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Biomedical subjects

M Okazaki

Publications and source records attributed to M Okazaki.

At least 541 records · Page 30Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Effects of single moxibustion on phagocytic activity in mice.

Effects of moxibustion stimulation on the phagocytic activity of the reticuloendothelial system in ddY and ICR mice has been studied by using the carbon clearance methods. It was found that moxibustion stimulation induced the enhancement of the phagocytic activity with increased phagocytic indexes (K and a indexes) and lysosomal enzyme activities in mice peritoneal exudate cells and peritoneal macrophages. In addition, the increase of carbon uptake in the Kupffer cells of the liver after carbon injection can be seen by light microscopy when compared with that of nontreated mice. Few big holes on the cell surface of the macrophages obtained from the moxibustion mice were observed in scanning electron microscopical studies. These results suggest that the moxibustion treatment caused the enhancement of the host defence mechanisms in mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

In vivo antitumor activity of neocarzinostatin (NCS)-tumor antibody conjugate against a transplantable human leukemia cell line (BALL-1).

The in vivo antitumor activity of NCS-immune immunoglobulin G (IgG) [Neocarzinostatin (NCS) conjugated with rabbit IgG antibody against a human leukemia cell line (NALL-1)] was evaluated in immunosuppressed newborn Syrian hamsters into which a transplantable human leukemia cell line, BALL-1 was implanted. After intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of the conjugate, hamsters preinoculated i.p. with BALL-1 cells survived longer than hamsters treated with control solutions (p less than 0.01). The control solutions were NCS, immune IgG, a mixture of NCS and immune IgG, NCS-normal IgG conjugate and physiological saline. There was no change in body weight in the NCS-immune IgG-treated hamsters. The growth of subcutaneously (s.c.) implanted BALL-1 tumors was also inhibited by i.p. administration of NCS-immune IgG; however, the degree of inhibition was not significantly different from that obtained by administration of NCS alone, a mixture of NCS and immune IgG or NCS-normal IgG conjugate. These results indicate that NCS-immune IgG was effective against i.p. BALL-1 tumors, but was less effective against s.c. implanted tumors.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Effect of chemotherapy on the interstitial tissue of a malignant human tumor transplanted into nude mice, with reference to microvessels].

Experimental chemotherapy of cyclophosphamide (CPA) was performed on a human malignant hemangiopericytoma serially transplanted into nude mice with a genetic background of BALB/c and the changes or histological findings and microangiograms (MAG) were investigated. The treatment was performed 2 weeks after tumor inoculation. Either 120 mg/kg or 240 mg/kg of CPA, dissolved in 0.2 ml of physiological saline, was administered once intraperitoneally. On days 1, 2, 4 and 7 after the treatment, mice were sacrificed and each tumor was examined in terms of histological findings and MAG. Although the tumors treated with 120 mg/kg of CPA were suppressed temporarily, the regrowth of the tumors were observed. The tumors treated with 240 mg/kg of CPA regressed without any regrowth. From the observations of MAG, the former showed an avascular area on day 4 after the treatment and the tumor vessels regenerated on day 7 after the treatment. On the other hand, in the latter group, it was found that the normal vascular network developed after the formation of an avascular area 2 days after the treatment. From the histological findings, the former showed to reduce mitotic indeces of 1 or 2 days after the treatment, however the mitotic indeces were found to recover 7 days after the treatment. Mitotic indeces of tumors treated with 240 mg/kg of CPA were observed to be depressed after the treatment. These results suggested that the changes of interstitial tissue were closely correlated well with the destruction and regrowth of tumor cells observed by the growth curve and histological findings. Tumor vessels were thought to play an important role in the cancer chemotherapy, not only as the transport systems of drugs but also as the target of antitumor agents.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Clinical experience with cefoxitin in the field of gastrointestinal surgery].

