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Biomedical subjects

M Onda

Publications and source records attributed to M Onda.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

Cyclin D1 overexpression as a prognostic factor in patients with esophageal carcinoma.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Cyclin D1 is known to play important roles in the G1/S check-point of the cell cycle. We investigated the correlation between cyclin D1 overexpression and clinical characteristics to clarify its prognostic significance in patients with esophageal cancer. METHODS: From 1991 to 1998, cyclin D1 was investigated in esophageal cancers from 86 patients who underwent esophagectomy. Overexpression of cyclin D1 was demonstrated using an immunohistochemical method. RESULTS: Overexpression of cyclin D1 was found in 23 (26.7%) of 86 cases. Overexpression of cyclin D1 correlated with lymph node metastasis (P = 0.0083) and lymphatic vessel invasion (P = 0.018). Cyclin D1 overexpression may indicate resistance to chemotherapy. The patients with cyclin D1 overexpression had a significantly lower survival rate than those without overexpression (P = 0.013). The multivariate analysis revealed cyclin D1 overexpression to be an important prognostic factor in patients with esophageal cancer. CONCLUSIONS: Immunohistochemical examination of cyclin D1 expression may provide important prognostic information in univariate and multivariate analysis and may be necessary for determining therapeutic strategies for esophageal cancer.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed2001

Solid and papillary tumor of the pancreas complicating agenesis of the dorsal pancreas.

We report the first documented case of a solid and papillary tumor of the pancreas (SPT) complicating agenesis of the dorsal pancreas. A 28-year-old female patient was referred to our hospital for a pancreatic tumor detected at a local hospital. The laboratory findings were all within normal limits. Diagnostic images revealed absence of the dorsal pancreas and the presence of a tumor located in the head of the pancreas. The tumor was solid, well demarcated, noncalcified, and hypovascular. Fine-needle aspiration cytology revealed that larger cell clumps often had a branching papillary appearance, with multiple layers of tumor cells surrounding central vascular stalks; a preoperative diagnosis of SPT was made. At surgery, on February 10, 1999, the tumor was found to have clear margins, and it showed no signs of direct invasion of adjacent structures. No metastases were found in the liver or the local lymph nodes. Accordingly, partial resection of the pancreas, including the entire tumor, was performed, and, thus, almost the entire head of the pancreas could be saved. Microscopic examination of the resected specimen yielded findings compatible with SPT. No recurrences, and no impairment of pancreatic endocrine or exocrine function have been noted since the operation.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Genetic differences in CYP2C19 single nucleotide polymorphisms among four Asian populations.

BACKGROUND: This study was designed to compare genetic differences in single-nucleotide polymorphisms of the S-mephenytoin 4'-hydroxylation (CYP2C19) gene among four Asian populations. METHODS: Polymerase chain reaction with restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis of CYP2C19 was conducted in Japanese, Chinese, Thai, and Vietnamese populations. All genotype frequencies were analyzed. Wild-type homozygote and wild-type heterozygote genotypes were extensive proton pump inhibitor (PPI) metabolizers. Mutant-type heterozygote and mutant-type homozygote genotypes were poor PPI metabolizers. RESULTS: No significant differences in CYP2C19 phenotype, calculated based on genotype frequencies, (P > 0.05) were found among the four populations. CONCLUSIONS: Many factors, including CYP2C19 polymorphisms, affect the success rate of Helicobacterpylori eradication with PPI-based therapy. We suspect that CYP2C19 polymorphisms may not be the main factor associated with differences among these four Asian populations in the success rates of H. pylori eradication with PPI-based therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Association of the interleukin-1 beta genetic polymorphism and gastric cancer risk in Japanese.

BACKGROUND: Helicobacter pylori infection is associated not only with gastroduodenal ulcers but with the development of gastric cancer. Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) is a potent inhibitor of gastric secretion. The -31 C-to-T base transition in the intron of this gene has been reported to be involved in carcinogenic changes within the stomach, especially in H. pylori-infected individuals. METHODS: In this study, the -511 T-to-C polymorphism in the IL-1 beta gene was investigated in 669 patients with gastric diseases. RESULTS: The allelic frequencies of the C allele, which indicates low acid secretion and is a component of a supposedly high-risk genotype for gastric cancer, were 0.48 in H. pylori-negative noncancer controls, 0.52 in H. pylori-positive noncancer controls, 0.57 in subjects with chronic active gastritis (CAG) with H. pylori, 0.58 in subjects with intestinal metaplasia (IM) or CAG without H. pylori, and 0.52 in gastric cancer patients. Significant differences among the groups were observed between the IM or CAG without H. pylori group and the gastric cancer group and between the IM or CAG without H. pylori group and the H. pylori-negative noncancer control group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The IL-1 beta-511 genetic polymorphism was not associated with gastric cancer in a multistep carcinogenesis model. However, in view of the results for the IM or CAG without H. pylori group, the presence of the C allele may also indicate a risk of mucosal atrophy of the stomach in the Japanese population.

