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Biomedical subjects

M Pereira

Publications and source records attributed to M Pereira.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Effects of prenatal nutritional supplementation on the placenta: report of a randomized controlled trial.

Protein and nucleic acid content, and RNase levels were measured in placentas collected at birth in a randomized controlled trial of prenatal nutritional supplementation in New York City. These biochemical indices were explored to understand better the effects of nutritional supplementation. (With high-protein supplements, gross measures had shown no improvement in outcome at birth and adverse effects on fetal growth, prematurity, and newborn survival; with balanced protein-calorie supplements, there was a nonsignificant rise in birth weight and longer gestation.) The biochemical indices were in general somewhat weakly related to fetal growth measures. Significant effects of nutritional treatment on the indices were minimal, and added no information that could account for gross effects observed in the fetus.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1982

Tricyclic antidepressants in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease.

Doxepin hydrochloride was given to 12 patients with duodenal ulcer and one patient with an anastomotic ulcer. The dose of doxepin hydrochloride was 100 mg at bedtime, except in patients receiving hemodialysis, where only 50 mg at bedtime was given. Eight patients, including the four receiving hemodialysis, has not responded to treatment after eight weeks of cimetidine and/or antacid therapy. All patients (except one where a minor erosion was left in the duodenum) responded, and healing of the ulcer was demonstrated by endoscopy after four to six weeks of treatment. In two patients the ulcer recurred in four to eight weeks after discontinuation of doxepin therapy; however, ulcers healed after four weeks when therapy was reintroduced. Five previously untreated patients with duodenal ulcer were also given the same treatment. Four healed six weeks after starting doxepin therapy. In one patient the dose of doxepin hydrochloride had to be raised to 150 mg for complete healing.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Diagnosis of occult gastrointestinal lesions by stool guaiac testing in a geriatric hospital.

In a long-term care facility, the fecal guaiac test for occult blood was used as a screening method to detect gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding lesions. The study involved 450 chronically ill hospitalized patients whose average age was 70 years. Each underwent 6 fecal guaiac tests for three consecutive days while receiving a standardized meat-free, high-fiber diet. The 21 patients in whom the fecal hemoccult test yielded positive findings were further studied with x-ray upper GI series, barium enema, and fiberoptic examination of the upper and lower GI tract when necessary. In 4.7 percent of this population, the guaiac test gave positive results, which usually involved only 1 or 2 of the 6 guaiac slides. On further study it was found that 2 patients had large-bowel tumors, 5 had duodenal ulcers, 1 had gastric cancer, and 7 had diverticulosis. The incidence of colon cancer in this population was the same as that reported in other studies, but the incidence of duodenal ulcers was high. In 20 of the 21 patients with positive test findings, a lesion of the GI tract was found. The therapeutic implications of such screening are important. This study emphasizes the value of routine fecal hemoccult testing of whole institutional populations once or twice a year.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

An assessment of a microcolumn chromatographic method for the measurement of haemoglobin A1.

A microcolumn method for the measurement of haemoglobin A1 (Hb A1) was assessed . The between assay coefficient of variation was less than 4%. Factors influencing the assay are discussed. Fluoride oxalated blood was found to be unsuitable for Hb A1 assay. Hb A1 in whole heparinised blood was found to be stable for nine days at 4 degrees C and for longer if buffered dextrose was added to the sample. The possibility of artefactual lowering of the Hb A1 value by the selective loss of older red cells was investigated.

Blood Preservation↗
PubMed1980

[Not Available].

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Germany↗
PubMed1980

Campylobacter colitis presentin as inflammatory bowel disease with segmental colonic ulcerations.

