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Biomedical subjects

M Pfeiffer

Publications and source records attributed to M Pfeiffer.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[Surgical treatment of Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis in standardized conditions].

Crohn's disease and colitis ulcerosa are marked by a high periintestinal infection rate as well as catabolism with negative protein balance. To eliminate these factors the principle of withdrawing the intestinal function has been applied. Patients are put on a completely absorbable diet (2,500-3,500 kcal/d) using a thin duodenal (or jejunal) tube for 4-6 weeks. Depending on the initial condition, assistant or total parenteral nutrition is performed. - 203 patients with Crohn's disease (n = 154) or colitis ulcerosa (n = 49) underwent elective surgery from January 1st, 1978 to April 30th, 1985. Using the preparation of withdrawing the intestinal function 85.7% of the patients have had an uncomplicated postoperative course. Septic complications were found in 12.8%, non-septic in 1.5%. The rate of mortality was 1.0%. In the case of Crohn's disease complications occurred in 10.4%, mortality was 0.6%.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Therapeutic experience with temocillin in peritonitis.

The therapeutic efficacy of the new beta-lactam antibiotic, temocillin, was studied in 30 critically ill patients with peritonitis, abscesses, bronchopneumonia, and serious soft tissue infections. Patients were treated with temocillin Ig intravenously twice daily. The isolated pathogens comprised mainly Escherichia coli and Proteus, but enterococci, Pseudomonas species, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Citrobacter species, Bacteroides species, streptococci and peptococci were also implicated. Temocillin was effective in 21/22 patients with peritonitis, as well as in 6/8 patients with long-lasting infections due to temocillin-sensitive pathogens. No adverse reactions to temocillin were observed. The indications for temocillin in patients undergoing abdominal surgery are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Intraoperative pancreas puncture cytology].

In the case of 10 to 15% of surgical patients with a pancreatic disorder an intraoperative diagnosis had to be made when a preoperative diagnosis had not yielded a definite result. Fine needle aspiration biopsy ( FNAB ) of the pancreas provided the basis for intraoperative differentiation of malignant and benign pancreatic processes. 244 pancreatic biopsies were carried out in 100 patients. It was possible to make a statement in 99% of the cases, with 65 malignant and 35 benign changes. In 83% the cytological diagnosis was correct; the method yielded incorrect-negative results in 7% of the cases. In 9% the presence of tumour cells was only suspected. There were no incorrect positive cancer diagnoses. FNAB caused no postoperative complications. Intraoperative bleeding after FBAB had to be stopped with a suture in one case. Transitory, asymptomatic hyperamylasemy must be expected in 25% of the patients after FNAB . This diagnostic technique is recommended in preference to the histological tissue removal methods because of its low risk factor. At least 2 biopsies of the suspect area with 2 smears are required, as a training in this diagnostic technique.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1983

[Computerized tomogram following pancreatic resection].

After partial or total pancreatic resection displacement of abdominal organs, alterated bile- and food passage as well as pathological signs may be observed. In this serie scar-tissue was no problem in the differential diagnosis. Tumor recurrency can be demonstrated quite easily if follow-up examinations are available. Artifacts may influence the interpretation and can be the cause of a false negative reading.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1982

[Parenteral nutrition in surgery preparation in large intestinal diseases. Indication, procedure and results].

The basic problem of colonic surgery is the high septic risk. Especially chronic inflammatory diseases are marked by a high periintestinal infection rate. In addition, there are catabolisms with negative protein balance and immunologic deficiency. In order to avoid there factors the principle of withdrawal of the intestinal function has been applied. Patients are put on a balanced high-caloric and completely absorable diet (2,400-3,600 cal) using a thin duodenal tube for several weeks. Depending on the initial condition the alimentation is carried out in some patients parenterally or as a supplement. From 1966 to 1981 240 patients with ulcerative and granulomatous inflammatory diseases of the colon were operated on at the Surgical Department of the University Hospital Hamburg. Using this preparation the rate of infection decreased from 54 to 14%, and the mortality resulting from septic complications from 13 to 0.8%. The main achievement of withdrawal of the intestinal function is the reduction of extraintestinal secondary infection which is responsible for the septic complications.