A total of 20 patients involved in gastrointestinal surgery was treated with cefoxitin (CFX). Ten patients were treated for postoperative infections and the other 10 patients were given CFX to prevent postoperative infections. The following results were obtained: In 10 patients treated for postoperative infections, 5 responses were judged "excellent", 1 "good", 2 "fair", 1 "poor" and 1 "unknown". In 25 strains of bacteria isolated from these patients, 21 were eradicated, 3 were replaced and 1 was unknown. In 10 patients given CFX for prevention of postoperative infections, 9 were judged "excellent" and the remaining 1 "good". No side effects were observed in any of the patients treated with CFX.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Serum lipoprotein measurement--liquid chromatography and sequential floatation (ultracentrifugation) compared.

An HPLC method [J. Biochem. (Tokyo) 91:1381, 1982] was used for evaluating serum lipoproteins, with on-line monitoring of either cholesterol or phospholipids. Five well-distinguished lipoprotein fractions were observed, based on their particle sizes. Serum of 15 normal persons, 12 subjects with various types of hyperlipidemia, 20 patients with various liver diseases, and two cases of familial LCAT deficiency were examined and the results compared with those by a sequential ultracentrifugal floatation technique. In the normal group, the amounts of fractions 2, 3, and 4 by the HPLC method correlated well with concentrations of the LDL, HDL2, and HDL3 fractions as measured by the ultracentrifugal method, respectively. In the hyperlipidemic group, similar good correlations were observed between fractions 1, 2, 3, 4 and chylomicrons + VLDL, LDL, HDL2, and HDL3 fractions, respectively. For those with liver diseases or LCAT deficiency, the corresponding fractions correlated less well, and characteristically the elution profile of lipoproteins in these groups showed heterogeneity of particle size within each lipoprotein density class, especially in LDL and HDL2.

Cholesterol↗
PubMed1982

High-performance liquid chromatography of human serum lipoproteins. Selective detection of choline-containing phospholipids by enzymatic reaction.

A convenient method for the quantitation of choline-containing phospholipids in each lipoprotein fraction has been developed by combining separation by high-performance liquid chromatography with gel permeation columns and selective detection by enzymatic reaction in the post-column effluent. The elution patterns monitored by choline-containing phospholipids were compared with those monitored by cholesterol. The elution patterns of choline-containing phospholipids were found to give much more information about the distribution of lipoproteins according to their particle-size differentiation than analyses done by cholesterol. This choline-containing phospholipid monitoring method not only resolves lipoprotein peaks of the major classes (chylomicron + VLDL, LDL, HDL2 and HDL3) quantitatively, but also detects the presence of abnormal lipoproteins containing a large amount of choline-containing phospholipids. We could detect these abnormal lipoproteins using a small amount of whole serum (10-20 microliter) from patients with various liver diseases. Our examination of HDL subclasses using this technique showed that the HDL fraction was composed of several subfractions due to their particle-size differentiation.

Cholesterol↗
PubMed1982

High-performance liquid chromatography of human serum lipoproteins: selective detection of triglycerides by enzymatic reaction.

A simple and convenient method for detection and quantitation of triglycerides in each lipoprotein fraction (chylomicron, VLDL, LDL and HDL) has been developed by high-performance liquid chromatography followed by enzymatic reaction using a high-speed reaction type chromatograph. Triglycerides in serum lipoproteins eluted from the gel permeation column (TSK GEL) could be sensitively and selectively detected by the absorbance at 550 nm using a commercial reagent kit. The distribution of triglycerides in each lipoprotein fraction could be examined with a small amount of serum (10-50 microliters) in less than 50 min by this method. Moreover, free glycerol could be detected as a sharp peak at the elution volume of total permeation of the column. This technique was found to be suitable for the study of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins such as chylomicron and VLDL.

Chromatography, Gel↗
PubMed1982

Crystallinity, solubility, and dissolution rate behavior of fluoridated CO3 apatites.

To study the effect of fluoride on the physicochemical properties of carbonate-containing apatites, two series of fluoridated CO3 apatites with various fluoride contents were synthesized at 80 degrees C and pH 7.4. The alpha-axis dimensions of these apatites decreased with the increase of both fluoride and carbonate contents. The crystallinity of the apatites showed similar patterns of variation with the degree of fluoridation irrespective of carbonate content. These patterns appear analogous to the complex pattern of the fluoridated hydroxyapatites previously reported. In contrast to this unexpected crystallinity phenomena, the apparent solubility of fluoridated CO3 apatites in acetate buffer solutions at pH 4.0 and 6.0 and 37 degrees C decreased monotonically with increasing degree of fluoridation and approached that of fluoridated hydroxyapatites at high fluoride content. Dissolution rate of fluoridated CO3 apatite pellets at pH 4.0 also showed a simple decrease with increasing degree of fluoridation and was extremely sensitive to acid at low fluoride content.

