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Biomedical subjects

M Petrillo

Publications and source records attributed to M Petrillo.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Gastroscopy in elderly patients.

The results of oesophago-gastro-duodenoscopy in 630 consecutive elderly patients, age 65 years or over, were reviewed in order to asses the efficacy, safety and acceptability of the technique in this age group. The study showed that the use of endoscopy is attended by relatively few contra-indications, that considerations restricting its use are also relatively few, and that endoscopy can be invaluable in confirming or refuting the diagnosis of malignancy and in detecting bleeding lesions. It was also shown that, in this age group, the use of endoscopy can be of vital importance in expanding or qualifying radiological data. Special attention was paid to gastric lesions caused by anti-inflammatory treatment. The overall incidence in this series was 37%, and this correlated very closely with the incidence of 31% previously documented by the same authors in a middle-aged population of rheumatic patients. It is concluded that endoscopy is of indisputable value in facilitating the diagnosis and treatment of gastro-intestinal disorders in the elderly.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Circulating trypsin-like immunoreactivity in chronic pancreatitis.

The present study has been designed to work out the factors regulating the fasting serum levels of trypsin-like immunoreactivity in chronic pancreatitis. One hundred patients with chronic pancreatitis have been included and studied during a painless phase of the disease. No relationships have been observed between serum trypsin-like immunoreactivity and the presence of pancreatic calcifications. Serum immunoreactive trypsin levels showed a gradual decline parallel to the progressive impairment of bicarbonate and enzyme (trypsin and chymotrypsin) outputs in duodenal aspirates during pancreatic secretory studies. Therefore, serum trypsin-like immunoreactivity levels are thought to reflect the functional capacity of the exocrine pancreas. Reduced levels of trypsin-like immunoreactivity were detected in almost all patients with diabetes and steatorrhea. However, the finding of low levels also in a minority of chronic pancreatitis patients with normal endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography or pancreatic secretory tests points to other factors which, in addition to the atrophy of the pancreatic parenchyma, may influence the circulating levels of trypsin-like immunoreactivity in chronic pancreatitis.

Antigens↗
PubMed1981

Placebo controlled studies with ranitidine in duodenal ulcer.

171 duodenal ulcer patients were treated for four weeks with either ranitidine or placebo under double-blind conditions. 40 patients (monocentre study) received ranitidine (40 mg), or placebo t.d.s. with meals and 80 mg at bedtime. 131 patients (multicentre study) received ranitidine (150 mg), or placebo b.d. In the monocentre study endoscopy after 4 weeks of treatment showed complete healing in 83.3% of the ranitidine patients and 30.4% of those on placebo (P less than 0.01%). In the multicentre study the healing percentages were 79.4% and 30.4%, respectively (P less than 0.001). In both trials pain and antacid consumption decreased in patients taking ranitidine more than in patients on placebo. After 4 weeks in the double blind studies 13 of the 15 patients with unhealed ulcer in the monocentre study and 51 of 54 patients in the multicentre study received open treatment with ranitidine for another 4 week period. The overall healing percentages by the 8th week of treatment with ranitidine were 94.4% and 93.6% respectively. No serious side effects, or haematological changes were observed during the treatment with ranitidine.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1980

The use of rociverine as premedication for endoscopy of the upper gastro-intestinal tract: a double-blind controlled clinical trial.

The effect of rociverine (10 or 20 mg given intravenously) as premedication in upper gastro-intestinal tract endoscopy was examined and compared to that of hyoscine butylbromide (20 or 40 mg given i.v.) in a double-blind study involving 121 patients. The drugs' effects were assessed on the degree of opening of the pyloric sphincter and the endoscopist's rating of drug performance. The study showed that rociverine did not differ statistically from the reference drug on either count. No adverse effects were noted.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Maintenance treatment of recurrent duodenal ulceration with pirenzepine.