Colitis, Ulcerative↗
PubMed1982

[Perforations of the oesophagus (author's transl)].

The different reasons for perforations of the oesophagus are listed with their preferential locations. A survey is given on the necessary x-ray diagnostics including computed tomography according to the clinical signs. Examples of the characteristic x-ray findings and follow-up are demonstrated with their relation to the surgical possibilities.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[New possibilities to improve ileostomy-function by extremely high water-binding substances (author's transl)].

When an ileostoma is performed on rats, they usually die as a result of cachexia, which is caused by poor utilization of ingesta on account of rapid intestinal transit times. Assuming that oral administration of hydrophilic substances would prolong this transit and thereby the time of survival, rats with an ileostoma were fed a newly developed organic monomer. Its capacity to bind water is about 100 times its own weight. This substance was supplemented with standard diet of different concentrations. A much firmer fecal consistency resulted when 33% monomer was added to the diet. Animals fed a diet containing 50% monomer produced well-formed feces. There was no difference in survival time of the animals on a normal diet. furthermore, administration of a special hypercaloric diet did not cause a prolonged survival time. The reasons and possible therapeutic implications for patients with an ileostoma are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Mesenteric cysts (author's transl)].

Mesenteric cysts belong to the rare abdominal diseases. Histomorphologically, they are classified as cystic lymphangiomas. Even though most frequently localized in the mesentery of the small intestine, they can originate from any part of the abdominal cavity with two peritoneal linings. The content of the cysts is either serous or chylous possessing immunologic active proteins. This is demonstrated by its highly antibacterial activity. Whereas in children the onset of symptoms is acute due to intestinal obstruction, in adults it is mainly chronic abdominal pains without exact localisation and often in combination with a longstanding palpable tumour. In addition to routine procedure the diagnostics includes sonography, cavography and barium meal radiography of the stomach and intestines. In some cases, especially those with solid parts angiography and computer-tomography are of additional value. Surgery is the therapeutic method of choice. Preference is given to enucleation and resection with or without removal of part of the intestine corresponding to the mesentery baring the cyst. Drainage methods are of historical interest only. In our 9 cases (3 children and 6 adults) resection was performed in 7 and enucleation in 2 cases. The postoperative courses were uneventful.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Diazonium derivatives of ADP for the identification of essential amino acid side chains in the active site of dehydrogenases].

For affinity labeling of NAD-dependent dehydrogenases, dinucleotide analogs were prepared by connecting nitrobenzene or nitrobenzimidazole systems with adenosine diphosphate. The distance between the two parts of the molecule was varied by insertion of propyl, butyl and pentyl chains or ribose. Reduction of the nitro group with hydrazine/Raney nickel yielded the corresponding amino derivatives which were converted to the diazonium salts by nitrous acid. Due to specific linking of ADP moiety to dehydrogenases, the reactive diazonium group combines with nucleophilic amino acid side chains in the active centre of dehydrogenases, the enzymatic activity of which was protected by NAD and NADH. Fluorescence titration experiments proved a linear correlation between incorporation of nucleotide anhydride, residual activity and remaining NADH capacity of the enzymes. The different modified amino acids showed characteristic absorption bands which allowed the identification of the reacting group as well as the estimation of the stoichiometry of the reaction. The latter could be estimated by titration of the enzyme with the diazonium salt. Only in a few cases was the spectrophotometric identification of the modified amino acid side chain uncertain. This fact required enzymatic degradation of the protein followed by electrophoresis and amino acid analysis.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1980

[Sonography and computer tomography for follow-up of carcinoma of the pancreas (author's transl)].

Follow-up of 20 patients with incurable carcinoma of the pancreas is described, who were treated with palliative chemo- or radiotherapy. It was concluded that the course of the disease can be adequately followed by sonography and CT. Control of palliative therapy can be achieved by non-invasive means with little stress to the patient. Whether the attempt to do so is justifiable depends on the success of modern forms of treatment.

Humans↗