Biomedical subjects

M Okazaki

Publications and source records attributed to M Okazaki.

637 records · Page 36Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

Serological studies on schistosomiasis mansoni in the northeast Brazil (I).

Sera from the patients (N = 10) with schistosomiasis mansoni of the hospital of Federal University of Pernambuco, the Schistosoma mansoni egg-positive (N = 51) and -negative (N = 452) inhabitants in Cabo City area, out-patients (N = 37) of the IMIP hospital and Japanese immigrants (N = 127) in Petrolina City area of northeast Brazil as well as Japanese healthy subjects (N = 30) were examined by serological tests including an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with antigens prepared from eggs (ELISA-egg) and adult worms (ELISA-adult). The ELISA with egg or adult antigen correctly identified 100% of the uninfected individuals lived in non-endemic area of schistosomiasis. Moreover, when examined cross-reactivity of our ELISA with sera isolated from 78 subjects infected with various intestinal parasitic infections, only one of these sera reacted with the egg and adult antigens. On the examination of 51 sera from the egg-positive subjects, the ELISA-egg revealed the highest sensitivity (98.0%), whereas a large number of false negative reactions of ELISA-adult, Ouchterlony method using adult antigen, circumoval precipitation and immediate intradermal skin test were observed. A low sensitivity of these serologic tests except for ELISA-egg appears to be primarily due to their inability to detect antibody in the sera from egg-positive infantiles. There was no positive correlation between the absorbance values of these two types of ELISA among the sera isolated from ELISA-positive subjects. Rather, by the reactivity of these sera to egg or adult antigen, they could be divided into two subgroups; one reacted more positively with egg antigen and the other with adult antigen. Moreover, it was confirmed that the sera from young subjects (under 20 years old) appear to be highly reactive to the egg antigen than did aged ones. These data suggest that the ELISA with egg antigen, but not with the adult antigen, appears to be useful for the serological survey of schistosomiasis mansoni in the endemic area of northeast Brazil.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Neoadjuvant intraarterial high-dose chemotherapy and autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation for advanced breast cancer.

Eight locally advanced breast cancer patients were treated with neoadjuvant intraarterial high-dose chemotherapy (epirubicin) plus MPA combined with autologous PBSCT. All patients completed the scheduled treatment, and there were no toxic deaths. Patients were treated with an escalating dose of epirubicin (370-480 mg) and cyclophosphamide (0-6000 mg). The rate of clinical response was 100%. The rate of good histologic response was 87.5% in the main tumor and 75% in diseased lymph nodes. The 2-year survival rate was 100%. Six patients were disease-free at the time of writing. This treatment resulted in higher rates of clinical and histologic response when compared with standard-dose intraarterial chemotherapy.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Neoadjuvant intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy combined with hormonal therapy for locally advanced breast cancer.

To determine the efficacy of combined neoadjuvant intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy and hormonal therapy for treating locally advanced breast cancer, we compared the outcomes of patients with or without this therapy, and also assessed histologic response. Ninety-four patients with locally advanced breast cancer (stage IIIa, 56; stage IIIb, 38). Nineteen stage IIIa and 17 stage IIIb patients received intra-arterial plus hormonal therapy while 37 stage IIIa and 21 stage IIIb patients with similar ages and follow-up durations did not. Treated patients received intra-arterial epirubicin plus oral medroxy-progesterone. Five-year disease-free survival rates were 77.5% for intra-arterially treated and 33.0% for other patients in stage IIIa, and 70.5% for intra-arterially treated and 38.1% for other patients in stage IIIb. Five-year overall survival rates were 94.4% for intra-arterially treated and 61.7% for other patients in stage IIIa, and 90.9% for intra-arterially treated and 56.3% for other patients in stage IIIb. Ten-year overall survival rates in stage IIIb were 90.9% for treated and 22.5% for other group patents. All differences were statistically significant (p<0.05). Good histologic response to intra-arterial therapy was seen in 75% of the primary tumors and 71% of involved lymph nodes. Neoadjuvant intra-arterial therapy with hormonal therapy yielded better survival rates than no intra-arterial therapy or our previous intra-arterial regimen.

Administration, Oral↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of clinofibrate on plasma fibrinogen level in high fructose diet-induced hyperlipidemic rats.

Effects of clinofibrate on the coagulative and fibrinolytic activity in an intrinsic hyperlipidemia induced by a cholesterol free-high fructose diet (HFD) for 14 days were studied using male Wistar rats. There were significant and positive correlations between plasma fibrinogen level and serum lipid content, and between fibrinogen level and VLDL-LDL-lipid content. Clinofibrate administration (50 and 100 mg/kg/day, p.o.) significantly inhibited the increase in plasma fibrinogen level as well as serum- and VLDL-LDL-lipids. It is concluded that clinofibrate, in addition to its beneficial effect on the serum lipid profile, can effectively reduce the plasma fibrinogen level.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Surgical management of large hepatocellular carcinomas: criteria for curative hepatectomy.

This study was designed to determine the criteria for curative resection in hepatectomy for large hepatocellular carcinoma. The extent of resection was closely related to recurrence rate, and complete removal of the involved segments was found to be essential for curative hepatectomy. Patients with satellite nodules had a high incidence of recurrence; in fact, carcinoma recurred in all patients, with satellite nodules scattered through more than one segment, despite whole tumor removal. However, curative resection could be achieved in patients with portal involvement confined to the second portal branches, when the tumor, including tumor thrombi, was removed en bloc. On the basis of these results, we define complete en bloc removal of the involved segments, including portal involvements, as curative resection, even though curative hepatectomy is not attainable in patients with satellite nodules in more than one segment and/or tumor thrombi in the first branches or truncus of the portal vein.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Using compensating filters to reduce radiation dose.

The study described in this article explores the role of compensating filters in reducing radiation exposure. Radiation exposure levels with and without filters were compared in skull radiographs, hepatic angiographs and one-shot full-length lower extremity radiographs. Absorbed doses were measured with and without a skull filter in a phantom at a depth of 5 cm. Results showed that filters reduced exposure by 29% in skull radiographs, 47% in hepatic angiographs and 80% in one-shot full-length lower extremity radiographs. Absorbed doses were reduced by more than 26% in the skull phantom in the filtered area. To reduce patient dose, the filters were positioned between the x-ray tube and the patient.

Absorption↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Involvement of enhanced coagulation and fibrinolysis system in induction of atherosclerosis in hyperlipidemic rabbits fed on a high cholesterol diet.

We studied the involvement of coagulation and fibrinolysis system in the induction and development of atherosclerosis in rabbits with hyperlipidemia induced by a high-cholesterol diet (HCD). In HCD rabbits, plasma lipids and atherogenic indices were maintained at a high level throughout the experimental period compared with those in rabbits fed on a standard diet. In the early phase, a significant increase in fibrinogen level was followed by increases in the activities of plasminogen and tissue-type plasminogen activator with a decrease in alpha 2-plasmin inhibitor activity and platelet count. In the middle and late phases, significant increases in plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and antithrombin-III were observed in HCD rabbits. These results suggest that the early enhancement of coagulation followed by high activity of fibrinolysis is involved in the induction and development of hyperlipidemic thromboembolism and atherosclerosis in HCD rabbits.

Angiography, Digital Subtraction↗