Campylobacter fetus subspecies have recently been recognized as an important cause of diarrheal illness in humans. We report a case of culture positive C. fetus colitis with colonoscopic findings of segmental mucosal edema, loss of normal vascular pattern with ulceration, and patchy involvement of mucosa. These colonoscopic findings were similar to those seen in granulomatous colitis. However, these findings may be difficult to distinguish from a number of other colonic mucosal diseases such as antibiotic-associated colitis, amebiasis, shigellosis, salmonellosis, invasive E. coli colitis, and ischemic colitis. On histopathologic examination of the mucosa, acute and chronic colitis with crypt abscess formation, mucosal atrophy, and mucous depletion was found which suggested the diagnosis of chronic ulcerative colitis. Cryptitis and crypt abscess are not specific to chronic ulcerative colitis alone and can be seen in many nongranulomatous inflammations of the colonic mucosa. Therapy with erythromycin led to prompt clinical improvement, clearance of the pathogen, and normalization of the colon by repeat examination 11 days after the initiation of the therapy.

Campylobacter Infections↗
PubMed1978

Influenza surveillance.

THE MAIN OBJECTIVES OF INFLUENZA SURVEILLANCE ARE: to measure the impact of the disease by collection and analysis of epidemiological information on morbidity and mortality, and to anticipate future epidemics and pandemics by the collection and analysis of influenza viruses. The World Health Organization's influenza programme is based on the collaboration of 98 national influenza centres in 70 countries and the 2 WHO Collaborating Centres in Atlanta and London.Epidemiological information may be based on morbidity figures derived from a variety of sources such as returns from physicians or hospitals; mortality statistics or new claims for sickness benefit; school or industrial absenteeism, etc.The laboratory aspects of influenza epidemiology are certainly more uniformly covered than the statistical aspects. Since the advent of the A/Hong Kong/1/68 (H3N2) influenza virus A subtype there have been a number of variants with antigenic "drift" but only three succeeded in causing widespread epidemics: A/England/42/72, A/Port Chalmers/1/73, and A/Victoria/3/75. In 1972, the influenza B virus also showed some antigenic "drift", the new variants being characterized by B/Hong Kong/5/72.Whenever a new variant appears, the degree of protection afforded to the population by the available vaccine is assessed. In the light of these data, WHO publishes annually in the Weekly epidemiological record recommendations formulated by the WHO Collaborating Centres on vaccine composition.

Disease Outbreaks↗
PubMed1975

DNA synthesis involving a complexes form of DNA polymerase I in extracts of Escherichia coli.

DNA polymerase I (EC 2.7.7.7; deoxynucleosidetriphosphate:DNA deoxynucleotidyltransferase) has been recovered as a complex of about 390,000 molecular weight. The complex displays an ATP-stimulated DNA-synthesizing activity that prefers native to heat-denatured DNA. Genetic evidence indicates that the recBC enzyme is associated with the polymerase in the complex. Preliminary evidence for complexes involving DNA polymerases II and III is also presented.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1972

R. v Payne.

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Forensic Medicine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Phagocytic activity mediated via Fc gamma R, Fc mu R, and CR3 and H2O2 release during ontogeny of mouse macrophages.

Mouse macrophage phagocytic activity was studied during ontogenetic development by comparing the abilities of infant and adult mouse macrophages to ingest opsonized particles via Fc gamma R, Fc mu R, or CR3. These studies were performed on resident, BCG-, and thioglycollate-stimulated peritoneal macrophages. The percent of ingestion and the index of maximal phagocytosis mediated via Fc gamma R is lower in infant than in adult mouse macrophages. However, the adherence mediated by Fc gamma R is similar to that seen with adult cells. Similar results were obtained when phagocytosis was mediated via Fc mu R or CR3, reaching adult levels during ontogenetic development. We also studied the age-dependent release of H2O2 by peritoneal cells before and after incubation with phorbol myristate acetate. Interestingly, the capacity of peritoneal cells from infant animals to generate H2O2 after BCG infection is similar to that observed in adult mice. Our results suggest that the adherence and phagocytosis mediated by Fc gamma R, although at lower levels than in adults, and the production of microbicidal H2O2 may be relevant for mouse survival during the first days of life.

Age Factors↗