Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Omori

Publications and source records attributed to M Omori.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

[Bathing a patient with cancer pain treated with continuous epidural blockade--subcutaneous catheter track and Lapack method].

Continuous epidural blockade is considered to be the most useful device for the management of cancer pain. However, it has the disadvantage to compel the patients to restrict their daily activities. We report a unique "Subcutaneous catheter track & Lapack-method" that enabled a patient with epidural catheter to safely bath at home. A 56-year-old male with a local recurrence of rectal cancer was suffering from perineal pain, which was well controlled by oral and epidural morphine. Since his wishing was to bath, we made a long subcutaneous catheter track with Tuohy-needle to prevent infection, and let him bath with transparent film dressings (Bioclusive) and Lapack to tightly cover and seal up the catheter. Although subcutaneous pustule occurred 7 days after the beginning of bathing, it was easily cured by local disinfection. He was able to enjoy bathing without any infection with this method at home for about 2 months after discharge, until he returned to the hospital. "Subcutaneous catheter track & Lapack-method" offers a safe and comfortable bathing to patients with epidural catheter, and contributes to the improvement of their quality of life.

Analgesia, Epidural↗
PubMed1993

In vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy study on premature aging in adult Down's syndrome.

Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) was performed in a group of 18 adult patients with Down's syndrome (DS) aged 20-46 years, and the peak area ratios (NAA/Cr, Cho/Cr, NAA/Cho) of N-acetylaspartate (NAA), total creatine (Cr), and choline-containing compounds (Cho) calculated separately in the patients in their 20's, 30's, and 40's. In age-matched healthy control groups, there were no significant age-related changes in any of the peak area ratios. In contrast, in the DS group, although the relative amount of NAA (NAA/Cr) showed no significant change with increasing age, the relative amount of Cho (Cho/Cr and NAA/Cho) was significantly increased in the 40's group. At least as judged by MRI, few age-related general morphological changes such as brain atrophy were apparent in the third, fourth, and fifth decade groups. However, the MRI findings considered together with the age-related changes in the peak area ratios suggest that in DS patients in the fifth decade metabolic abnormalities such as degradation and/or rapid synthesis of brain cell membrane may occur prior to neuronal loss and degeneration.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Frontal intermittent delta activity in schizophrenic patients receiving antipsychotic drugs.

FIRDA was found in 14 EEGs recorded from 338 schizophrenic patients receiving antipsychotic drugs, although they showed no FIRDA in the baseline EEG. The daily dose of antipsychotic drugs when FIRDA was found was larger than when FIRDA disappeared. FIRDA was assumed to be induced by relatively high doses of antipsychotic drugs. Thus, the effect of antipsychotic drugs should be added to the list of differential diagnoses associated with FIRDA. FIRDA did not correlate with the baseline psychopathology of schizophrenic patients. Patients without FIRDA tended to respond poorly to antipsychotic drugs in terms of negative symptoms. Improvement of positive symptoms in FIRDA patients was not as remarkable as in patients without FIRDA.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

The influence of light drowsiness on the latency and amplitude of P300.

Light drowsiness affected the P300 obtained with a standard auditory oddball paradigm. A simple two-tone discrimination paradigm was used. The frequent nontarget stimuli were 1000 Hz pure tones and the infrequent target stimuli were 2000 Hz pure tones. The subjects were required to press a button whenever infrequent target tones were presented. With light drowsiness, P300 increased in latency and decreased in amplitude, but the counts of infrequent tones remained correct nevertheless. It was concluded that electrophysiological brain function differs in the light drowsy and awake states. In studies on P300, it is essential to rule out light drowsiness to obtain valid P300 amplitudes and latencies.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Two-way cleavage of beta-amyloid protein precursor by multicatalytic proteinase.

