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Biomedical subjects

M Olson

Publications and source records attributed to M Olson.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Therapeutic touch and post-Hurricane Hugo stress.

This repeated-session design sought to answer questions about the effectiveness of therapeutic touch in reduction of stress for 23 individuals following a natural disaster. In addition, methodological issues related to the average length of time for a therapeutic-touch treatment and a method of documenting the nonverbal interaction between subject and toucher were investigated. Findings indicate that stressed people report themselves to be less stressed following therapeutic touch (p = .05). Time of therapeutic-touch intervention varied significantly between the touchers, with a range of 6.8 to 20 minutes. Qualitative data examining the interaction of toucher and subject raised a number of questions that require further study.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Viscoelastic influence on wall and baroreceptors of rabbit carotid sinus.

This study examined multifiber baroreceptor nerve activity (BNA) as a function of carotid sinus wall distension in 19 rabbits. Analysis estimated mechanical or viscoelastic properties of the sinus wall and their influence on BNA. In six sinuses, properties were altered by treatment with the enzyme protease to remove the endothelium and with nifedipine to passively relax smooth muscle. Properties were estimated from dynamic and steady state wall response to a 45 mm Hg step increase and decrease in intrasinus pressure (ISP) of 20 min. Control wall response had fast and slow (creep) portions with a viscosity increase from 1,370 N(s)/m to 17,864 N(s)/m during step-up in ISP. Wall elasticity averaged 77 N/m; which estimated the relationship of force and change in steady state response. Control BNA response also had fast and slow (resetting) portions. A BNA and wall response relationship (BNA/m) was defined as transduction-gain (T-G) with proportional and dynamic components. In the subgroup, wall creep and baroreceptor resetting were abolished by protease treatment, suggesting an endothelial mediator which influenced sinus smooth muscle. Histology data indicated enzyme damage was limited to tunica intima tissues, and nifedipine did not block Ca2+ channels on neural structures. By comparison of responses before and after treatments the proportional component of T-G was equated to an elastic influence (1/E), with E = 7.5 x 10(-6) m/BNA, while the dynamic component was equated to a viscous influence (1/V), with V = 1.53 x 10(-4) m(s)/BNA. A simple but fundamental relationship for baroreceptor-tissue linkages was estimated by BNA/m = 1/(Vs + E), a first-order transfer function.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Organization of the 5S rRNA genes in the soybean Glycine max (L.) Merrill and conservation of the 5S rDNA repeat structure in higher plants.

The 5S rRNA gene of the soybean Glycine max (L.) Merr. has been cloned on a 556-bp fragment of DNA and sequenced. This fragment contains two copies of the soybean 5S rDNA sequence, one intact and one truncated, separated by noncoding DNA. We have used this clone to investigate the organization of the 5S genes within the soybean genome and the extent of their methylation. Our results demonstrate that soybean 5S genes are clustered, organized into tandem repeats of 330 bp, and extensively methylated. Hybridization of the 5S sequence to Southern transfers of soybean DNA digested with BamHI reveals a striking ladderlike pattern. Hybridization of the soybean 5S sequence to a wide variety of plant DNAs results in similar patterns, suggesting that the 5S rDNA sequence, gene organization, and methylation pattern are conserved in many higher plants.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1990

Variations of broncho-alveolar lavage techniques affect cell recoveries.

Broncho-alveolar lavage (BAL) has become a routine method of sampling airway and alveolar milieu. Variations of BAL techniques, such as application of chest massage, may have an effect on cell yields. We compared numbers and composition of cells obtained by BAL with and without chest massage from naive rats and from rats infected 7 days earlier with 3,000 larvae of Nippostrongylus brasiliensis. Both techniques revealed significant increases in numbers of agranulocytes and granulocytes after N. brasiliensis infection, but the total yield of cells was 4-5 times greater when massage was used. The use of massage consistently increased the yield of macrophages, but did not result in consistently greater yields of lymphocytes or granulocytes.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

In-service education for home health aides by home health aides.

Gerontological nursing as an emerging specialty is now recognized by all professional nurses as a legitimate professional entity capable of governing the care of older adults through implementation of standards of care. The historical upgrading of care is now reaching its culmination in the newly revised document titled Scope and Standards of Gerontological Nursing as published in 1988 by the Council of Gerontological Nursing of the American Nurses Association. The utilization of these standards should continue to assist nurses in whatever facility they may practice to upgrade the care delivered through partnership with the older adult and their family to a high degree of satisfaction for the consumer and the gerontological nurse practitioner. Expanded knowledge, expertise in skill and care measured by the standards of care are key components in achieving success as a professional nurse and bring pride to the profession of nursing.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Hyperphosphorylation of N-60, a protein structurally and immunologically related to nucleolin after tumour-promoter treatment.

Okadaic acid, a non-TPA-type tumour promoter, induces hyperphosphorylation of a 60-kd protein in primary human fibroblasts. Treatment with TPA-type tumour promoters (e.g. TPA and teleocidin) did not cause this hyperphosphorylation. Phosphorylation of this protein was not seen at times earlier than 90 min after the addition of 75 ng/ml okadaic acid to the proliferating cell cultures. The presence of inhibitors such as actinomycin D and cycloheximide, did not significantly influence the level of hyperphosphorylation induced by okadaic acid treatment. By immunoblotting using an antibody anti-nucleolin, the 60-kd protein was identified as a fragment of nucleolar protein, nucleolin. Similarly, antibodies against the 60-kd protein cross-reacted with nucleolin. Furthermore peptide mapping, using staphylococcal V8 protease, showed that the 60-kd protein phosphorylated by casein kinase II in vitro and the okadaic-acid-induced hyperphosphorylated 60-kd protein exhibited identical phosphopeptide maps, indicating that there is also structural relatedness between N-60 and nucleolin. Hyperphosphorylation of the nucleolin fragment (N-60) was suppressed by anti-tumour promoter retinoic acid.

Carcinogens↗
PubMed1988

Effects of thyroidectomy, parathyroidectomy and lithium on circadian wheelrunning in rats.

Circadian rhythms and levels of wheelrunning were studied in thyroidectomized, parathyroidectomized, thyro-parathyroidectomized, and sham-operated male rats. Animals were entrained to a 12:12 light:dark schedule, then exposed to constant dim red illumination, and then given a diet containing lithium. Under constant conditions, free-running circadian activity rhythms were shorter, and levels of activity were greater, in thyroidectomized and thyroparathyroidectomized animals. Lithium reversed these effects, lengthening free-running circadian periods in all groups, with a greater reduction of activity observed in animals with thyroids removed. Parathyroidectomy had no clear effects. Since lithium slowed circadian rhythms and reduced activity even in the absence of intact thyroid or parathyroid glands, these effects may have been due to the action of lithium at some other site. The same may be true of other thyroid suppressors reported to affect circadian rhythms. These findings may be relevant to the biological substrates of major affective disorders in humans, which have been associated with abnormalities of thyroid function, abnormally short circadian rhythms, abnormal activity levels, and responsiveness to lithium therapy.

Animals↗