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Biomedical subjects

M P James

Publications and source records attributed to M P James.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

Effects of quasiactive membrane on multiply periodic traveling waves in integrate-and-fire systems.

We consider the dynamics of a one-dimensional continuum of synaptically interacting integrate-and-fire neurons with realistic forms of axodendritic interaction. The speed and stability of traveling waves are investigated as a function of discrete communication delays, distributed synaptic delays, and axodendritic delays arising from the spatially extended nature of the model neuron. In particular, dispersion curves for periodic traveling waves are constructed. Nonlinear ionic channels in the dendrite responsible for a so-called quasiactive bandpass response are shown to significantly influence the shape of dispersion curves. Moreover, a kinematic theory of spike train propagation suggests that period-doubling bifurcations of a singly periodic wave can occur in dendritic systems with a quasiactive membrane. The explicit construction of period-doubled solutions is used to confirm this prediction.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed2000

Treatment of viral warts with cimetidine: an open-label study.

The immunomodulatory actions of cimetidine, an H2-receptor antagonist, and its use in the treatment of viral warts has been described previously but its effectiveness is still debated. We report the results in 47 patients with multiple, nongenital viral warts who were treated with oral cimetidine in a 3-month open-label study. The drug was generally well tolerated and 87% of children and 68% of adults improved with treatment. Follow-up data in 65% of the patients showed that there had been no recurrence in the majority of those whose warts had cleared completely during treatment, whereas warts tended to persist or recur in those who had stopped treatment before all the warts had resolved. Our data suggests that cimetidine may be helpful in the treatment of viral warts in both adults and children and supports the need for a randomized controlled trial.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1999

Recalcitrant viral warts: results of treatment with the KTP laser.

We report the use of a potassium-titanyl-phosphate (KTP) continuous wave laser in an open study to treat 25 patients with multiple nongenital warts that had failed to respond to conventional therapies. All patients were treated monthly using the 532 nm KTP continuous wave laser and robotic scanner. Twenty patients (80%) responded to treatment with warts: in 12 patients there was complete clearing. Moderate discomfort was reported during the procedure but subsequent morbidity was slight with no evidence of scarring. Follow-up by postal questionnaire revealed that warts recurred in those patients who had stopped treatment early but not in those whose warts had been treated to complete clearance.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Squamous cell carcinoma associated with lupus vulgaris.

Squamous cell carcinomas are known to arise in certain chronic, scarring dermatoses and also to be associated with exposure to ultraviolet radiation. We now report a case arising in a plaque of lupus vulgaris, the patient having received radiation from a Finsen lamp as a child for a tuberculous abscess in that region.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Eosinophilic papulocrustous dermatitis (miliary dermatitis) and eosinophilic inflammatory bowel disease in two cats.

Two cats with chronic eosinophilic skin disease were investigated. The clinical investigation of the skin disease in one cat was limited and inflammatory bowel disease was diagnosed post mortem. A history of weight loss and a palpably thickened bowel in the second cat suggested concurrent gastrointestinal disease. Diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease was confirmed on biopsy. Treatment with azathioprine and methylprednisolone acetate resolved the signs of gastrointestinal disease, the pruritus and 95% of the skin lesions. The concurrence of eosinophilic papulocrustous dermatitis and eosinophilic bowel disease raises the possibility of their being linked bv a common aetiology or pathophysiology.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1995

Zosteriform atrophoderma of Pasini and Pierini.

Astophoderma of Pasini and Pierini is generally regarded as an atrophic variant of morphoea. It arises most commonly on the trunk and abdomen. We describe a 53-year-old man who had a 12-year history of unilateral atrophoderma of Pasini and Pierini affecting the left side of his trunk in a zosteriform distribution. Within these clinically atrophic lesions, there were localized areas of induration which were typical of morphoea. The patient also had a preceding history of balanitis xerotica obliterans. The occurrence of atrophoderma of Pasini and Pierini, morphoea and lichen sclerosus within the same individual supports the view that these conditions are closely related, and suggests that common factors may be involved in their aetiologies.

Humans↗
PubMed1995

Diltiazem-induced acute generalised exanthematous pustulosis.

Pustulation is a major feature in several different dermatoses, and it may also occur as a manifestation of drug hypersensitivity. Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP) is an uncommon eruption characterized by acute, extensive formation of sterile pustules, fever and peripheral blood leucocytosis. It shares several clinical and histological features in common with pustular psoriasis. Most reported cases have been triggered by ingestion of broad spectrum antibiotics, particularly betalactams and macrolides. There is usually rapid resolution of the eruption on drug withdrawal. We report the case of a 58 year-old woman who developed AGEP shortly after commencing treatment with the calcium channel blocker diltiazem hydrochloride. The eruption followed a biphasic course, and improved following treatment with systemic corticosteroids and methotrexate. AGEP appears to be a rare adverse cutaneous reaction to diltiazem, whereas a wide range of other skin eruptions have been reported more commonly with this drug.

Calcium Channel Blockers↗
PubMed1995

Sarcoidosis: nail dystrophy without underlying bone changes.

Sarcoidosis is a chronic granulomatous disease of unknown origin that affects multiple organs and may present with a variety of skin lesions. Involvement of the nails is rare and almost invariably associated with underlying bone disease. We describe a patient with sarcoid nail dystrophy in whom this diagnosis was confirmed by a proximal nail fold biopsy. Radiologic investigation did not show evidence of an associated bone dystrophy in this case.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Pseudopelade of Brocq occurring in two brothers in childhood.

The cases of two brothers who both developed pseudopelade at the age of 7 years, with progressive patchy hair loss, are reported. Biopsy in the elder brother showed typical changes with reduced numbers of hair follicles and sebaceous glands, a sparse lymphocytic infiltrate and an absence of widespread scarring. A third family member may have been affected. The absence of a family history in most cases suggests our patients may have a different aetiology. This report of two, possibly three, family members with pseudopelade suggests genetic factors may play a role in this family. Pseudopelade is very rare in children and we are not aware of any reports of familial occurrence. Atrophy rather than scarring is the primary feature of this condition and pseudopelade of Brocq should not be classified as a cicatricial alopecia.

Alopecia↗
PubMed1994

Extensive lichen sclerosus et atrophicus with bullae and ulceration--improvement with hydroxychloroquine.

A 55-year-old woman is described with a short history of generalized lichen sclerosus et atrophicus in whom extensive blistering and ulceration occurred. The disease was confined to extragenital sites at presentation, with no clinical evidence of mucosal involvement. The degree of blistering, rapid evolution and widespread involvement of non-genital skin in this case are uncommon features. There was evidence of improvement following treatment with hydroxychloroquine. We suggest that this drug may be of therapeutic benefit in cutaneous lichen sclerosus.

Abdomen↗