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Biomedical subjects

M Pesek

Publications and source records attributed to M Pesek.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Pleural injury and pleurisy-induced progelatinase B/proMMP-9 is associated with markers of neutrophil degranulation.

OBJECTIVE: Progelatinase B/proMMP-9 has recently been identified as an indicator of pleural inflammation, presumably originating from granulocytes. The aim of this study was to verify the origin of progelatinase B by simultaneous estimation of specific markers of neutrophil recruitment and activation in pleural effusions following induced pleurisy and pleural injury. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Sixty-three samples of pleural fluid from patients undergoing therapeutic talc pleurodesis (n = 8) and explorative thoracoscopy (n = 3) collected before and at different time intervals after the intervention were analyzed for progelatinase B and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL)-gelatinase complex by substrate electrophoresis, for myeloperoxidase (MPO) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) by immunoadsorbent sandwich assay, as well as for leukocyte count, C-reactive protein (CRP) and total protein (TP). RESULTS: A significant increase in free and NGAL-complexed progelatinase B, MPO and IL-8 was recorded within 48 h following treatment in all subjects. Progelatinase B was strongly correlated with NGAL-gelatinase complex (r = 0.88, p = 0.001), MPO (r = 0.81, p = 0.001), neutrophil count (r = 0.75, p = 0.01) and IL-8 (r = 0.71, p = 0.001), but not with CRP and TP. CONCLUSIONS: The results support the neutrophil origin of the proenzyme, which confirms progelatinase B as an indicator of a local inflammatory reaction. Quantifying the inflammatory reaction may be helpful in the evaluation of both the technical variants of therapeutic pleurodesis and finer discrimination of paraneoplastic effusions.

Acute-Phase Proteins↗
PubMed2005

Pleural fluids associated with metastatic lung tumors are rich in progelatinase B/proMMP-9.

Gelatinase B/MMP-9 is a member of matrix metalloproteinases with a major role in extracellular matrix degradation, cell proliferation and migration. Its proenzyme form has also been reported in pleural fluids as an inducible species, but its relation to pleural pathology has not yet been fully clarified. The primary goal of this study was to evaluate proMMP-9 as a potential marker for differentiating pleural effusions of both malignant and non-malignant origin. Pleural fluid samples were studied from 194 patients, including tumor etiology in 133 cases, inflammatory disorders in 33, transudates in 12, and unspecified disorders in 16 patients. The concentrations of proMMP-9 were estimated by means of immunoassays and/or by scanning zymography. Samples were also examined for C-reactive protein (CRP). The analysis of proMMP-9 showed significant differences among the etiological groups with the highest concentrations in para-inflammatory exudates, intermediate in para-neoplastic exudates, and the lowest in transudates. However, the analysis of the para-neoplastic group revealed a distinct heterogeneity with a minor portion of fluids reaching values typical for para-inflammatory effusions. A subsequent sorting based on tumor histology showed increased levels particularly in exudates associated with metastatic tumors. Interestingly, proMMP-9 values in general correlated with CRP, a systemic marker of inflammation. Thus, MMP-9 proenzyme appears to complement traditional markers distinguishing pleural fluids of different origin. Yet, the differentiation between paraneoplastic and para-inflammatory exudates must be regarded with caution due to the presence of a high-expressive paraneoplastic sub-population, including effusions associated with metastatic tumors.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMed2003

[Patient survival analysis in surgery of bronchogenic carcinoma from 1986 to 1997].

Surgery is the most effective treatment of lung cancer (LC) in early stage disease (I-IIIa) of non small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). Even in resectable patients there are differences in survival accordingly to some prognostic factors. In 12 years period (1986-1997) there were 363 resected patients, in 350 of them lung cancer was confirmed. This group was analysed according to morphologic types, stages, and sex of patients, co morbidity and the type subsequent adjuvant therapy in relation to survival. Sensitivity and specificity of staging methods were also evaluated as well as the impact of staging accuracy to survival. Epidermoid cancer was found in 193 patients (55%), adenocarcinoma in 124 (36%), large cell-anaplastic type in 29 patients (8%) and small cell lung cancer in 4 patients (1%). Early postoperative mortality is 4%. 5 year after surgical resection survive 26% (90 patients). Other results are given in the text. Surgery of LC remains optimal therapeutic method. Survival of patients after lung resection doesn't change significantly in last years, even that we can use much more better diagnostic methods now. The way for the future seems to be the preoperative chemotherapy and the biologic target therapy. We need more precious staging procedures and more effective adjuvant therapeutic schedules in early as well as more advanced stages.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Risk of lung resections in patients after inductive chemotherapy of non-small cell bronchogenic cancer.

