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Biomedical subjects

M Poisson

Publications and source records attributed to M Poisson.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Treatment of supratentorial glioma in adults by intra-arterial HECNU. Experience of the Pitié-Salpétrière group].

Between 1984 and 1988, patients suffering from malignant gliomas received intraarterial chemotherapy with HECNU (IAC). Three groups were identified. Group 1 consisted of 56 patients previously treated with surgery and radiation therapy (RT), who received IAC at recurrence. Group 2 consisted of 46 patients with unresectable tumors, and group 3 of 40 patients who had their tumor surgically removed. In groups 2 and 3, three courses of IAC were administered prior to conventional RT (50-54 Gy). Immediate tolerance was good but delayed ocular and cerebral toxicity occurred in 14% and 11% of cases, respectively. A better therapeutic response was observed with anaplastic gliomas than with glioblastomas (GBM). For anaplastic gliomas, median survivals (MS) were 18 months (group 1), 24 months (group 2) and 30 months (group 3). For GBM, MS were 4.5, 7.5 and 10.5 months in groups 1, 2 and 3, respectively. IAC does not seem to improve the prognosis of GBM.

Glioma↗
PubMed1991

Treatment of recurrent malignant supratentorial gliomas with carboplatin (CBDCA).

Twenty patients with malignant supratentorial gliomas progressing after radiation therapy and chemotherapy with nitrosoureas received intravenous carboplatin, 450 mg/m2. Courses of therapy were repeated every four weeks. Therapeutic evaluation was performed monthly using neurologic examination and CT scan of the brain. Of 19 patients evaluable for response, 2 (10%) responded to therapy and 6 (30%) had stable disease. The estimated median time to tumor progression for responding and stable patients was 6 months. Median duration of survival was 6 months for all patients. Of 20 patients evaluable for toxicity, none had renal or auditory toxicity. Side effects consisted of hematologic toxicity in 4 patients (20%): one patient had grade 4 toxicity requiring discontinuation of carboplatin and 3 patients had grade 2-3 toxicity.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Autoimmunity and paraneoplastic neurologic syndromes].

Paraneoplastic syndromes affecting the nervous system are rare and their diagnosis is often difficult when the original cancer is unknown. Recently, high levels of antineuronal antibodies (AB) have been found in serum and CSF of some patients with paraneoplastic syndromes. The anti-Yo AB recognizes 2 proteins of 34 and 62 kd in the cytoplasm of Purkinje cells and in malignant cells of patients suffering from paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration associated with ovarian and breast cancer. The anti-Hu AB recognizes a 37-40 kd protein in nuclei of neurons and in tumor cells of patients suffering from subacute sensory neuronopathy and encephalomyelitis associated with small cell lung cancer. Other antineuronal AB have been more rarely identified. The presence of high titer of one of these AB in a patient with suspected paraneoplastic syndrome is of great practical interest since it confirms the neurological diagnosis and strongly suggests the location of the primary tumor when the malignancy is unknown. The pathogenetic role of the antineuronal AB is unknown but it is likely that some paraneoplastic syndromes affecting the nervous system are due to an immune reaction against antigens shared by the tumor and the nervous system. To date, no efficient treatment has been found.

Autoantibodies↗
PubMed1990

Treatment of malignant recurrent glioma by intra-arterial, infra-ophthalmic infusion of HECNU 1-(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitroso-3-(2-hydroxyethyl) urea. A phase II study.

53 patients suffering from malignant recurrent glioma were treated with iterative arterial infusions of HECNU. The intra-carotid injections were performed below the ophthalmic artery. The response rate was 49% and the median survival was 8.5 months. The results differ substantially according to the histological subtype. The response rate was 33% for glioblastomas, 50% for anaplastic astrocytomas and 92% for malignant recurrences of low grade astrocytomas. The median survival was 4.5 months for glioblastomas and 18 months for anaplastic astrocytomas and malignant recurrences of low grade astrocytomas. Serious complications were a monocular blindness in 3 cases and a leucoencephalopathy in 6 cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Treatment of malignant gliomas with surgery, intra-arterial infusions of 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)chloroethylnitrosourea, and radiation therapy: a phase II study.

Forty patients with malignant supratentorial gliomas were treated with surgery, intra-arterial infusions of 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)chloroethylnitrosourea, and radiation therapy. The median duration of survival was 12 months; it differed according to the histological subtype (over 30 months for patients with anaplastic astrocytomas or anaplastic oligodendroglioma and 10.5 months for glioblastoma; P = 0.0025). Serious complications of monocular blindness and leukoencephalopathy were observed in four patients (10%).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Metastasis to the pituitary stalk in a case of breast cancer].

