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M Rampal

Publications and source records attributed to M Rampal.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Growth fraction (Ki67), ploidy balance and proliferation index in tumors of the urogenital tract and breast].

The practical applications of computer-assisted image analysis systems are multiple in oncology. The computerized system of image analysis referred to as SAMBA (TITN) is particularly relevant to analyse coloured images resulting from immunostaining or histochemical procedures assessed either on tissue sections of any type or cytological preparations (imprints, smears). The SAMBA analysis of positive Ki67 surfaces in tissue sections from breast, endometrial, ovarian, cervical or urinary bladder samples enables a multiparametric evaluation of the growth fraction (GF) in intraepithelial, borderline or invasive proliferations. Moreover, the SAMBA analysis after Feulgen staining procedures provides a parametric evaluation of the nuclei densitometry and morphological features and of the chromatin texture, which serve to compute the ploidy balance (BP) and the proliferation index (PI). In benign tumors, GF and PI are low and tumor cells are diploid with an overall high positive PB values. In malignant tumors, GF, PI and the percentage of aneuploid cells increase with tumor grade and stage whereas PB decreases. In borderline proliferations, FC, PI and PB intermediate values are recorded. These new criteria of prognosis should be assessed routinely in pathology departments and the results from these new investigations are likely to be soon implicated in the selection of patient therapy.

Antigens, Surface↗
PubMed1989

[Is intravenous urography indispensable in evaluating a bladder emptying disorder?].

Two patients with disorders of bladder emptying (dysuria, pollakiuria) were treated by endourethral resection after being investigated by ultrasonography without intravenous pyelography. Intravenous pyelography performed subsequently due to persistence and even deterioration of the bladder emptying disorders revealed the diagnosis and allowed treatment of renal tuberculosis. Intravenous pyelography is therefore an essential part of the assessment of patients with prostatic symptoms.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Functional and urodynamic study of cecocystoplasties with or without detubation].

The authors analyse and compare the clinical and urodynamic results of 16 tubed caecocystoplasties and 5 detubed ileocaecocystoplasties. The urodynamic assessments were performed between 2 months and up to 4 years after the operation. After a period of about 6 months, there was a functional difference between these two types of reservoir. The loss of pressure peaks in detubed reservoirs is not sufficient to ensure complete nocturnal continence. Neovesico-sphincteric synergy is responsible for real sphincteric self-re-education. Rationally, a detubing procedure in bladder replacement is only desirable in the case of a "deficient" sphincter.

Cecum↗
PubMed1989

[Extra-corporeal lithotripsy (EDAP LT 01) in urinary lithiasis].

Five hundred and twenty six extracorporeal lithotripsies have been performed for renal and ureteric stones. Using low frequencies (1.25 to 2.5 cycles per second), extracorporeal lithotripsy was performed without anaesthesia and without premedication in 85% of cases. 91.9% of patients treated were followed and reviewed after one and three months: 292 (55%) were successes, 124 (22.5%) obtained partial results, 122 (22.5%) were failures. The best results were obtained in stones less than 20 mm in diameter. The results could only be improved by a second session of extracorporeal lithotripsy. Scintigraphic scars observed after high frequency lithotripsy and not observed after low frequency lithotripsy were again seen after renewal of the firing head.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed1988

Characterization of midazolam metabolism using human hepatic microsomal fractions and hepatocytes in suspension obtained by perfusing whole human livers.

Isolated human hepatocytes provide a useful model for studying xenobiotic metabolism. However, in vitro studies using human hepatocytes are scarce due to the limited availability of this material. A new methodology is described for obtaining hepatocytes from a whole adult human liver. This procedure is based on (i) the rapid and intense in situ washing step of the organ with Eurocollins then glucose supplemented HEPES buffer (10 mM, pH 7.4) at 4 degrees in order to both minimize the warm ischemic period and remove erythrocytes, and (ii) a perfusion of collagenase solution (0.05% in 10 mM HEPES buffer at 37 degrees) throughout the portal vein according to a recirculated model. All perfused buffers are oxygenized. Hepatocyte viability averaged 85% as determined by Trypan Blue dye exclusion. The ability of these hepatocytes to catalyze certain metabolic transformations such as Phase I and Phase II reactions has been particularly investigated using the benzodiazepine drug, midazolam, as a substance probe. Freshly isolated human hepatocytes in suspension retained the ability to metabolize midazolam to its different hydroxylated derivatives--mainly the 1-hydroxy-midazolam--which was further conjugated with glucuronic acid. For a better understanding of the cytochrome P-450 mediated reactions, we studied the metabolism of midazolam in microsomal fractions prepared from twelve human livers. It was concluded that human microsomes (i) exhibited a Type I binding spectrum upon midazolam addition (Ks = 3.3 microM) and (ii) intensively metabolized the drug to its different derivatives. Furthermore, and since we demonstrated that midazolam was predominantly transformed by a single cytochrome P-450 enzyme, we could attribute the large inter-individual variations in midazolam metabolism to differences in human liver cytochrome P-450 content.

Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System↗
PubMed1988

[Stage T1 tumor of the bladder. From research to prognosis].

