Biomedical subjects

M Osawa

Publications and source records attributed to M Osawa.

328 records · Page 19Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

A 20-kDa protein in human seminal plasma that is identical to gross cystic disease fluid protein 15 and prolactin-inducible protein.

A new method is described for isolating the 20-kDa protein, which used to be purified using an actin-immobilized column from human seminal plasma. This method employed ion-exchange column chromatography and isoelectric focusing separation. The level of seminal protein was determined by sandwich ELISA to be 1.06 +/- 0.27 mg/mL (mean +/- SD, n = 8). Its cDNA was cloned from a human salivary gland cDNA library by immunoscreening. The 553-nucleotide sequence included the 5' untranslated region and extended to the poly(A) tail. It encoded a protein of 118 amino acid residues in addition to a signal sequence of 28 residues. This sequence was identical to those of gross cystic disease fluid protein 15 and prolactin-inducible protein cDNAs. Northern blotting revealed the common expression in the submandibular gland and seminal vesicle. An immunohistochemical study in paraffin-embedded tissues from human male sex organs also indicated that the 20-kDa protein is mainly produced in the seminal vesicle.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Early ultrastructural changes in the central nervous system in Fukuyama congenital muscular dystrophy.

Electron microscopy of the central nervous system surface structure is described in two fetuses with Fukuyama congenital muscular dystrophy (FCMD). In addition to relatively large surface defects, many minute defects less than several micrometers in size associated with protrusion of glial cytoplasm were observed in the cerebrum. These findings were considered to represent early changes prior to cortical dysplasia. The basement membrane adjacent to the defects showed amorphous, wavy, or whorled configurations, and gradually disappeared. The glial cytoplasmic membrane seemed to be relatively well preserved in some areas where the basement membrane disappeared. On the other hand, both the basement membrane and cytoplasmic membrane became indistinct irregularly in areas without defects, including the spinal cord; similar lesions were found in the skeletal muscle. These observations confirm previous observations concerning defects of the pial-glial barrier of the brain surface, and may suggest the involvement of abnormal basement membrane or related structures, or both, in the genesis of the brain lesions of FCMD.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Isolated mitral valve injury from non-penetrating cardiac trauma. Report of a case with successful repair.

Isolated mitral valve injury from non-penetrating cardiac trauma was low in incidence. A successfully operated case of a patient with acute mitral insufficiency from non-penetrating cardiac injury due to a traffic accident was reported and discussed. This isolated mitral valve lesion, of which the posterior leaflet was torn away from the annulus with intact chordae tendineae and papillary muscle, was very rare in the literature. And, particularly, the preoperative non-invasive findings such as echocardiogram and ACG were mostly useful and important in our case. This case was the fourth successful repaired case on blunt isolated mitral valve injury in the literature.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Tetraphasic actions of local anesthetics on central nervous system electrical activities in cats.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The effects of seven local anesthetics, mepivacaine, bupivacaine, etidocaine, dibucaine, prilocaine, procaine, and tetracaine, on the central nervous system (CNS) electrical activities were studied in five cats with each agent. METHODS: Brain electrodes were implanted chronically in the cortex, amygdala, hippocampus, and midbrain reticular formation. The cortical, amygdala, and hippocampus electroencephalograms (EEGs), reticular multiunit activity (R-MUA), and heart rate were recorded. Drugs were administered intravenously with constant rates of equipotent doses until EEG seizures appeared. Effects of lidocaine, 1 mg.kg-1.min-1, were studied for comparison. The rates of infusion were: mepivacaine, 1 mg.kg-1.min-1; procaine, 4 mg.kg-1.min-1; bupivacaine and tetracaine, 0.25 mg.kg-1.min-1; etidocaine, 0.5 mg.kg-1.min-1; dibucaine, 0.15 mg.kg-1.min-1; and prilocaine, 3 mg.kg-1.min-1. The effects of 10-15 times higher rates of infusion were also studied in two cats with each drug. RESULTS: During the slow rates of infusion, a tetraphasic sequence of changes, common to all agents, was observed: the initial stage represented by diffuse EEG slowing and a suppression of the R-MUA; the second stage by low voltage fast wave EEG and an activation of the R-MUA; the third stage by reappearance of slow wave EEG and a suppression of the R-MUA; and the fourth stage by an epileptiform EEG and an activation of the R-MUA. These changes in EEG were not typical in some cats administered procaine, bupivacaine, prilocaine, and dibucaine. During the high rates of infusion, suppressive stages in the R-MUA were less dominant and activations dominated. High rates of infusion of mepivacaine produced sudden epileptic activities in EEG. Tetracaine, procaine, etidocaine, and bupivacaine in the high rates of infusion produced slow waves for a short period, prior to seizure activities in the EEG. Dibucaine or prilocaine in high rates of infusion could not produce seizure activities in the EEG, but slow waves and isoelectrical EEG, which were accompanied with idioventricular rhythm followed by ventricular fibrillation. CONCLUSIONS: All local anesthetics have similar tetraphasic CNS actions and whether the expression of CNS intoxication with subconvulsive doses is excitation or suppression may possibly be dependent on the brain drug level and its rate of increase.

Anesthetics, Local↗