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Biomedical subjects

M Praslicka

Publications and source records attributed to M Praslicka.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Tissue glycogen and blood glucose in irradiated rats. I. Effects of a single lethal x-irradiation.

Fed and starved (overnight) male rats of the Wistar strains were exposed to wholebody irradiation with 14.35 Gy (1 500 R) of X-rays. After irradiation and sham-irradiation all animals were starved up to the examination performed 1, 6, 24, 48 and 72 h after the treatment. Concentration of glucose in the blood and concentration of glycogen in the liver, heart, skeletal muscle, brown and white adipose tissue were determined. Concentration of blood glucose and liver glucogen was found to increase between 1 and 6 h after irradiation of the starved animals. The most pronounced increase of glycogen concentration in the liver and heart muscle was observed 24 and 48 h after irradiation. The fed and starved irradiated rats reacted differently particularly between 48 and 72 h, when the liver glycogen concentration decreased in the fed animals and remained elevated in the starved ones. Very high values of terminal glycemia were observed in both groups. Accumulation of glycogen in the heart muscle indicates that this organ is sensitive to ionizing radiation.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1980

Tissue glucogen and blood glucose in irradiated rats. II. Effect of non-lethal doses of continuous gamma-radiation.

Male rats of the Wistar strain were continuously irradiated with an exposure of 0.57 Gy (60 R) of gamma-rays from a 60Co source. Irradiation lasted from 1 to 50 days in an experimental field, in which control animals shielded from radiation were also placed. After a 16-h starvation, concentration of glucose in the blood and of glycogen in the liver and heart was determined 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, 25, 32, 39 and 50 days after the beginning of irradiation. Concentration of blood glucose in irradiated rats did not practically differ from that of control animals during the whole period of investigation. Concentration of liver glycogen in irradiated animals was higher than that of the controls during all time intervals, except for day 1. Values of glycogen in the heart muscle were approximately identical in irradiated and control rats, except for day 21, on which they sharply increased in the irradiated animals. In addition to the investigation of blood glucose and tissue glycogen during continuous irradiation, we followed these parameters immediately, and 1, 6 and 12 months after continuous irradiation with a daily exposure of 0.57 Gy (60 R) up to a total exposure of 14.35 Gy (1 500 R) of gamma-rays. Considerably higher values of liver glycogen were detected in irradiated rats immediately and 1 and 6 months after the end of irradiation.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Changes of serum insulin level in lethally irradiated rats.

The levels of serum immunoreactive insulin and blood glucose were measured at 1, 6, 24, 48 and 72 h after the exposure to irradiation (387 mC kg-1 (1500 R) x-rays in male Wistar rats weighing about 200 g and fasted overnight before the irradiation. At 6 h a significant decrease of serum insulin was found which was parallel in both irradiated animals and sham-irradiated controls. This was presumably due to the handling during the irradiation procedure. At later time intervals, the level of insulin in irradiated animals appeared to be relatively stable, while that in controls was significantly increased at 24 h and later showed a steep decline resulting in a significantly decreased level at 72 h. The level of blood glucose was significantly increased in irradiated animals at 6, 24 and 48 h, the average increase at 72 h being about 300 per cent of the level in controls.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

The effect of a single lethal x-irradiation exposure on the activity of lipoprotein lipase in the tissues of the rat.

Wistar male rats, both fed and fasting for 16 h prior to irradiation, were exposed to a single lethal X-ray dose of 387 mC X kg-1 (1 500R). The activity of lipoprotein lipase in white adipose (epididymal) tissue and heart muscle and the concentration of serum triglycerides were determined at 1, 6, 24, 48, and 72 h after radiation exposure. In the early time periods, at 1 and 6 h after exposure, the activity of lipoprotein lipase was decreased in adipose tissue and increased in heart muscle of the irradiated fed rats; in fasting rats it was decreased in heart muscle at 1 h after exposure. The concentration of serum triglycerides was increased at 1 h and decreased at 6 h after exposure in fed rats. In these rats, alterations in serum triglycerides correlated with changes in lipoprotein lipase activity in adipose tissue. Alterations observed at the later time periods were more dependent on the time interval between radiation exposure and the analysis. Lipoprotein lipase activity increased with time after radiation exposure up to the maximal values at 72 h. Fasting prior to and after irradiation substantially modified the response of animals to radiation.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1979

White and red spleen pulp recovery in mice after continuous irradiation.

The process of spleen recovery after the continuous irradiation with higher daily doses up to the total dose 9570 mGy was studied in histological slices. Histological picture seen immediately after the irradiation gives evidence that significant changes occur in spleen white and red pulp. The lymphopoiesis recovery is slow and lasts till day 60, resp. 90 after irradiation. Erythropoiesis and myelopoiesis recovery of the red pulp is more intensive and is completed within 14-28 days in all three examined groups.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Recovery course in mouse spleen and bone marrow after continuous irradiation.

