To establish mineral and trace element requirements for very low birth it is important to prevent bone mineral disorder. Those infants fed mother's milk only are thought to be at higher risk of this disorder. Both calcium and phosphorus supplementation were thought to be needed to prevent it. Copper and zinc are important as cofactors of major enzymes involved in the synthesis of collagen. These trace elements especially zinc may not be enough for very low birth weight infants fed mother's milk. At present however the relationship between these trace elements and minerals, and bone metabolic disease in preterm infants is not completely clear.

Humans↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Chronic, infantile, neurological, cutaneous and articular syndrome in Japan; two case reports.

We report two Japanese children with chronic, infantile, neurological, cutaneous and articular syndrome. Although the shoulder joint lesion has been rare in the literature of Europe and America, our first case showed overgrowth of the epiphysis in the bilateral shoulder joints. The second case exhibited severe growth retardation caused by early closure of the physis. The influence of GH is irrelevant in this syndrome. The existence of this syndrome in the Orient should be recognized.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