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Biomedical subjects

M Portmann

Publications and source records attributed to M Portmann.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Aesthetic surgery for microtia.

We describe here a technique for reconstruction of the external ear based upon an autogenous costal cartilage graft which is inserted into a cutaneous pocket dissected in the auricular area. Three subsequent procedures are then performed: rotation of the ear-lobe; reconstruction of the tragus; and elevation of the auricle. The ideal age for reconstruction is about 7 years. This technique was originally described by Brent, who has a very extensive experience with this kind of surgery. Skin deficiencies can be overcome by using either a temporo-parietal fascial flap or a skin expander.

Cartilage↗
PubMed1989

[Mérocel's method in otorhinolaryngology].

Merocel intra-nasal pack are very effective in controlling epistaxis. Different forms of Merocel are very usefull in external otitis and after endonasal and middle ear surgery. They can protect some particular structures during oto-neuro and head and neck surgery.

Bandages↗
PubMed1989

[Cochlear and facial nerve function after surgery of acoustic neuroma].

Oto-neuro-surgical teams of Bordeaux University Hospital operated at this day, 700 acoustic neuroma. A retrospective study of the 120 last cases has shown the facial function be abnormal clinically in 16% of cases and in 50% from the electrophysiological point of view. Immediately after surgery: 39% have normal function (grade I), 22% have partial palsy (grades II, III, IV), 39% have total palsy. With 3 months follow up these percentages improve to become respectively 53%, 34% and 13%. For the cochlear function, 28 patients had good hearing before surgery (average pure tone threshold less than or equal to 35 dB and speech discrimination score greater than or equal to 70%). Results depend on the size of the tumour and on the difficulty of dissection during surgery. The hearing could be preserved at a good level in 8 patients (28.5%).

Cochlear Nerve↗
PubMed1989

Techniques of tympanomastoidectomy.

The authors describe the various techniques of tympanomastoidectomy that can be used to eradicate chronic disease processes. The techniques are either open or closed operations; the factors in determining the choice of technique for specific conditions are presented.

Humans↗
PubMed1989

[Use of a temporoparietal fascial flap in difficult reconstructions of the external ear].

Temporo parietal fascial flap is a way of total ear reconstruction when there is not a sufficient quantity of available skin in auricular region. This flap very thin, supplied by superficial temporal vessels is located above the auricle and can cover the framework's convolutions. This technique has been well described by Burt Brent. Our experience is based upon 12 total ear reconstruction with this kind of flap. When there is an extreme skin shortage, but of good quality, we discuss the technique of skin expander.

Ear, External↗
PubMed1988

Limits of ABR and contribution of transtympanic electrocochleography in the assessment of cerebellopontine angle tumours.

Auditory brainstem responses (ABR) and transtympanic electrocochleography (ECochG) were analysed for 63 patients with tumours of the cerebellopontine angle (CPA) and/or internal auditory meatus (IAM). ABR recordings indicated a clearly prolonged wave I-V interval (above 4.3 ms) in half of the patients, hence suggesting a retrocochlear disorder. For the remaining patients ABR alone was not sufficient for clear diagnosis and ECochG was therefore used in addition. When the latency of wave V was uncertain due to the absence of wave I, the latency of wave N1 was always measurable by ECochG. The NI-V interval evaluated in this way was always significantly prolonged (above 4.5 ms) relative to a control group of patients with a sensorineural hearing loss. In 9 of the 13 subjects without any discernible ABR, an ECochG response could be recorded and its threshold was often better than the mean pure tone audiogram. This study confirms the validity of transtympanic ECochG in the diagnosis of retrocochlear disorders. The time difference observed between wave N1 (ECochG) and wave I (ABR) in CPA tumours is discussed and a possible explanation is proposed.

Audiometry, Evoked Response↗
PubMed1988

Clinical significance of the summating potential in Menière's disease.

Transtympanic (TT) electrocochleography (ECochG) data recorded with click stimuli and tone bursts (1, 2, 4, and 8 kHz) were evaluated in 50 patients with Meniere's disease and compared with the data from control groups of 10 sensorineural hearing impaired patients and 5 subjects with normal hearing. The mean summating potential (SP) amplitude was larger in the Meniere's disease group for 1, 2, and 8 kHz. The low frequency (1 or 2 kHz) SP decreased in 59% of the Meniere's disease patients during a glycerol dehydration test, whereas subjective hearing improved in only 29%. The use of ECochG with the monitoring of SP thus improves the sensitivity of the glycerol test for the detection of endolymphatic hydrops. There appeared no clear relation between clinical observations and the ECochG data either before or after glycerol. However, the Meniere's disease patients with a large negative SP at low frequencies also had larger action potential (AP) and often had short-term symptoms. The present report confirms the usefulness of measuring the SP in the diagnosis of Meniere's disease.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1987

Stapedius reflex and cerebellopontine angle tumours.

The stapedius reflex was investigated in 61 patients with cerebellopontine angle tumours, in order to evaluate the reliability of the reflex-decay test in VIIIth nerve disorders. The reflex was completely normal in 11% of the patients. The 2 most frequently observed abnormalities were (1) an absence of the reflex when stimulating the ear on the side of the tumour, and (2) the conjunction of pathological reflex-decay at 0.5 kHz with a unilateral threshold elevation and/or absence of the reflex at other frequencies. The decay test was normal in one-third of the patients with a preserved reflex.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗
PubMed1987

Electrophysiological prognosis in facial paralysis.

Electrical prognosis was evaluated in 79 patients with facial paralysis, of spontaneous (n = 43) or post-traumatic origin (n = 36). Three electrophysiological tests were employed jointly: detection, stimulation and stimulodetection. The patients were reviewed at least 1 year later, in order to appreciate the agreement between the electrical prognosis and the clinical outcome (satisfactory or not). Those patients with a favourable prognosis on electrical testing had in the majority of cases a satisfactory outcome. The accuracy of the prognosis was also better in cases of early examination (within 15 days) and partial paralysis.

Adolescent↗