The beta-amyloid protein (beta-AP) derived from a beta-amyloid protein precursor (APP) is a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease. The abundant generation of beta-AP suggests the abnormal processing of APP, but the molecular mechanism remains unclear. The main APP-processing enzyme was purified from the rat brain and identified to be a macropain-like multicatalytic proteinase. The purified enzyme cleaved the Gln15-Lys16 bond of beta-AP, but altered to cleave at the N-terminus of beta-AP to release the extracellular domain of beta-AP in the presence of Ca2+. These findings suggest that the functional change in this multicatalytic proteinase may result in abnormal processing of APP.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1992

Quantitative EEG of elderly schizophrenic patients.

To investigate the brain function of elderly schizophrenic patients, quantitative EEGs of such patients were compared with those of healthy elderly controls. In schizophrenics, increases in delta and slow theta (4.0-6.0 Hz) waves were thought to be due to the influence of antipsychotics. Characteristic EEG features of these patients included the following: 1) more fast theta (6.0-8.0 Hz) wave was observed, with less alpha wave faster than 9.0 Hz, 2) the reduction in alpha 3 (10.0-11.0 Hz) wave was limited to the frontal regions. The present EEG findings are thought to characterize the traits of the subtype of chronic severe schizophrenia. The reduction in alpha 3 wave in the frontal regions may be one expression of the hypofrontality of schizophrenia.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1991

Inhibitory effect of sarcophytol A on development of spontaneous hepatomas in mice.

The inhibitory effect of sarcophytol A, a cembrane-type diterpene isolated from a marine soft coral, Sarcophyton glaucum, on development of spontaneous hepatomas was investigated in C3H/HeNCrj mice. A total of 80 mice were divided equally into two groups. The experimental and control groups were given basal diets with and without 0.01% sarcophytol A, respectively. At week 65 of the experiment, mice were examined for hepatomas. The percentages of hepatoma-bearing mice of the subgroup with three or more tumors and the tumor diameters of the group treated with sarcophytol A were smaller than those of the control group. Ridit analysis revealed that these differences were statistically significant. The body weight gain, and the food intake were not significantly different between these two groups. Analysis of blood serum revealed that feeding the diet containing 0.01% sarcophytol A for 65 weeks did not show any adverse effects. These results suggest that sarcophytol A inhibits the development of spontaneous hepatomas without toxicity, and should be considered as a possible cancer chemopreventive agent for hepatomas in humans.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1990

Inhibitory effects of acyclic retinoid (polyprenoic acid) and its hydroxy derivative on cell growth and on secretion of alpha-fetoprotein in human hepatoma-derived cell line (PLC/PRF/5).

Acyclic retinoid (polyprenoic acid) has a slightly different structure from retinoic acid. However, acyclic retinoid acts similarly to retinoic acid, because both bind to cellular retinoic acid-binding protein and cellular retinoid-binding protein. F-type, with the same strong binding affinity. We studied the effects of acyclic retinoid, the 7-hydroxy derivative of acyclic retinoid (7OH-acyclic retinoid) and retinoic acid on a human hepatoma-derived cell line PLC/PRF/5 (Alexander cells). Acyclic retinoid inhibited cell growth with an ID50 value of 14 microM, and reduced cell viability with an LD50 value of 86 microM. The ratios of LD50 value to ID50 value were 6.1 for acyclic retinoid, 2.4 for 7OH-acyclic retinoid and 1.4 for all-trans-retinoic acid. Taking this ratio as a parameter of relative cytotoxicity, we concluded that acyclic retinoid is the least toxic compound. Growth inhibition of cells by acyclic retinoid was associated with the incorporation of 3H-thymidine in the logarithmic phase. Acyclic retinoid reduced secretion of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and reciprocally increased secretion of albumin in the culture media, suggesting that acyclic retinoid influences gene expression of these proteins. Thus, acyclic retinoid, one of the less toxic retinoids, inhibits cell growth of human cancer cell line PLC/PRF/5 and appears to alter gene expression of AFP and albumin toward a "normal" direction.

Acrylates↗
PubMed1990

EEG analysis in patients with senile dementia and Alzheimer's disease.