The paper deals with the recovery process of some parameters in the spleen and bone marrow till day 60 after continuous irradiation with a daily dose of 476.5 mGy (50 R), 957 mGy (100 R) and 4785 mGy (500 R) up to the total accumulated dose of 9570 mGy (1000 R). The recovery process in the spleen and bone marrow are relatively significant and completed till day 28 or 60 respectively after irradiation.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Plasma and adrenal corticosterone levels in male rats following x-irradiation at different times of day.

Adrenal and plasma corticosterone levels were investigated in male rats irradiated at 3-h intervals during the 24-h period (light : dark - 12 h : 12h). Adrenal and plasma corticosterone levels were markedly increased in animals exposed to a single whole-body X-irradiation with a lethal dose of 387 X 10(-3) C/kg (1 500R) and a 24-h fasting, compared to the sham-irradiated fasting controls, even during the lowest values of the intact group (08.00 h); the difference between the mean values of the irradiated and control group was not significant. The basal diurnal rhythm of corticosterone was retained even after irradiation. In comparison with the control, sham-irradiated group, the animals exposed to irradiation with a non-lethal dose of 64.5 X 10(-3) C/kg (250R) and a 48-h fasting showed adrenal corticosterone levels insignificantly higher in the light phase and lower in the dark phase. In comparison with the intact controls, both irradiated and sham-irradiated groups showed considerably shifted fluctuations during the 24-h period: the lowest levels in the middle of the dark phase and the highest in the middle of the light phase. Plasma levels of corticosterone were lower in irradiated animals than in the controls throughout the 24-h period. There were more irregular fluctuations and the diurnal rhythm was disturbed.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1978

The effects of continous irradiation on histological picture and deoxyribonucleoprotein content in spleen of rats.

The histological picture and deoxyribonucleoprotein (DNP) content in the spleen of the white male Wistar rats continuously irradiated with the daily dose rates 9.57 mGy (1 R), 95.7 mGy (10 R), 478.5 mGy (50 R) and 657.0 mGy (100 R) were studied. The animals were examined within the day until 60 of irradiation. The number of lymphocytes permanently decreased at the daily dose rates 95.7 mGy and higher ones. The increased activity of reticulum with the simultaneous multiplication of the erythroid cells in the red pulp of spleen was observed at day 10 and 60 of irradiation with 9.57 mGy and 95,7 mGy. Simultaneously DNP content in spleen increased in accordance with the increased activity of reticulum and extramedullar erythropoiesis. The significant decrease in DNP content alter the onset of irradiation with the daily dose rates 478.5 mGy and 957.0 mGy was caused mainly by the fall of lymphocytes. The incidence of eosinophilic leukocytes increased from day 40 irradiation with the daily dose rates 9.57 mGy, 95.7 mGy and 478.5 mGy and decreased with the daily dose rate 957.0 mGy. The plasma cells tended to increase in accordance with the increasing accumulated dose of irradiation with all daily dose rates.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Changes in the recovery ability of colony-forming units after continuous irradiation.

The recovery ability of colony-forming units from mice continuously irradiated for 30 and 100 days at an exposure rate of 25 and 50R/day was investigated. The rate of recovery depended not only on the daily exposure but also on the total dose accumulated. The course of the recovery process was assumed as follows: B(t) = Bs + (Bo--Bs). (formula:see text) was characterized by calculating the estimate(s) of the recovery coefficient tau.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Effect of magnitude of daily continuous radiation dose on serum proteins and survival in rats.

Changes in serum prealbumin, A1-macroglobulin, transferrin, and complement levels were studied in rats irradiated with daily doses of 100R (0.0258 C/kg), 200R (0.0516 C/kg) and 400R (0.1032 C/kg) until death. The daily dose of 100R applied for 39 days produced no changes in prealbumin and transferrin and a rise in the levels of A1-macroglobulin and complement. Shortly before death, i.e., between 39 and 44 days of irradiation, the levels of all four patients dropped. Daily doses of 200 and 400R caused a reduction in the levels of all four proteins since the very beginning. The LD 50 was 4 270R (1.1017 C/kg) at 100R/day, 4 060 R (1.0475 C/kg) at 200R/day, and 4 520 R (1.1342 C/kg) at 400R/day.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Effect of different daily rate of continuous irradiation upon changes in cfu number.