Results of 43 patients who were operated on after chemotherapy in the period 1986-1998 are presented. Authors evaluate the morbidity, mortality and survival. Relatively low mortality and good survival rate is considered to be success. In many patients, without the combination therapy their tumors would have been inoperable and quality of life would be poor.

Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung↗
PubMed1998

Gastric lipoma presenting as upper gastrointestinal obstruction.

A 61-year-old man presented with an upper gastrointestinal obstruction caused by a submucosal gastric lipoma in the prepyloric area. The diagnosis was made coincidentally during his admission for another disease. Gastric resection was performed because of a large lipoma combined with florid gastric ulcers. The frequency of gastric lipoma, its differential diagnosis, means of diagnosis, and treatment are discussed.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1998

Gemcitabine in locally advanced and metastatic non-small cell lung cancer: the Central European phase II study.

The efficacy and toxicity profile of gemcitabine was evaluated in this phase II study of chemonaive patients with locally advanced and metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Eighty patients (62 males, 18 females) were entered into this study. The disease stage was IIIA in ten patients, IIIB in 32, and IV in 38 patients. The median age was 61 (range 41 - 78). Karnofsky performance status was > or = 80 in 88% of patients. All patients were chemonaive, but five patients had received prior radiotherapy and 34 patients had undergone prior surgery. Gemcitabine 1250 mg/m2 was given as a 30-min intravenous infusion on days 1, 8, and 15 of a 28-day cycle. Patients received up to nine cycles (median three cycles). Of 872 doses 815 (93%) were administered without dose delay or modification. Of the 80 patients enrolled, 76 were evaluable for efficacy analysis, and 16 patients had a partial response for an overall response rate of 21.1% (95% CI, 11.9-30.3%). A further 47 patients (61.8%) had stable disease. Partial responses were seen in eight of 41 stage III patients (19.5%) and in eight of 35 stage IV patients (22.9%). The median time to progressive disease was 4.6 months. Median survival for all 80 patients was 7.1 months. Haematological toxicity was mild with grade 3 4 neutropenia in 6.3% of patients, grade 3 thrombocytopenia in 3.8% of patients, and grade 3 anaemia in 2.5% of patients. Grade 3 non-laboratory toxicity was: somnolence (1.3% of patients), infection (1.3%), nausea and vomiting (6.4%) and dyspnoea (5.1%). This study confirms that single-agent gemcitabine is active in advanced NSCLC and its well-tolerated safety profile makes it particularly suited to outpatient use.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1998

[A rare case of bronchial mucoepidermoid tumor].

The authors describe a rare case of a mucoepidermoid bronchial tumour in a young patient. The main clinical manifestation was relapsing bronchopneumonia behind the stenosis. The authors analyze in detail the histological characteristics of the tumour and its behaviour and present a review of the literature.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Survival after surgery for bronchogenic carcinoma in relation to blood transfusion].

The authors observed 143 patients operated on for lung cancer over a period of five years. In 85 patients, who received a blood transfusion, the authors evaluated the relationship between the amount of blood transfused at the time before and after the operation and the localisation and TNM classification of the tumour, the operative procedure and the age of the patient. In a detailed statistical analysis the authors evaluated the long-term survival rates of patients with and without blood transfusions. Surprisingly, there were no essential differences in the amount of blood transfused, neither in various localisations of the tumour nor in the variously advanced T, N, M stages nor in the most frequent technical complications during surgery. All the 16 patient who received more than 1000 ml of blood died within 18 months after the operation. In spite of this fact the authors were not able to prove statistically significant differences in the long-term survival of patients with and without blood transfusion.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Adjuvant therapy of lung cancer].

