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Biomedical subjects

M Profant

Publications and source records attributed to M Profant.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Petrous apex cholesteatoma.

Primary or secondary petrous apex cholesteatoma requires surgical management. We describe here live patients with cholesteatoma in the petrous apex on whom different surgical approaches to this region were used. Translabyrinthine transcochlear (transotic) approach with VII-XII anastomosis was used in four patients. In one patient middle fossa approach with otic capsule and facial canal leaving intact was used. All patients are without recurrence of cholesteatoma with improving of the facial nerve function in one case. We discuss specific pathologies of the petrous apex, the surgical approach to this region indicated according to the size and type of pathology diagnosed, hearing loss and facial nerve function. Possible complications of this surgical procedure and their management are also discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Meningioma of the clivus].

Clivus meningeoma is a relatively rare tumor with difficult surgical accession. Large and giant tumors acquire a very close relation to the brain stem, cranial nerves and brain vessels. In 10 our of 13 patients, the large tumor diameter exceeded 4 cm, and in half of them it was larger than 5 cm (max. 6.5 cm). Small and medium-sized tumors were removed by means of simple neurosurgical approaches. All of the 10 large and giant tumors were removed by a combined supra-infratentorial presigmoid approach which enabled the approach to the whole tumor. Three recurrent tumors were removed subtotally, the primary surgical intervention removed 5 tumors radically, 4 subtotally and 1 partially. The entire removal was precluded due to infiltrative growth of the tumor localized in the cavernous sinus, firm adherence of tumor to the brain stem or to the vertebrobasillar vessels. Authors' own experience support the data from literature dealing with the relationship of unfavourable results to the size of tumor. Permanent impairment of cranial nerves (38.5%) occurred mostly in large and giant tumors. One death (7.7%) during the peri-operative period (up to one month following operation), as well as the second that occurred in later period succeeded the removal of a giant tumor. Regarding the character of the relationship of large clivus meningeoma to the surrounding nerve and vascular structures, the future improvement of functional results can be expected especially owing to early diagnosis. (Tab. 2, Fig. 2, Ref. 19.)

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Objective auditory examination of neonates using otoacoustic emissions].

Auditory examination performed by an objective examination method in newborns is aimed to early identify possible permanent auditory defects. Detection of permanent auditory defect already in the first days after birth enables early treatment and rehabilitation with the help of hearing apparatus and later possibly with cochlear implants. The paper presents principles of auditory examinations with the help of otoacoustic emissions and analyzes the results of a screening using otoacoustic emissions performed in a group of 596 newborns and the cause of deafness in a group of 101 prelingually deaf children. On the basis of the results and literature data the authors recommend gradual introduction of universal auditory screening of newborns in Slovak republic. (Tab. 3, Fig. 4, Ref. 13.)

Hearing Disorders↗
PubMed1996

[Therapy of tracheal stenoses].

BACKGROUND: Tracheal stenosis is a serious disease of the upper airways. With advances in resuscitation its incidence is steadily increasing. Despite modern therapeutic procedures and the use of perfect materials tracheal stenosis is still a serious therapeutic problem. METHODS AND RESULTS: The authors present a group of 48 patients with tracheal stenosis treated during the period between January 1990 and September 1995. Thirty-eight patient with postintubation stenosis were subjected to surgery. 4 with direct tracheal injury, 5 with a tracheoesophageal fistula and one with a malignant stenosis of the trachea. For treatment of tracheal stenosis a wide range of therapeutic procedures was used: from laser destruction to long-term stenting on a T cannula and plastic reconstruction of tracheal defects to extensive segmental resections of the trachea. In the group of patients with segmental resection of the trachea (21 patients) in 17 good results were achieved (81%), in three satisfactory results (14%) and one patient died during the postoperative period. In the group with combined treatment (27 patients) in 13 good results were recorded (48%), in three satisfactory results (11%), in nine patients treatment still proceeds (33%) their prognosis in uncertain. During the postoperative period two patients died. CONCLUSIONS: From the results of the work the authors conclude that segmental resection of the trachea holds a priority position in the treatment of tracheal stenoses. It gives the best immediate and late therapeutic results. It is important to emphasize prevention of tracheal stenoses during prolonged controlled ventilation. Because the most difficult tracheal reconstructions are those after unsuccessful primary reconstructions, it is essential to concentrate serious tracheal lesions in departments which have adequate staff and technical equipment and ample experience.

