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M Payet

Publications and source records attributed to M Payet.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

Docosahexaenoic acid-enriched egg phospholipids supplementation induces accretion of arachidonic acid in rat blood lipids.

Animal and humans studies have shown that supplementation with triacylglycerides containing omega3 fatty acids, mainly docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid, can induce a decrease in arachidonic acid (AA) in blood lipids. Interestingly, we observed in a previous work that a supplementation with DHA enriched eggs in a healthy elderly population induced an accretion of AA in their blood lipids. The present study investigates whether purified DHA enriched egg phospholipids could be responsible for this effect. Four groups of rats were supplemented daily, for eight weeks, with DHA phospholipids (10, 30 or 60 mg/kg) or with soybean phospholipids. Red blood cell membranes and plasma fatty acid levels were compared with that of rats without supplementation. Soybean phospholipids supplementation increased the level of AA in blood lipids but decreased that of DHA. The doses of DHA phospholipids, 30 and 60 mg/kg, induced greater amounts of AA without affecting significantly DHA levels. In contrast, DHA phospholipids supplementation, 10 mg/kg, in which there was the greatest amount of AA, induced only a slight increase in AA levels. Moreover, DHA levels were decreased by this supplementation. These results demonstrate that specific increases in AA levels are preferentially associated with DHA phospholipids levels in supplementation.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

The double-balloon and Inoue techniques in percutaneous mitral valvuloplasty: comparative results in a series of 232 cases.

Immediate hemodynamic results of percutaneous mitral valvuloplasty were compared in two consecutive series of unselected patients from the same institution undergoing valvuloplasty with the double-balloon (161 patients) or the Inoue balloon (71 patients) technique. Before valvuloplasty, the patient series were comparable with regard to average age, gender repartition and most clinical, electrocardiographic, X-ray and hemodynamic variables. Poor anatomic forms of mitral stenosis were equally distributed in both series (41% vs. 45%, p = NS). The magnitude of mitral valve area increase and of mean mitral gradient decrease during percutaneous mitral valvuloplasty did not differ significantly in the Inoue balloon and double-balloon series (mean +/- SEM 1.1 +/- 0.2 to 1.95 +/- 0.5 and 1.0 +/- 0.2 to 1.97 +/- 0.5 cm2, respectively, for mitral valve area and 12 +/- 3 to 5 +/- 2 and 13 +/- 4 to 5 +/- 2 mm Hg, respectively, for mean mitral gradient). Four cases of 3+ mitral regurgitation occurred in the Inoue balloon series and 7 in the double-balloon series (p = NS). A good immediate result--defined as mitral valve area greater than or equal to 1.5 cm2 with greater than or equal to 25% in mitral valve area gain and mitral regurgitation less than 2+ at the end of the procedure--was observed in 78% of patients in both series. Three cases of tamponade due to chamber perforation and 14 cases of transient air embolism in the right coronary system due to balloon rupture were observed in the double-balloon series.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Balloon Occlusion↗
PubMed1991

Percutaneous mitral valvulotomy in non-optimal candidates.

From 1987 to 1990, 215 patients aged 53 +/- 13 years underwent percutaneous mitral valvulotomy in our institution. Mean gradient dropped on average from 13 +/- 4 to 5 +/- 2 mmHg and mitral valve area increased from 1.0 +/- 0.26 to 1.97 +/- 0.5 cm2 at the end of the procedure. Good results, defined as mitral valve area greater than or equal to 1.5 cm2 and mitral regurgitation less than or equal to 2+ at the end of the procedure, were obtained in 78% of the cases. In 41 patients with a poor anatomical form of mitral stenosis, mean gradient decreased from 12 +/- 3 to 6 +/- 6 mmHg and mitral valve area increased from 1.0 +/- 0.3 to 1.7 +/- 0.5 cm2. Good results were obtained in only 50% of the patients. One third of the 3+ mitral regurgitation occurred in this subgroup of patients. In patients with prior surgical commissurotomy, in elderly people and in patients with associated valvulopathy or prosthetic aortic valve, the success rate was similarly low. A significant inverse relationship was found between X-ray and echo scores on the one hand and mitral valve area at the end of the procedure on the other, thus confirming that the results of percutaneous mitral valvulotomy are related to the anatomical form of mitral stenosis. However, patients with poor anatomical forms can undergo the procedure with an acceptable risk compared to benefit ratio.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Percutaneous mitral valvuloplasty by Inoue's technique. Apropos of an experience of 71 cases].