The authors evaluated in a retrospective investigation the effectiveness of adjuvant postoperative chemotherapy (ChT) and radiotherapy (RT), as compared with surgery alone, according to morphological types and stages of cancer lung (CaP). In a group of 321 patients 143 were treated by operation alone, 36 by operation and RT and 53 by operation and ChT. ChT involved administration of Cyclophosphamide, 30 mg/kg, at three-week intervals, some of the patients were also given vincaalkaloids. Therapy was repeated after 6-month intervals. According to the gross mortality data the probability of survival (PP) was compared by Kaplan-Meier's method. Improved PP was proved in patients with small cell lung cancer (MbCa) treated by operation and ChT and in third-stage disease treated by adjuvant ChT. In stage I of CaP adjuvant ChT and RT cause deterioration of the perspective of survival, as compared with operation alone and in stage II adjuvant ChT and RT are no advantage. The authors recommend adjuvant ChT in patients with surgically treated small-cell carcinoma and in stage III of operated CaP. They draw attention to the different response of tumours to adjuvant ChT and RT according to types and stages of CaP, to the fact that RT does not prolong the survival and to the possibility of preoperative ChT and RT in some types and stages of CaP.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed1990

[Cryocoagulation in the treatment of bronchial tumors].

From 1987 to 1989 22 men and one woman with morphologically certified tumors of the lungs were symptomatically treated with cryocoagulation. The cryoequipment KNF 4/5 with 30 W freezing capacity was used. After treatment in 20 out of 22 patients an objective improvement could be observed. A significant increase of spirographically measured vital capacity was found. Control observations of the results after treatment using a densitographic investigation of the regional distribution of the ventilation included the advantage that valuable informations concerning the effect of the treatment were received without further burden for the patient.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

[Effectiveness and reliability of preoperative studies in patients with lung cancer].

The data of documentation of 267 operatively treated patients with lung cancer are shown in a retrospective study. The patients were treated in the clinic for tuberculosis and respiratory diseases of the faculty hospital Plzen. In 50% of the cases the results of histological and cytological examinations correspond with the surgical observations. Results of the pneumomediastinography and the computed tomography of the lung and mediastinum correspond with findings through the operation in 71% and 73% respectively. Through out the last three years the reliability of the cytological diagnosis was increased significantly (p less than 0.01).

Biopsy↗
PubMed1989

[Results of surgical treatment of pulmonary carcinoma in patients over 60 years of age].

The authors submit an analysis of patients operated in 1972-1982 at the First Surgical Clinic, Faculty of General Medicine, Charles University Prague. The group of patients was divided into those under 65 years and those above this age. The effect of the patients' age on the postoperative course was investigated, the survival of the two groups was compared, the causes of early postoperative deaths, the extent of the disease and histological type of tumour were evaluated. In was revealed that the risk of early postoperative death within one month is greater in patients above 65 years where it is 19.6%, as compared with 11.3% in the younger group. The risk increases in particular in patients above 70 years where it is as high as 26%. There is no fundamental difference in the causes of death between the two groups. The highest percentage of operated patients dies from embolism (40% and 42% in the patients above 65 years), the second place is held by inflammatory pulmonary complications which are somewhat more frequent in patients of the younger age group (24% as compared with 15% in the older patients). The survival curves of patients who had a radical operation in stage I and II of the neoplastic disease are almost identical and there is no significant difference in the survival of the two groups. In the group under 65 years 30% survive five years, in the older group 25%. The ratio of differentiated types of lung cancer, i.e. adenocarcinoma and epidermoid carcinoma is equal in both groups, contrary to small-cell carcinoma which was recorded in 6% in the older patients, as compared with 15% in the younger ones.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1987

Lung cancer growing around a silicotic nodule.

The authors report on a patient, working for 17 years in ceramic industry, in whom simple silicosis was revealed in 1977. In 1985 the disease progressed and a nodule-like opacity in the left upper lung lobe was detected. After one year of further progression cavitation was found. Suspected cancer was confirmed cytologically by discovering epidermoid cancer cells in the lavage from the growing around the silicotic nodule. Lobectomy was performed, the postoperative course being without complications.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Diagnosis and treatment of mediastinal cyst using transparietal needle aspiration.

The authors present a case report on a 60-year-old female patient suffering from benign mediastinal cyst, arterial hypertension and porphyria. CT-guided transparietal fine-needle punction was done simultaneously as a diagnostic and a therapeutic procedure. Partial regression of the cyst was still apparent at the check CT investigation after six months. The examination of the level of immunoglobulins in the fluid obtained during transparietal punction confirms the diagnosis of bronchogenic cyst.

Biopsy, Needle↗