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Biomedical subjects

M Osler

Publications and source records attributed to M Osler.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Induction of labor with oral prostaglandin E2 and buccal demoxytocin without amniotomy.

The results of labor induction without primary amniotomy in 132 primi-parae are presented. Prostaglandin E2 was given orally to 40 patients, 45 were treated buccally with demoxytocin and 47 were given a combination consisting of demoxytocin on the first day and prostaglandin E2 on the second day. All patients had Bishop scores less than 7. No significant difference in the efficiency of induction between the three types of treatment was detected. The delivery rates 48 hours after the start of treatment were 45.0 per cent, 37.8 per cent and 46.8 per cent respectively. The incidence of complications was not increased in the group which received the combined treatment.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1980

Ritodrine in the treatment of preterm labour. A clinical trial to compare a standard treatment with three regimens involving the use of ritodrine.

In a randomized trial, three alternative schemes of treatment of preterm labour with ritodrine (long infusion, short infusion, and intramuscular injection) were compared with standard treatment by bed rest and sedatives. None of the ritodrine treatments were found to be better in postponing delivery than the standard treatment. However, the Bishop scores of the patients in the standard treatment group tended to be lower than of the patients treated with ritodrine. Moreover, all cases of congenital malformation and polyhydramnios occurred in the patients treated with ritodrine. The incidence of respiratory insufficiency was significantly higher in infants of mothers treated with ritodrine. The mean birth weight was highest in the standard treatment group.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

A comparison of three methods for inducing labor: oral prostaglandin E2, buccal desaminooxytocin, intravenous oxytocin.

A study of labor induction in 325 patients is reported. Group I (77 patients with Bioshop's scores 0-6) and 2 (69 patients with Bishop's scores 7-12) were given 0.5 mg prostaglandin E2 every half hour (maximum 5 mg per day). Group 3 (87 patients with Bishop's scores 0-6) was givne 50 International units of buccal desaminooxytocin every half hour (maximum 500 International units per day). In Group 4 (92 patients with Bishop's scores 7-12), labor was induced by primary amniotomy and automatic oxytocin infusion by the Cardiff method. In groups 1, 2 and 3, 45 per cent, 74 per cent and 41 per cent delivered within 48 hours, while 100 per cent in group 4 delivered within 24 hours. No differences were found in either the frequency of cesarean section or the incidence of low Apgar scores. A higher, but not statistically significant frequency of vacuum extraction was found in the Cardiff group (25 per cent) than in the tablet-induced groups (15 per cent). There was, however, a significantly higheroccurrence of alterations in fetal heart rate which led to instrumental intervention to hasten delivery in the Cardiff group compared to the tablet-induced patients.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1979

Standard treatment of dysmenorrhea with special reference to treatment with spasmolytics and hormones.

A survey of the methods of treatment used in dysmenorrhea is given. Special importance is focused on most frequently used methods of treatment in recent years, e.g. treatment with spasmolytics and hormones. The spasmolytics are by no heans effective in all cases in treatment of dysmenorrhea and undesirable side-effects are of frequent occurrence. When oral contraceptives became available it was found that they represented an effective remedy for dysmenorrhea. Whether the Pill should be used for treatment of dysmenorrhea must depend on whether there is also a desire of contraception or not. It is not unusual that women with severe dysmenorrhea have to abandon oral contraceptives because of side-effects or possible risks of this treatment. There is a need for alternative treatment, and the new effective prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors may meet this need.

Analgesics↗
PubMed1978

Contraception with long acting subdermal implants: I. An effective and acceptable modality in international clinical trials.

This paper presents results of a double blind, multi-centered and multi-national study of two progestin only subdermal implants used for contraception. A regimen of six capsules of levonorgestrel (Ng) used by 492 women had a net cumulative 12-month pregnancy rate of 0.6 percent and a continuation rate of 74.6 percent. 498 women used six capsules of norgestrienone (R2010) and experienced a net cumulative 12-month pregnancy rate of 3.5 percent and a continuation rate of 79.4 percent. The difference in the pregnancy rate was significant at P less than 0.01, while there was no significant difference in the continuation rates. Menstrual problems were the principal reason for termination of the levonorgestrel regimen, accounting for approximately half of all terminations. There were significantly fewer menstrual problems among users of the norgestrienone (R2010) capsules; the net cumulative 12-month termination rate for this reason was 4.3 percent. Results are compared with continuation and termination rates for acceptors of the Copper T 200 at the same clinics. The low pregnancy rate and reasonably high continuation rate of the norgestrel implants coupled with the fact that the expected effective lifetime of a set of capsules is of the order of 3-5 years appears to warrant further development of this contraceptive regimen.

Adolescent↗