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Biomedical subjects

M R Cook

Publications and source records attributed to M R Cook.

49 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Melanotic neuro-ectodermal tumour of infancy. A case report.

A case of melanotic neuro-ectodermal tumour of infancy (retinal anlage tumour, melanotic ameloblastoma) is described. Although a well recognized entity, the biological origin of this tumour is still disputed. A confusing array of names has been awarded to this tumour which characteristically occurs in infants under one year of age, commonly arising from the maxilla but also from the mandible, frontal bone, mediastinum, shoulder and cerebellum. While the origin of the tumour remains unclear, the ultra-structural evidence of Haywood et al. (1969) supports a neural crest origin. Consistent with this are the findings by Borello and Gorlin (1966) of high urinary vanillylmandelic acid excretion in one case and the correlation of tumour enzyme patterns with those of paragangliomas, neuroblastomas and phaeochromocytomas.

Humans↗
PubMed1981

Meprobamate reduces accuracy of physiological detection of deception.

Normal male subjects attempted to deceive an experimenter recording electrodermal, respiratory, an cardiovascular activity. Those who had ingested a placebo or nothing were detected with statistically significant frequency on the basis of their phasic electrodermal responses, which clearly distinguished them from truthful suspects. That was not the case with deceptive subjects who had ingested 400 milligrams of meprobamate, nor did the examiner detect which subjects had received the drug.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1977

Appetitive and replacement naps: EEG and behavior.

Consistent subjective, behavioral, and electroencephalographic sleep-stage differences were found between afternoon naps of 11 habitual appetitive nappers (who nap lightly for psychological reasons apparently unrelated to reported sleep needs) and 10 replacement nappers (who apparently nap regularly in response to temporary sleep deficits). Both types of naps were compared with naps of 12 confirmed non-nappers.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of smoking and telic/paratelic dominance on the contingent negative variation (CNV).

Concepts from reversal theory, a general theory of motivation, emotion and action, have recently been shown to be relevant to smoking behavior and smoking cessation. One relevant concept is that of telic and paratelic dominance. Individuals who are paratelic-dominant are playful, spontaneous, and prefer high arousal seeking. Those who are telic-dominant are serious, tend to plan ahead, and prefer low arousal. This led to the hypothesis that smoking might increase the amplitude of the contingent negative variation (CNV) in paratelic-dominant smokers more than in telic-dominant smokers. CNV was obtained using a Go/NoGo reaction time task with a 2 s S1-S2 interval and variable intertrial intervals. S1 indicated whether the subject was to respond to S2 or not. Errors were punished with a burst of white noise. Subjects performed the CNV task three times: after being deprived of smoking for at least 4 h; after sham smoking; and after smoking a cigarette of their own brand. Telic-dominant subjects differed from paratelic-dominant subjects in the relative amplitude of early (1 s) and late (2 s) components of the CNV. Smoking did not differentially affect the dominance groups unless gender was taken into account, and the most striking interactions between smoking and dominance groups were noted for the NoGo trials. As expected, smoking decreased the amplitude of the early component of the NoGo CNV for telic-dominant women, but increased it for paratelic-dominant women; no significant differences were found for the late component. In men, smoking increased the late CNV more for telics than for paratelics, while smoking did not differentially affect the early component.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The impact of mastectomy on self-concept and social function: a combined cross-sectional and longitudinal study with comparison groups.

Self-concept and social function following radical, modified radical or simple mastectomy for Stage I or II breast cancer, breast biopsy for benign breast disease, cholecystectomy or no operative procedure were measured across a fifteen-month period in a cross-sectional design and across a twelve-month period in a repeated measures design. Women selected for study were without other preexisting mental or physical illness. The degree of disability observed following mastectomy was considerably less than previously reported in uncontrolled studies, with the incidence of actual disturbance extremely small. Women receiving adjuvant therapies following mastectomy, but not women treated by mastectomy alone, reported significantly more body-image dissatisfaction and feminine self-image concerns than the comparison groups. The findings refute previously published impressions of severe psychosocial maladjustments following mastectomy. The study suggests that post-mastectomy women vulnerable to poorer outcome would be those with lower expectations of good quality social support, other present life stressors, other pre-existing chronic diseases, and a disposition to believe in life outcomes as less under their own control.

Adult↗