Genotype↗
PubMed2001

Complete cure of malignant lymphoma of the stomach with a huge adrenal lesion achieved by preoperative chemotherapy and surgery: report of a case.

We report herein the case of a 53-year-old woman with malignant lymphoma of the stomach who was successfully treated by preoperative chemotherapy and surgery. The patient consulted our hospital with the chief complaint of upper abdominal pain. Endoscopy demonstrated a protruding lesion at the antral posterior wall of the stomach, and a post-biopsy pathological diagnosis of diffuse large cell type B-cell lymphoma was established. Moreover, abdominal ultrasonography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a tumor measuring approximately 10cm in diameter in the left adrenal gland. A total of three courses of chemotherapy using the CHOP regimen were given preoperatively. The CHOP regimen consisted of 100mg of prednisolone administered for 8 days together with 1.9mg of vincristine, 1,000mg of cyclophosphamide, and 60mg of epirubicin administered intravenously on the first day. This resulted in tumor shrinkage, and a distal gastrectomy, lymph node dissection, and left adrenalectomy were subsequently performed. Since the pathological findings of the resected tissue specimen demonstrated complete elimination of the malignant lymphoma, this combination of procedures was defined as having resulted in a complete response. The postoperative course of this patient was uneventful. She is still alive without any sign of tumor recurrence 6 years after her operation, and is being followed up at the outpatient clinic.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed2001

Reconstruction of the portal vein using a peritoneal patch-graft.

BACKGROUND: Reconstruction of the portal vein with autologous veins requires extra incisions. Prosthetic material is associated with an increased risk of infection. We therefore created an animal model of portal vein reconstruction using the peritoneum. METHODS: A 2.5 x 2.5 cm piece of the peritoneum was resected from Landrace pigs weighing 30 to 40 kg and was dipped in 100% alcohol for 10 minutes. The anterior wall of the portal vein measuring 1.2 x 0.6 cm was resected. The peritoneal patch-graft fitting the defect of the portal vein was used to repair it. RESULTS: All 7 pigs survived the surgery, and were killed at 2, 7, 7, 14, 21, 35 and 49 days, respectively, after surgery. There was no evidence of thrombosis or obstruction of the reconstructed portal vein or any other complications. Complete endothelialization of the patches were noted at day 14. CONCLUSIONS: Our patch-graft technique using the peritoneum is considered to be a good and safe alternative for reconstruction after partial resection of the portal vein in clinical surgery.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus treated by esophagectomy and systemic chemotherapy.

We describe herein a case of asymptomatic primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus. A 65-year-old man presented with a 4-cm filling defect in the middle third of the esophagus on a routine barium swallow. Subtotal esophagectomy accompanied by lymph node dissection was performed through a right thoracotomy. Postoperatively, the patient received five cycles of systemic chemotherapy with dacarbazine (DTIC), nimustine hydrochloride (ACNU), and vincristine (VCR) (DAV therapy), but ultimately died of generalized metastatic disease 15 months after surgery. Malignant melanoma of the esophagus has an extremely poor prognosis despite various therapeutic efforts.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

Role of DNA ligase in the illegitimate recombination that generates lambdabio-transducing phages in Escherichia coli.

We studied the role of DNA ligase in illegitimate recombination in Escherichia coli. A temperature-sensitive mutation in the lig gene reduced the frequency with which lambdabio-transducing phages were generated to 10-14% of that of wild type under UV irradiation. Reintroduction of the lig gene into this mutant restored the frequency of recombinant phage generation to that of wild type. Furthermore, overexpression of DNA ligase enhanced illegitimate recombination by 10-fold with or without UV irradiation. In addition, when DNA ligase was present in only limited amounts, UV-induced or spontaneous illegitimate recombination occurred exclusively at hotspot sites that have relatively long sequences of homology (9 or 13 bp). However, when DNA ligase was overexpressed, most of the illegitimate recombination took place at non-hotspot sites having only short sequences of homology (<4 bp). Thus, the level of ligase activity affects the frequency of illegitimate recombination, the length of sequence homology at the recombination sites, and the preference for recombination at hotspots, at least after UV irradiation. These observations support our hypothesis that the illegitimate recombination that generates lambdabio-transducing phages is mediated by the DNA break-and-join mechanism.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed2001

Effect of aggregation of amphotericin B on lysophosphatidylcholine micelles as related to its complex formation with cholesterol or ergosterol.