Seventy-one consecutive, unselected patients underwent percutaneous mitral valvuloplasty by Inoue's technique between February and November 1990. The mean age was 53 years (range 32 to 75 years). Fifteen of the 71 patients had previously undergone surgical mitral commissurotomy. Three patients had Björk aortic valve prostheses. The mitral valve surface area increased from 1.1 +/- 0.2 cm2 to 1.95 +/- 0.5 cm2 (p less than 0.01) and the mean transmitral pressure gradient fell from 12 +/- 3 mmHg to 5 +/- 2 mmHg (p less than 0.05). Grade 3+ mitral regurgitation was observed in 4 patients. There were no cases of cardiac perforation or tamponade. The only complications were related to the catheterisation and not to the technique valvuloplasty (one case of prolonged fever which regressed with antibiotic therapy, one case of arteriovenous fistula at the site of femoral artery puncture). The QP/QS ratio was 1.1 +/- 0.2 at the end of the procedure. A QP/QS ratio greater than 1.5 was observed in one patient. A left-to-right shunt was observed in 53% of cases in the immediate post-valvuloplasty period with Doppler color flow imaging. In all, 78% of patients had a satisfactory result (mitral surface area greater than 1.5 cm2 and mitral regurgitation less than or equal to 2/4). These results are identical to those observed with the double balloon technique with a lower rate of complications. The duration of the procedure (104 +/- 13 min p less than 0.02) and of radioscopy (16 +/- 8 min, p less than 0.02) were shorter than with the double balloon technique.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Studies of variations of subcutaneously infused desferrioxamine and iron movements in thalassaemia children.

Desferrioxamine (DFO) plus ferrioxamine (FO) variations and alterations in plasma and urinary iron (Fe) levels were investigated in eight children with thalassaemia major during a 12-h s.c. DFO infusion at a dose of 40 mg/kg body weight. During the infusion, blood samples were regularly taken and total urine was also regularly collected in all patients. In the plasma, a mean DFO plus FO plateau level of 9 mg/l was reached after 4 h and remained steady in the subsequent 8 h. At 30 h the mean DFO plus FO concentration in plasma was still 4.5 mg/l. At 30 h, the urinary excretion ranged from 15% to 70% of the infused dose (mean: 42%). In plasma, the Fe concentration increased on average by 20% (range 10%-30%), remained steady during the DFO infusion, then returned to the basal level after 16-24 h. Urinary Fe excretion started early and still persisted 18 h after the infusion. The amount excreted at 30 h ranged from 5 to 27 mg (mean: 13.6 mg). This study emphasizes the delay in obtaining a DFO plus FO plateau in plasma, the important interindividual variations and the slow decrease of the drug after the end of the infusion. It points out the delay and the values of the urinary Fe excretion compared to the plasmatic and urinary drug variations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[Ambiguities of AIDS].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1978

Hepatitis B antigenaemia on Wuvulu Island.

A survey of the population of Wuvulu Island was undertaken to determine the prevalence of hepatitis B antigenaemia (HBsAg). Seventy-five percent of the population were tested, and 17.7% of those tested were positive for HBsAg. The percentage of positive sera increased with age but declined in the 5th decade of life. There was a marked difference in positivity between the two villages on the island (25.9% and 9.9%) which cannot be explained by several existing hypotheses for HBsAg transmission.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Forecasting the development of primary hepatocellular carcinoma by the use of risk factors: studies in West Africa.

