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Biomedical subjects

M Prévot

Publications and source records attributed to M Prévot.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

Urolithiasis and the protease inhibitor indinavir.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate specific urological abnormalities in patients treated with the protease inhibitor indinavir. METHODS: A series of 155 consecutive human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients were treated with indinavir 800 mg p.o. three times a day. Of these, 14 (9%) treated for 1-321 (average 110) days experienced severe flank pain and were subjected to clinical and laboratory examinations. RESULTS: Abdominal X-ray was consistently negative for stones. Ultrasonography showed upper-tract dilatation in 12 patients. Intravenous urography showed obstruction above a radiolucent obstacle in 7 patients; in 2 cases, there was a marked delay in urine excretion on the obstructed side. The mean urine pH was 6. Urine culture was negative. Serum uric acid, phosphorus, and calcium levels were normal. In 8 patients there was slight renal insufficiency, and 4 patients required ureteral stenting. In all cases, hyperhydration and oral analgesia led to a favorable outcome. In 3 patients, chemical analysis of the stone demonstrated monohydrate indinavir crystals. CONCLUSIONS: In our experience, indinavir therapy is associated with urolithiasis in 9% of the cases. Hydration, analgesia, and acidification of the urine usually lead to a favorable clinical outcome. Prophylactic hydration and acidification of the urine are extremely important.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Lack of ossification of the skull after surgery for craniosynostosis. A study of risk factors apropos of 592 cases].

The Center for Craniofacial Anomalies of Necker-Enfants-Malades Hospital presents a retrospective study of the outcome of 592 patients who were operated for craniosynostosis between 1976 and 1991. The quality of ossification one year after operation is reported with a focus on influencing factors. The lack of ossification rate is 5% (30/592). Three parameters are identified as increasing the risk of poor osseous wound healing: local postoperative infection, forehead advancement especially when accomplished with resorbable osteosynthesis, and brachycephaly. On the contrary, repaired tears of the dura mater do not seem to pose a risk. Seventy five per cent of patients with local infection and 12.4% of forehead advancement presented a lack of ossification which is statistically significant (p < 0.001). Lack of ossification can compromise aesthetic and functional results. Decreasing postoperative infection and stable fixation may help to avoid it.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1996

[Outcome of nasal deviation in plgiocaphaly after bilateral frontocranial modeling in childhood].

The deviation of the nasal root is one of the major deformities in unilateral coronal synostosis. The objectives of this study are to evaluate the results of bilateral frontocranial remodeling on nasal deviation, focusing on the patient's age at the time of the operation. All the patients undergoing bilateral frontocranial remodeling for plagiocephaly and followed for a minimum of 5 years postoperatively, without any other craniofacial surgery were included in the study. Based on photographic data, 42 patients were assigned to one of 4 morphologic categories: M1 = absence of nasal deviation; M2 = minor nasal deviation with no or minor revision required; M3 = severe nasal deviation with major alternative osteotomies required or performed; M4 = major nasal deviation with major craniofacial procedure and bone-grafting required or performed. Thirty-nine patients presented with significant nasal deviation before surgery. Ninety-two percent had a morphologic improvement and 62% had no residual nasal deviation (M1) more than 5 years after the procedure. The best results were obtained in patients operated between the ages of 12 and 24 months. All patients who underwent surgery during this period obtained improvement of the deformity, and 90% had no residual deviation. In contrast, when patients were operated before the age of 12 months, 91% obtained improvement of the nasal deformity, and 57% were assigned to the M1 category. Additionally, surgery performed between the ages of 2 and 4 resulted in 67% of partial correction and 33% of ideal correction. The most difficult age group to correct were children 4 years and older. Of the 4 patients in this group, one required major secondary reconstruction (M3), and only one patient achieved complete correction. Although the endpoint for correction is an aesthetic assessment, cephalometric analysis was also performed in 29 cases. Comparison of the evaluations gave equivalent results.

Child↗
PubMed1996

[About prions...].

Iatrogenic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) was first reported in 1974, in a 55-year-old woman whose symptoms started 18 months following corneal implant surgery. The transplant donor died of CJD. More recently, the epidemy of bovine spongiform encephalopathy in the U.K., and the reported cases of iatrogenic CJD due to extractive pituitary hormone injections, emphasized the problems of its etiology and the way these neurodegenerative diseases get transmitted. A new infectious pathogen was described as a prion: "small proteinaceous infectious particle", responsible of transmissible neurodegenerative diseases. The lethal evolution of these diseases, and the complete absence of preventive procedures are fearful regarding the extension of the disease, specially during the procedure of grafting originating from possibly infected people whose screening is currently impossible. It is mandatory for the surgeon to update its knowledges including the legal bylaws regarding a good surgical prevention. One must be certain the implant, wether autologous or heterologous, is completely free of disease, mainly in aesthetic surgery. This paper attempts to summarise this topics. One must bear in mind that the current knowledges could soon turn obsolete with a constant progression of scientific research and of the epidemiologic data.

Adult↗