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Biomedical subjects

M Otsuka

Publications and source records attributed to M Otsuka.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Alzheimer's disease and 5-HTTLPR polymorphism of the serotonin transporter gene: no evidence for an association.

Recently two independent research groups consistently reported a significant association between the serotonin transporter (5-HTT) gene and late-onset sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD). They found that the "short" allele of the 5-HTT gene-linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR), which is associated with reduced transcriptional activity of the gene, increases the risk of developing late-onset AD. The present study tried to replicate this finding in a Japanese sample. We genotyped 41 patients with early-onset AD (<65 years), 82 with late-onset AD, and 336 controls. There was no significant difference in genotype or allele distribution between either patient group and controls in our sample, suggesting that the 5-HTTLPR does not play a major role in the pathogenesis of AD in Japanese.

Age of Onset↗
PubMed2000

Experimental hyperthyroidism causes inactivation of the branched-chain alpha-ketoacid dehydrogenase complex in rat liver.

Hyperthyroidism induced by 3-day treatment of rats with thyroid hormone (T(3); 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine) at 0.1 or 1 mg/kg body wt/day resulted in a reduced activity state (% of enzyme in its active, dephosphorylated state) of the hepatic branched-chain alpha-ketoacid dehydrogenase (BCKDH) complex. One treatment with 0.1 mg T(3)/kg body wt caused a significant effect on the activity state of BCKDH complex after 24 h, indicating that the reduction of the activity state was triggered by the first administration of T(3). Hyperthyroidism also caused a stable increase in BCKDH kinase activity, the enzyme responsible for phosphorylation and inactivation of the BCKDH complex, suggesting that T(3) caused inactivation of the BCKDH complex by induction of its kinase. Western blot analysis also revealed increased amounts of BCKDH kinase protein in response to hyperthyroidism. No change in the plasma levels of branched-chain alpha-keto acids was observed in T(3)-treated rats, arguing against an involvement of these known regulators of BCKDH kinase activity. Inactivation of the hepatic BCKDH complex as a consequence of overexpression of its kinase may save the essential branched-chain amino acids for protein synthesis during hyperthyroidism.

3-Methyl-2-Oxobutanoate Dehydrogenase (Lipoamide)↗
PubMed2000

Benefits of adjuvant radiotherapy after radical resection of locally advanced main hepatic duct carcinoma.

PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to determine the benefits of adjuvant radiotherapy after radical resection of locally advanced main hepatic duct carcinoma (Klatskin tumor). METHODS AND MATERIALS: We conducted a retrospective review of 63 patients who underwent surgical resection of Stage IVA Klatskin tumor. Of the 63 patients, 47 had microscopic tumor residue (RT1). Twenty-eight of the 47 patients with RT1 were treated by adjuvant radiotherapy and the remaining 19 patients were treated exclusively by surgical resection. Seventeen of the 28 patients with RT1 were treated by both intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) and postoperative radiotherapy (PORT); of the remaining 11 patients with RT1, 6 underwent resection and IORT, and 5 underwent resection and PORT. RESULTS: The major complication and 30-day operative death rates were significantly lower in the radiation group (9.5% and 0.0%, respectively) than in the resection alone group (28.5% and 9.5%, respectively). Of the eight 5-year survivors with RT1, 6 had adjuvant radiotherapy and the remaining 2 had resection alone. Adjuvant radiotherapy for patients with RT1 yielded significantly (p = 0.0141) higher 5-year survival rates (33.9%) than in the resection alone group (13.5 %). The best 5-year survival rate (39.2 %) was found in patients who underwent a combination of IORT and PORT after resection. The local-regional control rate was significantly higher in the adjuvant radiation group than in the resection alone group (79.2% vs. 31.2%). CONCLUSION: Our data clearly suggest the improved prognosis of patients with locally advanced Klatskin tumor by integrated adjuvant radiotherapy with IORT and PORT to complete gross tumor resection with acceptable treatment mortality and morbidity.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

No evidence for an association between the Glu298Asp polymorphism of the NOS3 gene and Alzheimer's disease.

Recently a significant association of a missense mutation (Glu298Asp) of the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS3) gene with late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) was reported. We tried to replicate this finding in a Japanese sample of 121 patients with LOAD, 51 with early-onset AD (EOAD), and 165 medical controls. However, the genotype and allelic distributions for the Glu298Asp polymorphism were similar for these three groups, suggesting that the Glu298Asp polymorphism of the NOS3 gene has no relevance to the development of AD in Japanese.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

Aurine tricarboxylic acid, a potent metal-chelating inhibitor of NFkappaB-DNA binding.

The metal-interaction of aurine tricarboxylic acid (ATA) and its inhibitory effect on the DNA binding of NFkappaB were studied. Chemical speciation and spectroscopic studies have shown the strong interaction of ATA with metal ions present in the biological systems. EPR, FTIR and electronic spectral studies indicated the square planar structure of the metal-binding carboxylic and hydroxyl groups of ATA indicating the ground state 2B1g. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay using NFkappaB and 32P labeled DNA has shown that ATA was inhibitory against the DNA-NFkappaB binding at 30 microM. This activity was the strongest among the metal-chelating inhibitors of NFkappaB-DNA binding reported so far.

Anti-HIV Agents↗