Humans↗
PubMed1990

[Carcinoma of the sphenoid sinus].

The authors describe the case-history of a 63-years-old patient with primary carcinoma of the sphenoid sinus. The tumour penetrated through the lateral wall of the sinus into the intracranium. It was manifested by pain in the left half of the face, Horner's syndrome and paresis of the abducent nerve. The diagnosis was based on the case-history, clinical picture, computed tomography and biopsy. A non-differentiated carcinoma was involved. The authors discuss the reasons of the retarded diagnosis.

Female↗
PubMed1990

[Stapedectomy and a piston in otosclerosis].

At the Otolaryngological Clinic, Faculty Hospital Bratislava since 1971 to 1987 673 microsurgical operations on the stapes were made in patients with otosclerosis, incl. 73 using the method of stapedotomy and interposition of a teflon piston. The method was very successful. Hearing improved in 91.7% of the patients. In no instance marked deterioration of hearing or deafness developed. The surgical operation is associated with a smaller risk of damage to the inner ear. Patients tolerate stapedotomy well and the results are better than after stapedoplasties according to Schuknecht. The decibel gain is more even and at higher frequencies more marked than after stapedectomy. When the piston is used, greater precision and manual skill of the surgeon is essential, as compared with stapedectomy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Initial experience with a silicone T-tube of our design in stenoses of the larynx and trachea].

Due to research of plastics in the Research Institute of Cables and Isolates in Bratislava it was possible to develop a T-tube which proved useful in the comprehensive treatment of laryngotracheal stenoses at the ENT Clinic of the Faculty Hospital. The advantage of the prototype of the silicon laryngotracheal T-tube is the ovoid shape of the horizontal arm which makes it possible to treat more readily the upper and lower arm. Closure of the horizontal arm permits normal respiration and phonation. The smoothness of the tube wall prevents adherence of mucus and formation of crusts in the tube. The biological inertness and adequate consistency of the T-tube permit epithelialization of the supported areas of the larynx and trachea without formations of excessive granulation tissue. In the submitted paper the authors describe their experience with the use of the silicon T-tube of their own design in three patients with laryngeal stenosis and stenosis of the cervical portion of the trachea.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Microsurgical removal of synechia in the vocal cord area].

The authors submit two recommendations for the final surgical elimination of adhesions between the vocal folds. In both instances the procedure prevents the development of a new adhesion by covering at least one vocal fold by a mucous membrane. The operations are performed by the endolaryngeal route.

Humans↗
PubMed1989

[Reinnervation of the larynx in an experiment].

In an experiment on five dogs the authors investigated the topographic anatomical relations of the laryngeal recurrent nerve, the vagus, the phrenic nerve and ansa cervicalis. They elaborated a surgical approach to the above nerves. In nine dogs the authors dissected the n. laryngeus recurrens and made anastomoses: an end-to-end anastomosis in three dogs, a bypass anastomosis of the distal stump of the recurrent laryngeal nerve with a separated portion of the trunk of the vagus in two dogs, an end-to-end anastomosis of the distal stump of the recurrent laryngeal nerve with the dissected central portion of the phrenic nerve in four dogs (in one also interposition of the nerve trunk from a small branch of the ansa cervicalis was made). Reaxonization was investigated by histological examination. Satisfactory functional results were achieved after anastomosis of the recurrent laryngeal nerve and the phrenic nerve. Less satisfactory results were obtained when a portion of the vagus was used and subsequent anastomosis of the distal stump of the recurrent laryngeal nerve nad finally after end-to-end anastomosis of the previously dissected recurrent laryngeal nerve.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗
PubMed1983

Minimal cardiac transit times--a sensitive parameter reflecting changes in cardiac volume-to-flow ratios.

Minimal cardiac transit times (MTTs) are differences between times of appearance of the indicator at consecutive segments of the cardiopulmonary circulation. The MTTs are shown to be directly proportional to the quotient of volume to flow. The relationship of the cardiac MTTs to ventricular ejection fraction was derived. Utilizing this technique the ejection fractions of the left and right ventricles in 72 normal individuals were calculated. Theoretical aspects of measuring cardiac MTTs were related to experience of clinical application and confirmed its usefulness.

Cardiac Output↗