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Biomedical subjects

M Parker

Publications and source records attributed to M Parker.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Differential interaction of steroid hormone receptors with LXXLL motifs in SRC-1a depends on residues flanking the motif.

Steroid hormones induce the transcriptional activity of their cognate receptors by recruiting a variety of cofactors. One of these, steroid receptor co-activator-1 (SRC-1) interacts with the ligand binding domains of a number of different receptors by means of LXXLL motifs. We have investigated the relative interaction of four such motifs in SRC-1a using a yeast two-hybrid assay. We demonstrate that ERalpha, ERbeta and ERbeta2 preferentially interact with motif 2 while GR, AR, PPARalpha and PPARgamma preferentially interact with motif 4. We show that the interactions depend not only on the LXXLL motif itself but also on residues flanking the motif.

Amino Acid Motifs↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Resolution of abnormal muscle enzyme studies in hypothyroidism.

Serum levels of muscle enzymes including creatine phosphokinase (CPK) have been reported to be abnormal in hypothyroidism. Seven patients with increased thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and elevated CPK levels were followed during replacement by oral l-thyroxine or l-thyroxine plus triiodothyronine. Data in three patients demonstrate a fairly constant rate of fall in CPK with a half-time for disappearance of approximately ten to 12 days. The normalization of muscle enzymes often precedes the correction of elevations in TSH.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The fragmentation of community: Part 1, The loss of belonging and commitment at work.

Squeezed between mounting budget pressures and staffing demands, healthcare managers have little room to maneuver as they are buffeted by incessant new strategies. So what is the constant that they can use to keep a steady course through all the chaos? We suggest the overarching constant is "community in the workplace." Although it may have both short- and long-term benefits, community building is not a strategy but a career-long philosophy, structure, and approach to help managers tie together all the facets of their daily work into a more meaningful and satisfying purpose. This article, part 1 in a 4-part series, describes the negative dynamics found in many healthcare organizations that often result in the inability to get past short-term strategies and tactics to achieve long-term, sustainable change. It highlights why managers might decide to make the philosophical shift away from the mechanistic views of the past to build community and free up resources and talents of the organization in an entirely new way. Part 2 (September 2000) will explore the principles and characteristics of "community" and provide material for further study and discussion. Part 3 (October 2000) describes how to build community as well as options for implementing change in complex adaptive systems. The final article (November 2000) presents case studies and how "community" can be built in a unionized environment.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Blood pressure overshoot under pentobarbitone anaesthesia following a single dose of clonidine in rats.

1. Withdrawal of chronic antihypertensive therapy with clonidine is known to produce a blood pressure overshoot. It has been reported that the same may occur after a single dose of clonidine. 2. A single, intramuscular dose of clonidine (0.05 mg/kg) produced an overshoot in blood pressure, on the day following administration, in normotensive rats anaesthetized with sodium pentobarbitone. 3. No rebound elevation of mean arterial pressure or of heart rate occurred in conscious, normotensive, spontaneously hypertensive or renal hypertensive rats following this dose of clonidine, nor did it occur in rats anaesthetized with ether. 4. It is suggested that the overshoot phenomenon in rats under barbiturate anaesthesia may involve an interaction between an effect of clonidine and the barbiturate.

Anesthesia, General↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Psychological features in persons at risk for familial Alzheimer's disease.

Persons at risk for inherited neurodegenerative diseases may experience symptoms of anxiety and depression because of concern over the possibility of developing the disease in the future. The purpose of this study was to assess psychological and emotional symptoms in persons at the age of risk for developing early-onset familial Alzheimer's disease (FAD). Their responses on a psychiatric rating scale (SCL-90-R) were compared with four groups: patients with mild FAD; head injury patients; patients with clinically diagnosed depression; and healthy control subjects. Mean scores of the at-risk FAD group were not statistically different than those of the controls. In contrast, the head injury and depressed groups had significantly elevated scores across the clinical scales. These results suggest that depression and anxiety are not prominent features in persons at genetic risk for early-onset familial Alzheimer's disease. Similar results have been found in studies of persons at risk for developing Huntington's disease, another autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disease.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

All about private case management.