An EEG frequency analysis using the wave-form recognition method was performed in different stages of senile dementia (SD), evaluated according to the Hasegawa Dementia Rating Scale (HDS), and the differences in EEG changes between patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and patients with SD were studied. We found that the EEG changes in the SD patients correlated with HDS, and that an increase in slow theta (4-5.8 Hz) and a decrease in fast theta (7-7.8 Hz) waves were early changes in the SD patients. Furthermore, delta and slow theta waves increased mainly in the anterior frontal and temporal areas in the severe SD patients. The AD patients showed more severe EEG abnormalities than the SD patients and showed severe focal abnormalities in the temporal area.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Insulin autoimmune syndrome with insulin-resistant diabetes at the incipient stage prior to hypoglycemic attacks.

Insulin autoimmune syndrome is characterized by spontaneous hypoglycemia, glucose intolerance, hyperinsulinemia and insulin-binding antibodies in serum without previous immunization. A 31-year-old man with Graves' disease developed insulin autoantibodies after therapy with methimazole. The patient was unique in that persistent hyperglycemia with polyuria and polydipsia had continued for several days before frequent hypoglycemic attacks appeared. We were able to extract a huge amount of immunoreactive insulin (116,000 microU/ml) with acid-ethanol from his serum obtained in the diabetic stage, and serum C-peptide immunoreactivity was as high as 268 ng/ml. The insulin-binding activity of his serum was quite potent, and when 1:5,000 diluted serum was incubated with 125I-porcine insulin, 71.2% of the label could be precipitated by polyethylene glycol. The insulin-binding protein was identified as mainly IgG with kappa light chains. Insulin-binding activity was not detected in serum obtained before methimazole therapy, suggesting that the drug was responsible for the induction of antibodies in this patient. The antibodies recognized porcine, sheep, bovine and horse insulins as well as human insulin. The mechanisms by which the antibodies produced hyper- and hypoglycemia have also been discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[General pharmacology of T-2588, a new oral cephem antibiotic].

A new oral cephem antibiotic, T-2588, the pivaloyloxymethyl ester of (+)-(6R, 7R)-7-[(Z)-2-(2-amino-4-thiazolyl)-2-methoxyiminoacetamido]-3- [(5-methyl-2H-tetrazol-2-yl)methyl]-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2. 0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid (T-2525), is mainly absorbed from the intestinal tract and biotransformed to T-2525 thereafter. General pharmacological activities of T-2588 were studied and following results were obtained. On the central nervous system, T-2588 did not show any effects at oral doses of 500-2,000 mg/kg and T-2525 produced only a slight elevation of body temperature in rabbits without any other effects at an intravenous dose of 500 mg/kg. On the respiratory and cardiovascular systems, T-2525 caused a slight hypotension and increased both respiratory rate and femoral blood flow, but no changes were observed in heart rate and electrocardiogram in dogs at an intravenous dose of 500 mg/kg. The T-2525 exerted no significant influence on blood pressure response to isoproterenol, acetylcholine or histamine, but showed a slight tendency to decrease pressor response to adrenaline in dogs at intravenous doses of 100-500 mg/kg. For the renal function in rats, T-2588 had no effects on urine volume, electrolytes and PSP excretion at oral doses of 500-2,000 mg/kg. Intravenous administration of T-2525 caused an increase of sodium excretion at 500 mg/kg and dose-dependent increases of PSP excretion at 20-500 mg/kg. Hematological studies revealed that both T-2588 at oral doses of 500-2,000 mg/kg and T-2525 at intravenous doses of 100-500 mg/kg had no effects on bleeding time in mice, blood coagulation and platelet aggregation in rats. The T-2588 exerted no effect on the gastrointestinal system in rats or mice and had no antiinflammatory activity in rats at oral doses of 500-2,000 mg/kg. The T-2525 scarcely affected the motilities of isolated smooth muscle preparations in experimental animals including stomach, ileum, colon, uterus, vas deferens and trachea at a concentration as high as 10(-3) g/ml. The T-2525 increased bile secretion in rats at intravenous doses of 100-500 mg/kg. The T-2525 slightly decreased the twitch tension of musculus gastrocnemius induced by electrical stimulation in rats at an intravenous dose of 500 mg/kg. These results indicate that T-2588 is a pharmacologically inactive antibiotic.

Animals↗