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Biomedical subjects

M Raben

Publications and source records attributed to M Raben.

33 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Relationship of lesion size to survival in patients with stage IB squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix uteri treated by radiation therapy.

Forty-five patients with Stage IB squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix uteri were treated with radiation therapy alone. The five year actuarial survival rate of the 22 patients in group 1 in whom the tumor was less than 4 centimeters in diameter was 95 per cent, which was significantly higher than the 67 per cent survival rate in the 23 patients in group 2 with bulky lesions greater than or equal to 4 centimeters in diameter, p less than 0.05. These results of radiation therapy are consistent with surgical results recently reported and indicate that patients with bulky lesions, especially those tumors greater than or equal to 4 centimeters in size, comprise a high risk subset within the Stage IB classification. A new classification is proposed in which bulky lesions are designated Stage IC, advanced overt, so that such high risk patients might be identified and more efficacious treatment regimens might be developed.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1979

Efficacy of radionuclide scanning in patients with lung cancer.

Ninety-two patients with histologically proved carcinoma of the lung were studied retrospectively to determine the usefulness of liver, brain, and bone imaging in their examination and treatment. Occult metastatic liver disease was observed in two (5.3%) of 38 asymptomatic patients, while four (6.6%) of 58 neurologically intact patients had abnormal brain scans. Eight (13.6%) of 59 asymptomatic patients had metastatic bone disease. Seven (18.4%) of 38 patients with no clinical evidence of metastatic disease to liver, brain, or bone had at least one type of abnormal radionuclide study. More than half (52.5%) of the patients studied had at least one abnormal scan exclusive of symptoms. Radionuclide imaging is a useful procedure in the initial evaluation and subsequent management of lung cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

The inverse compensating filter.

When a single-field technique is used in megavoltage x-ray therapy, a uniform entrance dose is often required. If there is a large variation in source-to-surface distance over the field, an inverse type of compensating filter is necessary to achieve entrance dose uniformity. The production and utilization of these filters is discussed.

Filtration↗
PubMed1978

Radiation therapy in the treatment of superior vena caval obstruction.

The obstruction of the superior vena cava by tumor is recognized as an acute or subacute oncologic emergency. Rapid high-dose irradiation to the mediastinum is shown to be effective therapy for a superior vena caval obstruction. In our series 35 patients have been treated with rapid high-dose irradiation between January 1971 and July 1977. The present treatment consists of 400 rad given in a daily midplane dose for 3 days, and then slowing to 150 rad midplane per day to a total dose of 3000 rad over 15 fractions. There have been no instances of exacerbations of symptoms or severe complications from this treatment. There have been 2 failures of the 35 patients treated with this regimen. Both were shown at autopsy to have massive thrombi obstructing the superior vena cava. Six years of experience using this regimen has proven to be a safe and effective means of treatment for superior vena caval obstruction.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

The control of chronic lymphocytic leukemia with mediastinal irradiation.

Forty patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia have been treated with mediastinal irradiation. A full remission was achieved in 18 (45 per cent) patients, a partial response in eight (20 per cent), "WBC control" in eight (20 per cent) and no response in 6 (15 per cent). Although mediastinal irradiation benefited all stages of disease, earlier stages of disease correlated with more complete and longer response to mediastinal irradiation. Toxicity was mild and transient and included leukopenia in five patients (12 per cent), thrombocytopenia in eight patients (20 per cent), mild esophagitis in 12 patients (30 per cent) and pneumonitis in four patients (10 per cent). There were no toxic deaths and mediastinal irradiation did not adversely effect survival. Treatment was readily given on an ambulatory basis and completed within four weeks. In five of 11 patients, abnormal immunoglobulins became normal. Eleven patients had abnormal lymphocyte transformation with PHA, five had marked improvement and three had partial improvements following mediastinal irradiation. This improvement appeared to correlate with response and survival but further study is necessary to confirm this relationship. Although most patients required additional therapy within two years, eight patients have required no further therapy for periods of twenty-eight months to thirteen years.

Chlorambucil↗
PubMed1977

Proton NMR relaxation times in the peripheral blood of cancer patients.

The proton spin lattice relaxation time (T1) of serum and leucocytes of cancer patients and normal volunteers was measured using pulsed NMR techniques. There was no statistically significant difference in the serum T1 values of cancer patients relative to normal. An increase in T1 relative to normal values was detected in the white blood cells of patients with active leukaemia. In these patients T1 fell to normal levels after the initiation of treatment. The variation of leucocyte T1 with the course of the disease for five patients having leukaemia is presented.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1976

The effect of radiation therapy on lymphocyte subpopulations in cancer patients.

The proportion of T and B lymphocytes in the peripheral blood was determined in patients with either mammary cancer or with various pelvic malignancies. In cancer patients studied prior to irradiation the level of cells forming either E-rosettes or EAC'-rosettes was similar to that found among healthy controls. Radiation therapy resulted in a striking lymphopenia. The level of cells with T-cell markers was diminished to a greater extent than the level of cells with B-cell markers. The relative proportion of T-cells forming high affinity E-rosettes was not reduced following radiation, so that it can be concluded that radiation affects predominantly the subpopulation of T-cells which do not form high affinity E-rosettes. Irradiation of the pelvic area resulted in a more rapid reduction of the level of T lymphocytes than irradiation of the mediastinum, although the final relative proportions of the cells were similar in both groups of patients. The results of the present study suggest that the reduction of the level of T lymphocytes following irradiation results from its effect on the lymphocytes in the major blood vessels, and that radiation of the thymus is not a prerequisite for this phenomenon.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1976

Response of superior vena cava syndrome to radiation therapy.

The treatment of a superior vena caval obstruction associated with a mediastinal mass is a true radiotherapeutic emergency. The heralding signs and symptoms and the morbidity of the syndrome justify beginning therapy before a pathologic diagnosis is established. In a series of 19 patients with superior vena cava syndrome, there was an excellent response to an initial high-dose course of irradiation, consisting of 400 rads midplane for 3 days, then reduced to conventional daily fractionation. It is concluded that rapid high-dose irradiation in the treatment of a superior vena cava syndrome is safe and effective.

Adult↗