In recent years, the number of private firms offering various case management services (primarily to the elderly) has increased geometrically, yet little has been known about their goals, organization, quality control measures, fees, costs or staff credentials. Now InterStudy has evaluated this emerging health service sector in-depth, and the two primary researchers report the results of their unique study in this article.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A nurse-run business to improve health care for nursing home residents.

The costs of health care for the rapidly growing segment of our population over age 75 are staggering. EverCare is a nurse-run business that seeks to improve cost-effectiveness and quality of health care for nursing home residents enrolled in a health maintenance organization.

Administrative Personnel↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Patterns of alcohol use and abuse among aging Civil War veterans, 1865-1920.

Given the extent of alcoholism among elderly people, it is remarkable how little is known about the biomedical and social dimensions of alcohol use and abuse in late life. In the absence of compelling longitudinal data drawn from contemporary sources, a historical perspective may help to illuminate the incidence and consequences of alcohol abuse among the elderly. Based on a study of 370 case histories drawn from the National Military Home in Dayton, Ohio, which around the turn of the century was the nation's largest old-age home, it appears that alcohol's social ramifications were more important than its pathological or physiological manifestations in late 19th-century America. Drinking habits among aging Civil War veterans varied considerably: moderate consumption was acceptable; too much of a good thing caused problems.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Lack of suppression of tumor cell phenotype by overexpression of TIMP-3 in mouse JB6 tumor cells identification of a transfectant with increased tumorigenicity and invasiveness.

BACKGROUND: We have recently cloned mouse tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-3 (mTIMP-3) by the differential display technique and found that mTIMP-3 was expressed in preneoplastic but not in neoplastic mouse JB6 epidermal cells (Sun et at. Cancer Res. 54:11139, 1994). This down regulation of the gene is attributable at least in part to alteration in gene methylation (Sun et al., J. Biol. Chem., 270:19312, 1995). METHODS: To examine the potential role of TIMP-3 in two JB6 tumor cell model, we overexpressed mouse TIMP-3 in two JB6 tumor cell lines lacking endogenous mTIMP-3 expression. Stable transfectants from each line were selected and assayed for possible changes in tumor cell phenotype. RESULTS: Our results showed overexpression of mTIMP-3 in these two tumor lines did not change their ability to grow in soft agar, an assay for anchorage-independent growth, nor in nude mice, an in vivo tumorigenicity assay, nor to penetrate matrigel, an assay for invasiveness We, however, isolated a clone which is highly malignant was demonstrated by a) very short latent period for tumor formation; b) very fast tumor growth; and c) highly invasive in the matrigel assay. CONCLUSION: We conclude from this study that although TIMP-3 is not expressed in mouse JB6 tumor cells, overexpression by DNA transfection did not reverse tumor cell phenotype, suggesting a complex role for TIMP-3 in tumorigenesis. The highly malignant transfectant isolated by this study can be used as a tool for the cloning of dominant oncogenes as well as tumor suppressor genes.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Teaching "family": evaluating a multidimensional clerkship curriculum.

BACKGROUND: A multidimensional program that includes workshops on family systems, family interviewing, a home visit, and faculty precepting at East Tennessee State University (ETSU) is described and evaluated. METHODS: Over a 3-year period, ETSU junior clerks received systematic instruction on family issues in medical practice. Evaluations were obtained at the conclusion of the experience. RESULTS: The number of students who rated the importance of family in family practice as "very strong" increased from 14 (28%) to 33 (66%) between the beginning and the end of the rotation. The majority of students reported that each of the curricular elements on family had a "strong positive impact" and rated home visits as most important in promoting their understanding of families. CONCLUSIONS: The curriculum on family had a significant role in enhancing students' appreciation of the importance of the family in medicine.

Clinical Clerkship↗