Apatites↗
PubMed1982

Quantitation method for choline-containing phospholipids in human serum lipoproteins by high performance liquid chromatography.

A determination method for choline-containing phospholipids in serum lipoproteins was established by application of the HPLC method [Hara et al. (1980) J. Biochem. 87, 1863-1865; (1981) 89, 879-887] developed for cholesterol quantitation. The concentration of choline-containing phospholipids in the fraction separated by HPLC using gel permeation columns was determined through colorimetric detection using a commercial enzymatic kit. The optimum conditions for enzymatic reaction in the flow diagram were examined. The concentration calculated from the A500 peak area was found to reflect very precisely the concentration of choline-containing phospholipids in all lipoprotein fractions, and the quantitation of each lipoprotein fraction can be performed with only 10-20 microliters of whole serum. Monitoring the elution patterns by detecting choline-containing phospholipids can give much more information about lipoprotein distributions according to particle size than analyses done by detecting cholesterol.

Chemical Phenomena↗
PubMed1982

Heterogeneity of human serum high density lipoproteins on high performance liquid chromatography.

A combination method consisting of separation by HPLC using gel permeation columns and selective detection of cholesterol or choline-containing phospholipids was applied to the identification and quantitation of subclasses of high density lipoproteins in human serum. The frequency distribution of peaks in the elution patterns on detection of choline-containing phospholipids in a group (n = 71) of normal males and females showed five maxima. Their particle sizes were determined from the relation between Stokes' diameter and elution volume to be as follows: 122.0 +/- 2.8 A, 110.1 +/- 2.1 A, 97.5 +/- 1.8 A, 86.7 +/- 1.3 A, and 76.3 +/- 16 A. The two larger fractions were found to correspond to HDL2 subclasses, i.e., HDL2b and HDL2a. The other three peaks were found to reflect the subclasses of HDL3 and choline-containing phospholipids in the very high density lipoprotein fraction which sedimented at the bottom on ultracentrifugation at the density of 1.21. Moreover, the existence of these five subclasses in the HDL fraction was confirmed by rechromatography using this combination HPLC method. Our results for the particle sizes of HDL subclasses were confirmed by electron microscopy.

Chemical Phenomena↗
PubMed1982

Effect of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid on glucosylation of scopoletin to scopolin in tobacco tissue culture.

2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) stimulated the formation of scopoletin and scopolin in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L. ;Bright Yellow') cell culture. It especially stimulated the uptake of scopoletin from culture medium into the cells and the glucosylation of scopoletin to its monoglucoside, scopolin. This phenomenon is peculiar to 2,4-D, in contrast to other plant hormones. 2,4-D (1 mug/ml) stimulated the glucosylation of scopoletin to scopolin by enhancing UDP-glucose:scopoletin glucosyltransferase (SGTase) activity. The enhancement of SGTase activity caused by treatment with 2,4-D was observed when the syntheses of RNA and protein were inhibited by either actinomycin-D and/or cycloheximide. However, the stimulatory effect of 2,4-D was inhibited by treatment with dinitrophenol. Furthermore, SGTase with or without treatment by 2,4-D in vivo for 24 hours, was isolated from cultured tobacco cells. The enzymes were purified about 200-fold by precipitation with (NH(4))(2)SO(4) and chromatography with Sephadex G-100, DEAE-cellulose, and hydroxyapatite. The specific activity of 2,4-D-treated SGTase was 10 times higher than that of untreated SGTase even in the purified fraction, which showed one protein band under electrophoresis. These results suggest that the enhancement of SGTase activity by 2,4-D is due to the energy-dependent activation of the enzyme already present, but not due to the de novo synthesis of the enzyme.

Journal Article↗