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Biomedical subjects

M R Sage

Publications and source records attributed to M R Sage.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Cryptogenic organizing pneumonia with atypical histopathological features.

A case report of cryptogenic organizing pneumonia (COP); also known as bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia (BOOP) is presented. The histopathologic findings of COP are well documented in the literature and typically consist of organizing pneumonia of uniform appearance. This case report describes, in addition to the classic findings, more acute exudative inflammation not usually associated with this condition. Variation in the evolution of the pneumonic process is one of the reasons for reporting this case. The promotion of awareness of this treatable condition is the other reason for reporting this case. When multifocal areas of consolidation are demonstrated radiologically, particularly when peripheral and basal, and in the correct clinical setting, the possibility of COP should be entertained. This condition responds dramatically to steroid therapy, and has a good prognosis.

Bronchiolitis Obliterans↗
PubMed1994

The effect of intracarotid nonionic contrast media on the blood-brain barrier in acute hypertension.

PURPOSE: To determine whether acute hypertension (HT) is a risk factor for damage to the blood-brain barrier in carotid angiography with nonionic contrast media. METHODS: Anesthetized rats received intravenous injections of technetium-99m-pertechnetate and horseradish peroxidase. Two groups of rats received metaraminol to raise their blood pressure to between 165 and 190 mmHg peak systolic and then received intracarotid injections of saline or iopamidol. Two other groups remained normotensive and received intracarotid injections of saline or iopamidol. Animals were perfused with a fixative solution and their brains removed. Activity of extravasated Tc-99m-pertechnetate was determined to assess blood-brain barrier breakdown. Brains were then sectioned, treated histochemically to visualize extravasated horseradish peroxidase, and ranked visually according to horseradish peroxidase staining. RESULTS: Extravasation of both tracers was significantly greater in the hypertensive group that received contrast media than in the other three groups. CONCLUSIONS: Acute hypertension potentiates the blood-brain barrier-damaging effects of nonionic contrast media during carotid angiography in rats.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1993

Cavernous haemangiomas (angiomas) of the brain: clinically significant lesions.

A review of 2000 consecutive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain studies identified 18 (0.9%) patients with lesions that satisfied MRI criteria for cavernous haemangiomas. The clinical, computed tomography (CT) and MRI findings in 23 patients with probable cavernous haemangiomas were compared. Thirty-three lesions were identified with multiple lesions in five (22%) patients. In 19 (82%) patients the neurological presentation corresponded to a cavernous haemangioma. The presenting symptoms were: seizures in 11 patients (48%); progressive neurological symptoms and signs in four (17%); and acute symptoms and signs due to haemorrhage in four (17%). T2 weighted images suggested the diagnosis in all cases, with 24 (73%) lesions showing the typical appearance of an area of mixed signal intensity with a rim of low signal intensity. In the absence of acute haemorrhage, CT demonstrated well circumscribed, round or oval hyperdense lesions without significant mass effect and with normal surrounding brain tissue in the majority of cases. Although not diagnostic, these CT features are strongly suggestive of cavernous haemangiomas.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Intracerebral ganglioglioma.

A case of a rare intracerebral tumour, namely a ganglioglioma, is reported to illustrate the CT and MRI features. The finding of focal thinning of the inner skull vault in association with an adjacent intracerebral mass lesion can aid in the diagnosis of intracerebral ganglioglioma.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1992

Bilateral spondylolysis and associated dysplasia of C6.

Cervical spondylolysis is a rare condition, characterised by the presence of a corticated cleft between the superior and inferior articular facets of the articular mass (1). This defect involves the cervical equivalent of the pars interarticularis of the lumbar spine. Associated dysplastic changes are present, suggesting that the lesion is congenital (1 and 2). This case report describes bilateral spondylolysis and associated dysplasia of C6 in an 18 year old female. The importance of this lesion lies in its differentiation from the more serious articular mass fracture or dislocation (1).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Enterogenous cyst of the cervical spinal canal.

A case of an enterogenous cyst of the cervical spinal canal in an 18 year old man is presented, high-lighting the radiological findings. A brief overview is given of these rare cysts, together with their clinical and radiological features and associations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Bony exostosis of the atlas with resultant cranial nerve palsy.

A case of tenth and twelfth nerve compression secondary to a bony exostosis of the first cervical vertebra is described. This uncommon phenomenon serves to outline the importance of imaging the course of a cranial nerve when no intracranial abnormality is demonstrable on CT or MRI. The radiologic features of spinal osteochondromas are reviewed.

Cervical Atlas↗
PubMed1991

Effects of nonionic contrast media on the blood-brain barrier. Osmolality versus chemotoxicity.

This study was performed to assess the relative contributions of contrast medium osmolality and chemotoxicity to contrast-induced blood-brain barrier (BBB) damage. Experimental carotid angiography was carried out in rabbits with mannitol at an osmolality of 714 mOsm/kg, with the nonionic, monomeric contrast media iohexol and ioversol at similar osmolalities, and with the nonionic, dimeric contrast media iodixanol and iotrolan at osmolalities less than half that of the mannitol. The amount of damage caused by the procedure was assessed by determining the amount of intracerebral extravasation of intravascularly injected technetium-99m-pertechnetate. Mannitol caused no detectable BBB damage, but all four contrast media caused BBB damage that was significantly more severe than that caused by mannitol. The BBB damage caused by carotid angiography with iohexol, ioversol, iodixanol, and iotrolan was not attributable to their osmolalities, but due to some other physical and/or chemical effects of these media on the BBB.

Animals↗