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Biomedical subjects

M Orr

Publications and source records attributed to M Orr.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Nutrition support nursing: a specialty practice: historical development.

Nutrition Support Nursing as an area of specialization within nursing emerged from the development of new technology that enabled patients to be fed totally by vein and from the realization that this complex, new therapy could not be administered safely and effectively without the involvement of nurses who had special expertise. This paper will examine how a specialty organization has developed and evolved over two decades, characterized by dramatic changes in the health care system. The involvement of nurses in nutrition support facilitated the early research in this area and was instrumental in developing a strong nursing role in the care of these patients.

Curriculum↗
PubMed1990

Specialty nursing council: a peer support group for nurses in independent roles.

As nurses move into more nontraditional, expanded roles, they sometimes lack a social and professional support group within the work setting. Feeling isolated and lacking support, several clinical nurse specialists (CNSs) at a large county institution began the Specialty Nursing Council. The Specialty Nursing Council provides a means of networking and support for nurses in specialty roles in a three institution health care campus. Monthly meetings are conducted to bring members together and for continuing education programs. The keys to success in forming this type of council are: 1) a dedicated group that plans, organizes, and distributes informational material; 2) common goals and objectives; 3) direct benefits to members.

Humans↗
PubMed1982

Effects of the non-selective beta-adrenoceptor blocking agent, carteolol, on platelet function, blood coagulation and viscosity.

We have studied the effect of a new beta-adrenergic blocker, carteolol, on platelet function, blood coagulation and viscosity in 10 healthy male volunteers. Following carteolol (5 mg orally) we were able to demonstrate significant inhibition of platelet aggregation to ADP (p less than 0.05) and adrenaline (p less than 0.01) after 5 hours, but not at 2 or 24 hours. This maximum inhibition of platelet aggregation corresponded to peak plasma concentrations of carteolol measured. The platelet release reaction, as measured by plasma levels of the platelet specific protein beta-thromboglobulin (BTG) was unaltered and there was no significant effect on a panel of coagulation tests or on blood viscosity.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMed1982

Long-term care criteria and standards agreement with professional placement determination.

The decisions made by physician-nurse teams and individual nurse-evaluators following examination of long-term care patients are compared with the results of placement assignment of the same patients obtained by using the New York State Patient Assessment Form (DMS-1), predictor scores, and numerical standard. The descriptors, when applied to long-term care patients and weighted according to intensity, were capable of matching the best judgment of these professionals with a 90 per cent concurrence.

Health↗
PubMed1979

Clinical significance of plasma drug and prolactin levels during acute chlorpromazine treatment: a replication study.

Nineteen patients with acute psychoses, the majority schizophrenics, were studied in the course of chlorpromazine (CPZ) treatment. Plasma levels of the drug, plasma prolactin (PRL), extrapyramidal side-effects (EPS) and changes in mental state were monitored weekly, as in our earlier study. The results confirm some of our previous findings: (a) plasma CPZ levels vary widely among patients and correlate poorly with daily doses of CPZ; (b) increased plasma PRL is associated with higher plasma CPZ levels and is more common among the patients who develop EPS; and (c) none of these three variables differ between groups of patients with good and poor treatment outcome. However we did not confirm our previous finding of a significant association between EPS and higher plasma CPZ, nor did we find that the ratio of CPZ-sulphoxide to CPZ differed between the improved patients and the rest.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Misplacement of nasogastric tubes and oesophageal monitoring devices.

Accidental invasion of the trachea past an inflated cuff may occur more easily when endotracheal tubes with soft, low pressure cuffs are used. A new, simple and safe technique for blind oesophageal intubation is outlined. Two cases of accidental invasion of the trachea by oesophageal tubes are described.

Esophagus↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Intestinal placement of pH-sensing nasointestinal feeding tubes.

Intestinal access for enteral nutrition can be achieved by spontaneous intestinal nasogastric tube passage or by endoscopic, fluoroscopic, or surgical placement methods. Each of these methods has limitations that may compromise clinical utility. pH-sensing nasointestinal feeding tubes allow active placement with minimal equipment and expertise; however, this method requires an acidic gastric pH. We sought to determine whether antiulcer regimens used at our institution would preclude intestinal pH-sensing tube placement. Twenty-five patients had 25 (81%) successful intestinal placements in 31 attempts. Observed pH values and calculated pH changes were compared within and between successful and unsuccessful groups by using a Student's t test. Initial, lowest, and final pH values did not differ significantly between groups. The pH change initial-to-lowest (4.7 +/- 0.18 vs 3.6 +/- 0.59, p < .03) and lowest-to-final (5.0 +/- 0.18 vs 3.0 +/- 0.47, p < .0001) differed significantly between groups, whereas the pH change initial-to-final did not. Cost analysis of endoscopic ($782), fluoroscopic ($341 to $382), spontaneous ($167 to $212), and pH-sensing ($162) methods revealed 3% to 79% savings when the pH-sensing placement method was used. We conclude that the antiulcer therapies used in our patient population did not preclude intestinal pH-sensing tube placement. If the pH changes from initial-to-lowest and lowest-to-final were greater than 4, successful intestinal placement occurred in 91% of attempts. Finally, the method was cost-effective at our institution.

Anti-Ulcer Agents↗