An association between hepatitis B virus (HBV) and primary hepatocellular carcinoma (PHC) has been found in several studies in Africa, Asia, and elsewhere. In this paper we considered the interrelations between several events related to HBV infection, which include the presence of: 1) hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), 2) antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc), 3) antibody to the surface antigen (anti-HBs), 4) chronic liver disease, 5) elevated alpha-fetoprotein, and 6) PHC. With the use of preliminary epidemiologic data, risk factors related to these events were calculated. We suggested that the interactions between these events and HBV infection in parents be used to estimate the risk of PHC for an individual in this environment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Host responses to hepatitis-B infection in patients with primary hepatic carcinoma and their families. A case/control study in Senegal, West Africa.

A case/control study of patients with primary hepatic carcinoma (P.H.C.) and their families was carried out in Dakar, Senegal. 28 P.H.C. cases were matched by age,sex, and ethnic group with 28 controls. Serum was collected from cases, controls, parents (28 mothers, 27 fathers) of cases, parents of controls, 71 siblings of cases, and 58 siblings of controls. Assays of their sera for hepatitis-B surface antigen (HBsAg), antibody to HBsAg (anti-HBs) and antibody to hepatitis-B core antigen (anti-HBc) produced the following results. (1) Nearly all P.H.C. cases (97%) and controls (93%) had some evidence of infection with hepatitis-B virus (H.B.V.), but the cases were more likely to be anti-HBc(+) and less likely to be anti-HBs(+) than the controls. (2) Most of the mothers of the cases were HBsAg(+) (71%), whereas only 14% of the mothers of controls were HBsAg(+). Lover titres of anti-HBs were less common in the mothers of the cases. (3) None of 27 fathers of cases had detectable anti-HBs, but 13 (48%) of the fathers of controls were anti-HBs(+). (4) Siblings of the P.H.C. cases were more likely to have anti-HBs than either their sibs with P.H.C. or the sibs of the controls. However, sibs of P.H.C. cases had lower titres of anti-HBs than the sibs of the controls. These data are consistent with the hypothesis that the P.H.C. cases were infected with H.B.V. by their mothers and that there was an environmental factor which affected the immunological response of all family members to H.B.V. Infection with H.B.V. and the mode of response to that infection among members of families appear to be major factors in the aetiology of P.H.C. in West Africa.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[The relation of infection with the hepatitis B-agent to primary hepatic carcinoma (author's transl)].

In Asia, Africa and other tropical areas primary hepatic carcinoma (PHC) is associated with liver cirrhosis of the post-necrotic (macronodular) type. Chronic viral hepatitis is likely to be the cause of this cirrhosis in many patients from regions where chronic infection with the hepatitis B virus (HBV) is common. More than 95% of patients with hepatoma (in Mali and Senegal) have evidence of infection with HBV, a much higher frequency than in controls. Thirty-nine of 62 PHC patients had hepatitis B surface antigen (HBSAg) (controls: 8 of 98) and 56 of 63 (controls: 26 of 100) had antibody against hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBC). In earlier studies we demonstrated a maternal effect of HBSAg. If the mother has the antigen and the father does not, the children are much more likely to also have HBSAg than if the father has the antigen and the mother does not (93/161 = 57.8% when mother is positive vs. 28/135 = 20.7% when father is positive; p = 0.6 X 10(-10)). Studies in Greece and in the Solomon Islands show that presence of HBSAg in parents affects the sex ratio of the offspring of the mating. This implies that the presence of the agent in a parent can affect the fetus early in life. Parental studies in the African hepatoma patients showed that there is a very high frequency of HBSAg in mothers (71.6%) while the frequency in fathers (18.5%) is significantly less. This suggests that the development of hepatoma in offspring is related to infection in parents. We described a vaccine several years ago which may be useful in preventing infection with hepatitis B. Strategies are discussed which might be effective in preventing the development of carriers with, it is hoped, a consequent decrease in the frequency of HBV carriers, chronic hepatitis and primary hepatic carcinoma. The strategy would employ methods for decreasing the frequency of the agent in the environment by the application of public health methods including the vaccination of appropriate newborns and other members of the population.

Adult↗