The effect of aggregation of amphotericin B (AmB), as well as the complex formation of AmB with cholesterol or ergosterol, was investigated in micelles and vesicles. AmB in lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) micelles adopted a more favorable monomeric form than that in other drug formulations. At an LPC/AmB ratio of 200, AmB existed only in monomeric form. Such monomeric behavior is likely dependent upon the fluidity and size of the micelles. In LPC micelles composed of 90% monomeric AmB, AmB-ergosterol complex formation occurred with an increase in the sterol concentration, but the complex formation of AmB-cholesterol was slight. On the other hand, in LPC micelles composed of 40% monomeric AmB, the complex formation of AmB-cholesterol as well as AmB-ergosterol was extensive. These results suggest that the complex formation of AmB with both sterols is highly dependent upon the aggregated state of AmB. In addition, using monolayers, mixtures of AmB/LPC/ergosterol were became more stable with rising temperature, while the stability of mixtures of AmB/LPC/cholesterol remained unchanged, implying that complex formation of AmB with cholesterol is different from that of AmB with ergosterol.

Amphotericin B↗
PubMed2001

Interaction of gramicidin with lysophosphatidylcholine as revealed by calorimetry and fluorescence spectroscopy.

The effect of the interaction of gramicidin (GA) with lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) on the change in lipid structure upon heat incubation was revealed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and fluorescence spectroscopy. DSC showed a large endothermic transition in both pure LPC micelles and GA-containing LPC micelles after prolonged heat incubation at 70 degrees C. To elucidate this behavior, fluorescence spectra of 1-anilinonaphthalene-8-sulfonate embedded in LPC micelles were measured. About 40% of the resultant LPC micelles was found to be transformed into the interdigitated gel structures after prolonged heat incubation. On the other hand, intrinsic fluorescence spectra of GA-containing LPC micelles caused a blue-shift of the emission maxima with incubation time, suggesting that tryptophans near the C-terminus of GA moved into a more apolar environment. In addition, GA-containing LPC micelles caused quenching of fluorescence with incubation time, due to the interaction between GA molecules. To determine the location of GA in LPC membranes, surface pressure was measured using the mixed monolayers composed of GA and LPC. The result suggests that GA molecule is localized by interdigitating the C-terminal part of adjacent to acyl chain of LPC.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed2001

Liver abscesses associated with stromal tumour of the stomach in a young woman.

A 23-year-old Japanese woman was admitted to hospital because of pyrexia and anaemia. She was found to have liver abscesses and a gastric submucosal mass by computed tomography and ultrasonography. Gastroscopy and a barium swallow revealed a round submucosal mass with a giant ulceration in the body of the stomach. The liver abscesses were successfully treated by percutaneous transhepatic drainage and intravenous administration of antibiotics. Cultures of the fluid from a liver abscess and gastric juice yielded alpha-haemolytic streptococci. Three weeks after the drainage, partial gastrectomy was performed. The tumour was diagnosed as a stromal tumour of the stomach (leiomyosarcoma) in the final histological report. The patient was discharged on postoperative day 17 without receiving adjuvant radio-chemotherapy. There have been no signs of recurrence two years after surgery. This is a rare case of a liver abscess associated with a stromal tumour of the stomach in a young patient. The bacteriological examinations suggested a possible association between these diseases.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Sequential histopathological changes in vivo after suicide gene therapy of gastric cancer induced by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine in rats.

Gastrointestinal cancer is the most important clinical target of gene therapy. Suicide gene therapy, such as with the herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase (HSV-TK) gene, has been shown to exert antitumor efficacy in various cancer models in vitro. We previously reported in situ gene transfer and gene therapy for gastric cancer induced by N-ethyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (ENNG) in dogs. Here, we describe the sequential histopathological changes after suicide gene therapy of N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG)-induced gastric cancer in rats. Gastric tumors were induced by MNNG in 38 / 73 (52%) of Wistar strain rats. The suicide gene therapy group (14 rats) was subjected to in situ gene transfer with a recombinant adenovirus vector carrying the HSV-TK gene driven by CAG promoter (Ad.CAGHSV-TK) in gastric tumor, followed by the antiviral drug ganciclovir (GCV). To observe the histopathological changes at various times after HSV-TK / GCV gene therapy, groups of animals were sacrificed at 3, 8, and 30 days after gene transfer. Apoptosis in the gastric tumors was detected by the TUNEL method to assess the efficacy of HSV-TK / GCV gene therapy, and it was marked in the 8- and 30-day treatment groups compared to the sham operation controls (P < 0.001). Various histopathological changes, degeneration of cancer tissue and fibrosis after necrosis and apoptosis were significantly greater in the 30-day treatment group. The HSV-TK gene was detectable in peripheral blood by PCR until 30 days after gene transfer. These results may be useful in devising a method of suicide gene therapy for humans.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMed2001

Acute cholecystitis caused by a cholesterol polyp.

