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Biomedical subjects

M R Couper

Publications and source records attributed to M R Couper.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

Guidelines for drug donations.

Drug donations are usually given in response to acute emergencies, but they can also be part of development aid. Donations may be given directly by governments, by non-governmental organisations, as corporate donations (direct or through private voluntary organisations), or as private donations to single health facilities. Although there are legitimate differences between these donations, basic rules should apply to them all. This common core of "good donation practice" is the basis for new guidelines which have recently been issued by the World Health Organisation after consultation with all relevant United Nations agencies, the Red Cross, and other major international agencies active in humanitarian emergency relief. This article summarises the need for such guidelines, the development process, the core principles, and the guidelines themselves and gives practical advice to recipients and donor agencies.

Guidelines as Topic↗

Strategies for the rational use of antimicrobials.

The World Health Organization's (WHO) policy on drugs is based on the essential-drug concept. In order that this policy specifically encompasses antimicrobials, several steps must be taken. Adequate information on the management of infectious diseases should be readily available to prescribers. Continuing education of prescribers, provision of treatment guidelines, and accurate product labeling are important as well. Unethical promotion of antimicrobial products by pharmaceutical companies should be prohibited. Patterns of drug resistance in important pathogens should be monitored. Attempts should be made to monitor drug use in terms of both prescription and consumption. Systematic interchange of information at the national and international levels within defined networks is necessary. The pharmaceutical quality of antimicrobials must be ensured through rigorous registration and enforcement procedures. Collaboration between the pharmaceutical industry and academics must be ongoing. The WHO is prepared to assist countries in developing strategies on the rational use of antimicrobials.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗

The Delphi technique: characteristics and sequence model.

The Delphi Technique is gaining popularity in the health care field, although no model has been presented to capture its sequential process. An attempt was made to trace its characteristics and to design such a model in order to clarify the process and to assist users of this technique.

Decision Making↗