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Biomedical subjects

M Perrez

Publications and source records attributed to M Perrez.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

[Questionnaire on coping with current stress].

The stress and coping process questionnaire ("UBV") is a new situation-reaction instrument aiming at the multidimensional assessment of components and processes of stress and coping behavior. The subject evaluates on different scales his/her situation appraisals, emotional reactions, coping objectives and coping behaviors in relation to prototypical stressful situations as presented in three stages (begin, continuation, and positive or negative outcome). The article gives a summary of theoretical foundations of the questionnaire, its structure and scales, and a number of reliability and validity studies. The results of the studies suggest a great variety of possible applications of the questionnaire (which offers also preliminary stanine-norms) as in the clinical domain (e.g. anxiety disorders) as in the domain of health psychology. The instrument provides also intervention-oriented informations and applies to the evaluation of stress and coping treatment programs. It is available in a german, english and french version.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1993

[An analysis of the correlation between trait related anger variables of the STAXI and situational anger reaction in an anger experiment].

In our study we investigated the relationship between anger variables, which are supposed to be stable, and situational variables measured in an experimental setting (EISI-experiment: Experimentally induced stress in dyadic interactions). The correlations of questionnaire data (STAXI: State-trait-anger expression inventory) with self-reported and observed emotions in the anger experiment are presented. Furthermore, we discuss emotional reactions also under the perspective of buffering effects of attributions, that were stimulated during a failure situation in our experiment. Based on the theory of Weiner, we examined the influence of attribution processes on emotional behavior. The effects of this variation are especially interesting under the aspect of the anger process during the experiment. Persons with a low anger-trait are more stimulated by attribution processes than are subjects with high anger-trait scores. Apparently persons with low anger-trait scores get angrier when their cognitive interpretations of the negative outcome is stimulated. These findings are theoretically discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Experimentally-induced stress in dyadic interactions. Presentation of the EISI (experimentally-induced stress in dyadic interactions) experiment].

In this article we present an experimental study (EISI-experiment: experimental induced stress in dyadic interaction), which focuses on a method for analysing individual and dyadic stress-experience and coping as well as its influence on dyadic interaction. The experiment offers a new diagnostic approach to analyse interaction processes under stress. We report the concept of our experimental design and show some first results. The findings suggest that our method is useful for the examination of stress phenomena in close relationships. It allows the investigation of interactional processes and in this context especially of "dyadic coping", a form of stress-management by couples.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1991

Computer-aided self-observation psychological stressors in an ICU.

We have developed a procedure for a computer-aided self-observation method in stressful situations. Staff members of an ICU recorded their experiences on a computer placed in the ICU, immediately after having experienced a stressful event. The computer asked for and stored psychologically relevant information about cognitive, affective and behavioural aspects. An external stress memory of an ICU was established, allowing a personal/institution-orientated stress diagnosis to be made on the basis of 192 episodes. Sixteen nurses in an intensive care unit in a Swiss hospital used this methodology for 12 weeks. One hundred and ninety-two stressful events were recorded (12 episodes per person), forming a good sample of the stressful episodes for the unit. To the same 16 nurses and 31 nurses at the same hospital (N total = 47) the Nursing Stress Scale was administered. The results from both groups showed that problems dealing with death and work load were predominant. Nurse characteristics such as levels of training (unskilled, skilled) and experience (number of years working as a nurse) were analysed by different statistical procedures and related to their stress experience.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1991

[Mood and body image of women after surgery for breast cancer].

The purpose of the following study is an intensive, longitudinal assessment of psychophysical well-being, stress and stress development after breast cancer diagnosis and surgery. 15 patients were investigated by means of a semistructured diary guiding to systematic daily self-observation during the first ninety days after primary treatment. Although the general trend over time is positive, the results show a considerable variability in the development of mood and body states which cannot exhaustively be explained by medical parameters. The experience of stress is often related to somatic disorders and adjuvant treatment. The results afford an insight in the psychological characteristics of this difficult period and may help to support the patient's rehabilitation more efficiently.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1990

[Effects of repression and sensitization on self observation and coping with stress].

The influence of repression-sensitization as a two-dimensional concept (trait anxiety and defensiveness) on stress and coping behavior in daily life is studied. N = 60 students were trained to use a computer-aided self-observation system (COMES) and to protocol their stressful episodes. The results reveal only few effects of the 4 defense modes (assessed by STAI trait anxiety and social desirability scale SDS) on stress and coping behavior in the field: Sensitizers recorded more negative emotions and stronger connections between their stressful episodes. There were no differences in reported coping tendencies (e.g. control of attention) and effectiveness. During self-observation, repressors slightly changed their behavior toward non-defensiveness, a possible effect of self-observation specific to the defense mode. In general, we observed only few changes in the course of the self-observation which can be interpreted as reactivity effects of the method. The results are discussed in the light of the R-S concept referring to daily life stressors and in relation to different assessment methods (questionnaires vs. trained self-observation in the field).

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1978

[Experimental study concerning the psychological preparation to parturition (author's transl)].

The following study reports an application to primae gravidae of two different psychological treatments aiming at reducing the fear of childbearing and facilitating the delivery. The treatments under comparison were systematic desensitization and modification of self instruction, a more cognitive approach. The effects of the two treatments proved to be identical; nevertheless there were significant differences between the results of the women who underwent treatment and those of the control group. Moreover, in our study a certain number of socioeconomic factors turned out to be correlated with the treatment effects.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The inducers of stress in a hospital department].

The stress level of general medical ward (18), intensive care (15) and emergency department nurses (13) was measured with a questionnaire. For 13 intensive care and 3 emergency department nurses stress level was measured also with a computerized system (COMES). Main sources of stress among nursing personnel are death and dying, and workload. There are no differences between full time and part time nurses and apparently intensive care and emergency department nurses do not experience more stress than general medical ward nurses.

Adaptation, Psychological↗