The reserved prognosis of stage T1 (A) bladder tumours is emphasised in relation to a series of 41 cases: 95% of tumours recurred, one third of these recurrent tumours posed a therapeutic problem because of their diffuse nature (15%) or tumour progression (24%). The risk of allowing a limited tumour to progress towards and extensively infiltrating carcinoma justifies the search for a prognostic factor allowing the early recognition of the more aggressive lesions. At the present time, no one prognostic element can indicate with certainty the course of the T1 tumour. All of the data obtained from detailed histological examination of the tumour and the adjacent urothelium and from the early course of the tumour allow a better evaluation of the prognosis. The search for surface antigens (ABO) and, more recently, chromosome analysis and study of the DNA content of the tumour by flow cytometry, may complete this prognostic evaluation.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1988

[Extracorporeal lithotripsy in urinary calculi using the LT 01 EDAP].

Three hundred and sixty nine extracorporeal lithotripsies for renal stones have been performed using the EDAP apparatus (ultrasound detection, piezoelectric destruction). In 7.1% of cases, the stone could not be located. By using low frequencies (1.25 to 5 cycles per second), extracorporeal lithotripsy was able to be performed in 82% of cases without anaesthesia and without premedication. 96.5% of patients treated have been followed and reviewed at one and three months: 169 (61%) cases were successful, 59 (21.3%) were partial results and 49 (17.7%) were failures. The best results were obtained in stones less than 20 mm in diameter. A poor result can only be improved by a second session of extracorporeal lithotripsy. The scintigraphic scars observed after high frequency extracorporeal lithotripsy were not observed when low frequencies were used. This new outpatient extracorporeal lithotripsy procedure without anaesthesia currently represents 79% of our primary indications in renal stones.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Cecocystoplasty. Observations apropos 45 cases].

45 patients underwent urinary diversion by caecocystoplasty following simple or radical cystectomy with or without prostatectomy. The immediate postoperative course of such a major operation was surprisingly simple both in terms of the gastrointestinal tract (due to the use of automatic sutures) and in terms of the urinary tract. Micturition and diurnal continence were perfect. The few cases of incontinence related to high caecal pressure were controlled by perineal reeducation and/or the prescription of oxybutynin. A Peniflow apparatus controls the inevitable enuresis of these neobladders when the trigone has not been preserved. The upper tract is perfectly protected. The authors consider that the caecal reservoir warrants a place of choice in bladder replacement after cystectomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Cancer of the right kidney and tumor of the right liver].

The true benign nature of a right side of liver tumor was revealed only after postoperative histopathology in a patient with cancer of right kidney. This raises the problem of kidney tumors with liver metastases. The preoperative diagnostic value of liver biopsy under ultrasound guidance is discussed, together with reasonable limits of hepatic excision combined with nephrectomy as a function of single or multiple metastases, their location, and their degree of surgical accessibility.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

[Is iatrogenic vesico-renal reflux a negligible factor in the evolution of recurrent superficial tumors of the bladder?].

The electrocoagulation and resection of superficial tumors of the bladder leads to iatrogenic refluxes. The frequency of subsequent vesical recurrences may thus favor tumoral grafts in the upper urinary tract. Fives cases illustrate this risk. They were treated by ureteral resections and by one bilateral, and two unilateral nephroureterectomies. Should these refluxes be ignored or treated surgically in the event of repeated papillomatous recurrences?

Aged↗
PubMed1985

[Cecocystoplasty. Apropos of 14 cases].

Cystoplasty is the ideal method of bringing back normal urinary flow after cystectomy, and the authors have used this procedure in fourteen cases. The cecum is mobIlized with its vascular pedicle. Bowel continuity is readily and safely restored with the aid of suturing forceps (TA 55, GIA). The cecum is carefully cleaned of all fecal matter. Two UCN join the ureters and the cecum, to which the trigone, the cervix vesicae, or the prostatic or membranous urethra is anastomosed, depending on the case. Three benign cystopathies, four recurrent diffuse papillomatoses and seven vesical carcinomas were treated in this way, with excellent results.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

[Primary adenocarcinoma of the bladder. Apropos of 5 cases].

The authors relate five cases of primary adenocarcinoma of the bladder that occurred between 1977 and 1983. Four tumours were located in the base and the lateral sides of the bladder, while the fifth was in the dome. Four tumours out of five were invading when diagnosis was done and were cured by a wide surgical cutting-away; the fifth which was a superficial one, was stopped by endoscopic resection. Bladder primary adenocarcinoma represent less than two percent of the whole epithelial tumours of this organ. They can be found under two specific topographic aspects: the first one, located in the dome or in the anterior wall is considered as a tumour of urachus, the second one, usually located in the trigonal and peri-trigonal area is considered as a vesical adenocarcinoma proper. The histogenesis of these lesions quite probably lies in a mechanism of vesical urothelium metaplasia under the influence of mechanical and infectious factors. Most of these tumours are isolated and invading when they are found out. One might distinguish adenocarcinomas similar to those of the gut, from urothelial carcinomas where the metaplastic glandular features are predominant. Clinically, glandular tumours hardly differ from the usual urothelial invading carcinoma except by a mucus secretion in the bladder that is, however quite unusual. Prognosis of such lesions is bad but a little better in urachus carcinoma cases. The treatment is surgical and involves a wide cutting-away, the extent of which can be discussed for urachus tumors. The impact of radiotherapy and chemotherapy upon them has still to be proved.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adenocarcinoma↗