The effect of continuous irradiation upon colony-forming capacity of bone marrow cells was studied in mice exposed continuously for the length of 130 days to ionizing radiation at exposure rates ranging from 1--50R per day. A stabilized state in CFU number was observed between days 30 and 100, its level being related solely to the daily exposure rate. An interpolation of data on CFU found on days 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, and 100 provided an exponential curve which can be characterized by the equation log y = a + bx + cx2. This equation can be applied to prognostic estimation of CFU level during the stabilized state between days 30 and 100 of continuous radiation exposure at rates ranging from 1--50R day.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

The dynamics of changes in serum lipids during continuous irradiation of rats.

The dynamics of changes in serum lipids (free fatty acids, free glycerol, triglycerides, total cholesterol, and phospholipids) were studied in male Wistar rats irradiated in an open experimental field with a daily dose of 15.48 mC.kg.--1 (60 R) up to a total exposure of 774.0 mC. kg.--1 (3,000 R). The resulting changes occurred in several periods. Initial period of 0--7 days included a drop in triglyceride level and a rise in free glycerol, total cholesterol, and phospholipids in both control and irradiated rats. The period of 14--25 days marked the appearance of serum hyperlipaemia. Between 25--50 days, the levels of the different fractions oscillated and existing changes became more pronounced. The general level of serum lipids during continuous gamma-irradiation exceeded that found in controls. Changes in control animals from experimental field reflected the influence of a changed environment. The modifying factor affecting both irradiated and control rats was night fasting prior to sacrificing the animals and, probably, also the presence of an infradian rhythm in some serum lipid fractions.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Complement consumption in fresh blood sera by double culture of Paramecium caudatum and Aerobacter cloacae compared with survival and stage of disease in some malignant tumors in man.

Using the complement consumption test by double culture of Paramecium caudatum and Aerobacter cloacae (DPA) as antigen we examined blood sera and compared survival rates and stage of disease in 124 patients with carcinoma of cervix uteri, corpus uteri, ovaries and breast. The evidence suggests that bacteria Aerobacter cloacae constitute the proper antigenically effective substances of DPA. The intensity of reaction and therapy the relative titres of antibodies detected by the test were expressed by the amount of complement consumed in the reaction and designated by the abbreviation "NMHD", i. e. number of minimum haemolytic doses of complement fixed by antigen in the reaction. Patients with NMHD above 8 (i. e. with an intensive reaction corresponding to a high level of antibodies) exhibited partly higher three-year survival rates -- starting from the time of diagnosis, partly more often the clinical stages of disease I or II as compared with patients with NMHD below 4. The best survival rates were found in patients with NMHD above 8 and clinical stage I or II. NMHD values in patients with the initial period of disease and in healthy women did not differ substantially.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Biochemical changes in rats flown on board the Cosmos 690 biosatellite.

Male rats of the Wistar strain were examined one day and 26 days after the 20-day space flight on board the Cosmos 690 biosatellite. On the 10th flight day the animals were exposed to 24-hour gamma irradiation: some animals were irradiated at a dose of 220 rad and the others at a dose of 800 rad. The data were compared with the results obtained from two control groups one day and 26 days after the experiment: (i) rats kept in the vivarium and fed with a special diet, and (ii) rats from a synchronous experiment (which simulated the flight profile with the exception only of weightlessness). The studies showed the following changes one day after flight: an increase in the concentration of total cholesterol, glucose, urea and corticosterone in the blood plasma, an increase in the concentration of triglycerides in the plasma, liver and bone marrow, a decrease in the concentration of total cholesterol in the adrenals, a reduction in the DNA and RNA content in the spleen and bone marrow, a decline in the potassium concentration together with an increase in the sodium concentration in soleus muscle. The degree and pattern of the changes depended largely on the dose of irradiation. The parameters returned to normal 26 days post-flight.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1976

Simultaneous determination of LH activity in blood serum of sheep during three synchronized oestrous cycles by Bio and Ria method.

LH activity has been in 6 Merino sheep by means of the biological (Bio) and radioimmunological (RIA) test during three subsequent synchronized oestrous cycles. The vaginal sponges were impregnated with 30 mg chlormadinone acetate. The results obtained by the two afore mentioned methods are similar. Oestrous appeared in the average within 96 hours after removal of the sponges. The first increase of LH activity (Bio) was found to occur within 48--72 hours after removal of the sponges (270--400 IU/100 ml serum), the second increase within 15--16 days (450-570 IU/100 ml) and the third within further 16 days (390--590 IU/100 ml serum). The values obtained in the first oestrous cycle by RIA showed an LH peak within 62--110 hours after removal of the sponges (75--90 ng/ml in the second oestrous cycle 86--135 ng/ml and in the third one 58--60 ng/ml serum. In three animals no LH peak could be observed during the first, second or third oestrous cycle. The failure to prove LH peaks in three sheep during different phases of the oestrous cycles is explained by the fact that the synchronization led to heat which, however, did not result in fertile ovulation.

Animals↗