Twenty-eight patients with healed duodenal ulcer completed a 12-month double-blind trial to compare the effects of pirenzepine (25 mg twice daily) and placebo on the prevention of duodenal ulcer relapse. Seven of those on pirenzepine had endoscopically proven recurrent ulcer within a mean of 5 months, while 9 of those on placebo had one after a mean of 5.7 months (n.s.). No untoward effects which could be attributed to the drug were observed during the whole period of treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Pirenzepine in duodenal ulcer. A multicentre double-blind controlled clinical trial, First of two parts.

Eighty-four patients with endoscopically-proved active duodenal ulcer were admitted to a multicentre double-blind trial with either pirenzepine tablets (25 mg three times per day for 1 week followed by 25 mg two times per day for 3 weeks) or placebo. Seventy-nine patients completed the trial, 44 treated with pirenzepine and 35 with placebo. After 4 weeks, complete healing had been achieved in 52% of the pirenzepine-treated patients and in 34% of the placebo-treated ones. Symptomatic responses were signigicantly better in those receiving pirenzepine than in those receiving placebo. In addition, the supplementary antacid consumption was significantly lesser in the pirenzepine group than in the placebo group. No important side-effects were observed in the two groups.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Pirenzepine in duodenal ulcer. A multicentre double-blind controlled clinical trial. Second of two parts.

Ninety-six patients with endoscopically proved active duodenal ulcers were admitted to a multicentre double-blind trial with either pirenzepine (100 mg/day, 25 mg in the morning and midday and 50 mg at bed time) or placebo for 4 weeks. Ninety-two patients (46 in each group) completed the trial. After 4 weeks, complete healing had been achieved in 70% of the pirenzepine-treated patients and in 32% of the placebo-treated ones (P less than 0.01). No important side-effects and no abnormal changes in blood values or urinalysis were observed during treatment. The difference in the ulcer healing rates observed in the two parts of this multicentre trial is briefly discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Pirenzepine and carbenozolone in gastric ulcer. Preliminary results of a multicentre double-blind controlled clinical trial.

Pirenzepine (PRZ) 75 mg/day for 1 week followed by 50 mg/day for 3 weeks did not show a good activity in gastric ulcer healing in comparison to carbenoxolone (CB) (300 mg/day for 1 week followed by 200 mg/day for 3 weeks). The tolerability of PRZ seemed to be better than that of CB. The increase in the daily dose of PRZ to 100 mg/day for 4 weeks led to better results in the patients who have completed satisfactorily the treatment up to now. PRZ's tolerability was greater than CB's. The results of this study are preliminary to further trial.

Anti-Ulcer Agents↗
PubMed1979

Pirenzepine versus cimetidine in the treatment of duodenal ulcer.

Fifty-five patients with active duodenal ulcer have completed, up to today, a one-month double-blind trial to compare the effects of pirenzepine (150 mg daily), cimetidine (1 g daily) and placebo on the healing of duodenal ulcer. Fifteen (71%) of the 21 patients treated with pirenzepine had healed ulcers compared with 14 (82%) receiving cimetidine (P less than 0.05. In the placebo group there were 7 (41%) healed ulcers. Symptomatic improvement in patients given pirenzepine was as substantial as in cimetidine-treated patients. No adverse effects were noted.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Inhibition of pentagastrin and insulin-stimulated gastric secretion by pirenzepine in healthy and duodenal ulcer subjects.

The effect of i.v. pirenzepine infusion both on basal and pentagastrin and insulin-stimulated secretion was studied in 19 healthy and duodenal ulcer subjects. Following an overnight fast, gastric juice was collected for 30 minutes prior to the i.v. administration of pirenzepine (16 mg plus 2 mg/h for 2 hours) and the subsequent stimulation of gastric secretion by means of i.v. pentagastrin infusion (6 microgram/kg/h) or i.v. insulin injection (0.2 U/kg). Mean acid output was reduced--in comparison to placebo--by 22% after pentagastrin stimulation and by 34% after insulin stimulation.

Adult↗