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Biomedical subjects

M Peghini

Publications and source records attributed to M Peghini.

43 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Present aspects of peritoneal tuberculosis in Africa (study of 77 cases) (author's transl)].

77 cases of peritoneal tuberculosis recorded in Africa are reported. Ascitic peritonitis is the most frequent clinical form (64 cases). Laparoscopy is the main way, especially in tropical countries, to establish rapidly the diagnosis. Peritoneal white granulations, associated or not to adherences or to a vascular congestion, supported that diagnosis in 68 cases. Laparoscopy allows peritoneal and hepatic biopsies. Systematic peritoneal biopsy was not possible and was performed in 25 patients only with typical tuberculous pathologic lesions in 88 p. 100 of these cases. Hepatic needle biopsy demonstrated the existence of tuberculous follicles in 29.8 p. 100 of the cases and in 12 cases associated lesions such as a macronodular cirrhosis were observed. In spite of a specific treatment 2 patients died of tuberculous dissemination. Control after a long delay was not possible.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[57 cases of infectious endocarditis: diagnosis, clinical course, prognostic factors].

Through a retrospective study on 57 patients, the authors have studied the diagnosis signs, the clinical course, and the factors which affect the prognosis of bacterial endocarditis. Echocardiography has allowed them to establish a diagnosis with 72 p.c. of cases and the bacteriological investigations with 42 p.c. Out of these endocarditides, 39 were found on natural valves, 6 were associated with congenital cardiopathies, 9 followed the replacement of a valvula, and 3 were associated with endomyocardial fibrosis. Cardiac insufficiency (56 p.c.), and renal insufficiency (24 p.c.) were prevailing. The discussion turns on the diagnosis factors and the factors involved in the prognosis. Considering that the death rates were 64 p.c. with the patients who had undergone medical treatment and 14 p.c. with those who had undergone operations, the relevance of the surgical treatment has been emphasized.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Gastric tuberculosis. Apropos of a recent case report recorded in Abidjan].

The authors describe a case of gastric tuberculosis in a 23 years old African patient from Abidjan. Symptomatology included epigastralgia, post prandial vomiting, severe impoverishment of health state and dehydration. Endoscopy showed a pseudopolypoid diffuse gastritis with an infiltrated like mucosa. Endoscopic biopsy was carried out, but, because of clinical aggravation (epigastric muscular defense), the patient underwent a laparotomy before knowing the results of the biopsy. Gastrotomy showed an hypertrophied granulomatous hemorrhagic mucosa. By histological examination it was concluded in favour of a granulomatous gastritis with pan-parietal tuberculoid lesions without acid-alcohol-fast bacilli. The different causes of granulomatous gastritis were reviewed and a tuberculous etiology suspected. An antituberculous therapy was prescribed with excellent results on clinical and endoscopic standpoint one year after the treatment started.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Liver needle biopsy in evolutive tuberculosis of adult Africans. Report on 142 cases (author's transl)].

Liver needle-biopsy has been routinely performed in 142 Africans, above 10 years, and affected by tuberculosis with various localizations. It gave evidence of specific tuberculous lesions in more than 28,8 p. 100 of the cases and isolated non specific lesions in 40,8 p. 100, the liver parenchyme being normal in 33 p. 100 of the cases. These data are not much different from those obtained in Europe and Senegal in similar conditions of study. This extension of the tuberculous infection has two origins: the much most frequent is relevant to a secundary localization, the other includes the very rare primitive and autonomous forms.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Prevalence of diabetes mellitus and glucose tolerance abnormality in Melanesians and subjects of Polynesian descent in the rural areas of New Caledonia and at Ouvea (Loyalty Islands)].

The screening of different ethnic groups who live in the same natural system have enabled the authors to study interaction between genetic and environmental factors as a part of etiology of diabetes mellitus. In New Caledonian country areas, the prevalences of glucose tolerance abnormality (GTA) and diabetes mellitus (DM) have been higher with people of polynesian descent than with Melanesians. GTA 7.6 p. ct. versus 5.1 p. ct. DM 6.5 p. ct. versus 2.2 p. ct. The prevalence of these combined diseases have been 14 p. ct. with the Polynesians and 7.2 p. ct. with Melanesians. These two ethnic groups have shown mean ages and obesity rates similar enough to lead the authors to deny these two factors a major part in the difference between the ethnic prevalences of DM. Besides, the mean plasmatic glycemia two hours after a dose of glucose and the relative risk of DM and GTA according to age and obesity rate have shown that the slight differences between these groups are not involved in the different prevalences of DM. This inter-ethnic difference may be due to genetic factors. However, some environment linked factors besides obesity (such as diet and daily life activity) may share a major part in this difference.

Adult↗