A 39-year-old man hospitalized with upper abdominal pain had been found to have a 3mm polyp in the body of the gallbladder 3 years previously. Laboratory tests on admission showed mild liver dysfunction. Ultrasonography depicted a dilated gallbladder with increased wall thickness; the polyp could no longer be seen. Computed tomography with drip infusion cholangiography again showed a dilated gallbladder, and also stenosis of the distal cystic duct. The resected specimen obtained by laparoscopic cholecystectomy showed disappearance of the polyp from the body of the gallbladder. A cholesterol stone was incarcerated in the cystic duct, representing an impacted detached cholesterol polyp causing acute cholecystitis. Spontaneous detachment of a cholesterol polyp from the gallbladder mucosa, then, can result in acute cholecystitis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2001

A clinical evaluation of lymphangioma of the large intestine: a case presentation of lymphangioma of the descending colon and a review of 279 Japanese cases.

With the development and widespread use of colonoscopy, lymphangioma of the large intestine has recently been reported frequently. This paper presents some findings from a review of 279 cases of this disease in Japan, including a typical case that we encountered. A 69-year-old female was diagnosed as having lymphangioma of the descending colon based on the findings of a barium enema and a colonoscopy, and the lesion was successfully removed by an endoscopic resection. In the published reports, the etiology of this disease is not clear yet but the age at onset range shows a tendency toward a higher incidence in comparatively older patients and the male-to-female ratio indicates a higher incidence in males. If there is no complication, endoscopic treatment seems to be the preferable procedure for this disease.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

Hemorrhagic gastric carcinoma in an acromegalic patient.

A rare case of hemorrhagic gastric carcinoma in an acromegalic patient is reported. A 79-year-old Japanese man was referred to our hospital with diagnoses of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage and angina pectoris. This patient showed typical clinical features of acromegaly, with increased serum growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) level. A high titer of serum anti-Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) IgG was also observed. After percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty treatment for stenosis of the right coronary artery, the patient underwent distal gastrectomy. Gastric cancer was Type 2 macroscopically and was diagnosed histologically as a papillary and well to moderately differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis estimated that the amount of IGF-I receptor mRNA expression in the gastric cancer tissue was 1.6 times higher than that in the adjacent atrophic mucosa, whereas the amount of IGF-I mRNA expression in the cancer tissue was only half that in the atrophic mucosa. Both the stimulatory effects of GH and/or IGF-I on cell proliferation and H. pylori infection in gastric tumorigenesis may have been responsible for the development and growth of gastric carcinoma in this patient.

Acromegaly↗
PubMed2001

Wide-spread distribution of sentinel lymph nodes in esophageal cancer.

Sentinel lymph nodes are the first draining nodes that contain tumor cells. Identification of sentinel nodes may help to determine the suitable extent of lymphadenectoy. To assess the location of sentinel lymph nodes, a series of 41 patients with single and two metastatic lymph nodes who underwent esophagectomy and 3-field lymphadenectomy between 1991 and 1999 were investigated retrospectively. Only 29 (47.5%) of 61 metastatic nodes showed correspondence between the tumor site and the regional metastatic lymph nodes by routine histologic examination. In the patients with tumors in the upper and middle thoracic esophagus, metastatic lymph nodes were distributed in the cervix, mediastinum and abdomen. Although sentinel nodes were limited to the regional and adjusting compartments in 82%, nodes were found beyond the adjusting compartments in 18%. The sentinel nodes were broadly distributed depending on the location of the tumor in esophageal cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Gastrointestinal stromal tumor of the stomach diagnosed preoperatively.

A case of gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) of the stomach is reported. GIST has been applied to gastrointestinal submucosal tumors mainly composed of spindle shaped cells that represent neither typical features of myogenic nor neurogenic tumors, and immunohistochemical studies are necessary for the diagnosis of GIST. The patient was a 39-year-old man and was successfully diagnosed to be GIST (uncommitted type) preoperatively by immunohistochemical studies of biopsy specimens from an ulcerative submucosal tumor with bridging folds in the fundus, approximately 3.0 cm in size. Local excision of the stomach was performed. This is the 3rd case of GIST with a preoperative diagnosis to appear in the literature in Japan. For gastroenterological surgeons, it is critical to select the most suitable surgical procedure. In the present, because the number of papers reporting GIST of the stomach is small, it is impossible to review GIST clinicopathologically. We reviewed the surgical procedure for gastric leiomyosarcomas, because of including many cases with GIST in them. Therefore, we performed 54 cases of gastric GIST in the literature, compared with 92 cases of gastric leiomyosarcoma. As a result, it was thought that local excision for gastric GIST should be preferred.

Humans↗