A 64-year old woman with breast cancer developed diabetes insipidus. CT scan showed thickening and contrast enhancement of the pituitary stalk highly suggestive of metastasis. The patient was successfully treated with desmopressin followed by external radiation therapy.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1989

Clindamycin with primaquine for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia.

Combined therapy with clindamycin and primaquine was used in twenty-eight episodes of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in 25 patients, of whom 17 had been unresponsive or intolerant to conventional treatment and 8 were being treated for the first time. The treatment was effective in all but two episodes, the main adverse reaction being a generalised maculopapular rash.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1989

[Medical treatment of inoperable malignant glioma. Non-superselective intra-arterial chemotherapy with HECNU followed by conventional radiotherapy].

Forty-six cases of non-surgical malignant glioma were treated by several repeated infusion of non-superselective intra-arterial chemotherapy using HECNU, followed by conventional radiotherapy. Chemotherapy was well tolerated immediately. Good responses rate was 46% for the whole group, but was higher in anaplastic astrocytomas (71%) than in glioblastomas (43%). The median survival for responders was 17 months, and clinical improvement was observed in a large majority of them. Later, neurological or ophthalmological ipsilateral complications of varying severity were observed in 8.7% and 15% of the cases respectively. Despite these complications the treatment was generally well tolerated and gave in responders a longer survival with better comfort.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Immunohistochemistry of epidermal growth factor receptors in human meningioma].

EGF receptors were assayed by immunohistochemistry using a monoclonal antibody against EGF-R in 32 surgical samples of meningioma. EGF-R were found in all samples (32/32). Only tumor cells were stained and staining was homogenous in tumor tissue. EGF-R was simultaneously assayed by 125I-EGF binding on membrane preparation and immunohistochemistry on frozen sections in 10 meningiomas. Results were qualitatively equivalent in 9 cases. Staining intensity was not correlated with the histological type, the proliferative status of the tumor or the age and hormonal status of the patients. The immunohistochemical data are in agreement with previous biochemical assays on tissue homogenates.

ErbB Receptors↗
PubMed1988

Gliomas and exposure to wood preservatives.

A case-referent study was undertaken to look for occupational risk factors among patients with glioma treated in a neurological hospital in Paris between 1975 and 1984. In the study group were 125 men with gliomas (aged less than or equal to 65) and 238 patients (also less than or equal to 65) admitted for non-neoplastic, non-malformative vascular diseases in the same department during the same period constituting the reference group. All diagnoses were confirmed by tomodensitometry. Information on occupational history was obtained from a postal questionnaire and from medical records. Comparison of cases and referents showed a significant excess risk among teachers (OR = 4.1) and a raised risk among wood workers (OR = 1.6). Four of nine cases of glioma who had been employed as wood workers reported that a colleague had suffered from glioma (those reports were confirmed by hospital records). None were reported among 11 referent wood workers. Using a complementary questionnaire on wood work, exposure assessment to wood preservatives and solvents showed that frequent exposure to organochlorine wood preservatives and to organic solvents occurred more often among cases than referent wood workers (p less than 0.10).

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Thrombopenia and disseminated intravascular coagulation during treatment with heparin: 2 cases with neurological complications].

We report two cases of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (H.T.) associated with a disseminated intravascular coagulopathy (DIC). Heparin was prescribed after a cerebral infarct in the first case and after an orthopedic surgical procedure in the second case. The DIC induced neurological complications and the death of both patients. Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia is common but is exceptionally associated with neurological symptoms. Heparin-induced DIC is quite uncommon, since only 20 cases have been reported but neurological complications (focal deficits or disturbances of consciousness) are noted in about one third of the cases and the outcome is fatal in 60 percent of the cases. The treatment of heparin-induced DIC and thrombocytopenia is disappointing. Monitoring of the platelets count is warranted during heparin treatment to prevent this severe complication.

Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation↗
PubMed1988

[Transient ischemic attack in amyloid angiopathy].

Two cases of cerebral amyloid angiopathy with transient ischemic attacks are reported. Both patients died of cerebral hemorrhage. Transient ischemic attacks seem to having been due to the cerebral angiopathy a disease in which small infarcts are frequently mentioned at post-mortem examination. However only 6 other cases of transient ischemic attacks with cerebral amyloid angiopathy have yet been reported.

Aged↗