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Biomedical subjects

M Okano

Publications and source records attributed to M Okano.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[Two cases of emphysematous pyelonephritis--considerations on the choice of treatment].

Emphysematous pyelonephritis is a severe infection characterized by the presence of gas within the renal parenchyma and perirenal tissues. Two cases of this disease are presented. They were the 16th and 17th case reported in Japan. Case 1 was a 63-year-old woman with diabetes mellitus and liver cirrhosis. She was hospitalized for abdominal pain and anuria. Renal X-rays showed a gas shadow in and around the left kidney, but no evidence of upper urinary tract obstruction. Although hemodialysis was done, she died of heart failure. Case 2 was a 54-year-old man with diabetes mellitus was admitted with the complaint of fever and left abdominal pain. Renal X-rays showed a gas shadow in and around the left kidney but no evidence of upper urinary tract obstruction. He was treated with intensive antibiotic therapy, control of blood sugar, intravenous drips and percutaneous drainage. Clinical features improved, but deteriorated after 40 days of therapy. The gas shadow remained unchanged on CT scanning, and aortography showed the occlusion of the left renal artery. Nephrectomy was done after 50 days. Seventeen cases of emphysematous pyelonephritis in the literature including our cases are reviewed, especially the choice of the treatment is discussed.

Drainage↗
PubMed1987

[A case of vesicosigmoidal fistula secondary to diverticulitis of the colon].

A case of vesicosigmoidal fistula secondary to the diverticulitis of colon is reported. A 63-year-old man was admitted to our clinic with the chief complaint of pneumaturia. Cystoscopy revealed an edematous, papillomatous lesion at the left posterior bladder wall. Although multiple diverticulosis of descending and sigmoid colon were demonstrated by barium enema, the presence of a fistula from the intestine to bladder was not confirmed. The presence of fistula was confirmed by detecting the orally administered charcoal in the urine. Resection of sigmoid colon with partial cystectomy was performed. Removed specimen revealed multiple sigmoidal diverticula and a fistula from a sigmoidal diverticulum to bladder through a firm mass. Histological examination of mass demonstrated inflammatory changes. This was the 58th case of vesicosigmoidal fistula due to diverticulitis of colon reported in the Japanese literature.

Diverticulitis, Colonic↗
PubMed1987

[Report of a case of a renal arteriovenous malformation presenting an unusual computed tomographic finding].

A fifty-three-year-old woman was admitted for gross hematuria and left lumbago. She was diagnosed as having left renal arteriovenous malformation (AVM) by renal angiography, but contrast enhanced CT of her left kidney demonstrated a low density area of renal parenchyma adjacent to AVM. Because a renal tumor could not be denied completely, we performed translumbar nephrectomy. No renal tumor was found in the removed kidney, and she was diagnosed as having cirsoid type AVM of the left kidney. The low density area in contrast enhanced CT was suspected to be indicating the ischemic renal parenchyma due to the steal phenomenon of renal AVM. This is the first report of a renal AVM with ischemic renal parenchyma demonstrated by CT.

Arteriovenous Malformations↗
PubMed1986

Production of human monoclonal antibodies against Epstein-Barr virus-specific antigens by the virus-immortalized lymphoblastoid cell lines.

The possible production of human monoclonal antibodies against Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) was assessed through the EBV immortalization technique. When individual lymphocyte samples from 50 clinical patients and healthy donors were immortalized by EBV, 4 lymphoblastoid lines yielded antibodies to EBV antigens. These positive lines were cloned and each line yielded cultures that secreted monoclonal antibodies against either viral capsid antigen (VCA) or membrane antigen (MA) component. Above all, a clonal line TAKA-SP-8 produced 5 micrograms MA antibody/10(6) cells/ml for more than 12 months. The culture fluid specifically immunoprecipitated a single polypeptide with a size of 93K from both P3HR-1 and B95-8 cell extracts. FUKA-SP-3, on the other hand, secreted 5 micrograms VCA antibody/10(6) cells/ml for at least 8 months. This antibody recognized two polypeptides with sizes of 123K and 120K, from P3HR-1 and B95-8 cell extracts, respectively. When B95-8 and P3HR-1 EBV were treated with the human MA monoclonal, both nuclear antigen (EBNA) synthesis and early antigen (EA) induction were strongly inhibited. All EBV antibody-producing cultures were exclusively achieved from splenic lymphocytes of patients with autoimmune diseases, but not from other donors.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1986

Clinical evaluation of gamma-seminoprotein in prostate cancer.

Gamma-seminoprotein (gamma-Sm), a potential new marker for prostate cancer, has been evaluated with a sandwich-type enzyme immunoassay (EIA). This assay system has been confirmed to have a sensitivity and detectable range of 3.0 and 3.0-100 ng/ml, respectively, with a high reproducibility (approximately equal to 6% coefficient of variation between assays). A total of 256 serum samples were drawn from normal Japanese subjects for detection of gamma-Sm. Serum gamma-Sm was undetectable (less than 3.0 ng/ml) in 26 samples from 26 females. In 230 male cases, serum gamma-Sm levels ranged from less than 3.0 to 4.0 ng/ml. These values were not related to age. An upper normal limit of 3.6 ng/ml was calculated for 99 percentile Japanese males (n = 103) over 50 years of age. Serum gamma-Sm was detected in 192 untreated male patients with urological diseases. Gamma Sm levels (mean +/- SD) in each disease were as follows: prostate cancer (n = 64) 11.0 +/- 17.9 ng/ml; benign prostatic hypertrophy (n = 50), 3.02 +/- 0.113; bladder cancer (n = 58), 3.13 +/- 0.514; and renal adenocarcinoma (n = 30), 3.26 +/- 1.01. Serum gamma-Sm levels were statistically higher (p less than 0.05) in the prostate cancer group, however, there was no statistical difference in gamma-Sm levels among clinical stages or histopathologic grades. Furthermore, serum gamma-Sm values showed no correlation (r = 0.3870) with prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP), but were slightly correlated to prostate antigen (PA) levels (r = 0.6980) in patients with prostate cancer. These results suggest that gamma-Sm is a potential tumor marker of prostate cancer and that serially detected serum gamma-Sm levels could be used to monitor the disease.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1986

A Japanese Burkitt's lymphoma with t(2;8) and EBNA.

A 56-year-old Japanese man was admitted to the hospital with a large mass in his right axilla. Histological investigation revealed that it was a Burkitt's lymphoma. Ultrastructures of the tumor cells showed immature lymphoid features with frequent lipid droplets within the cytoplasms. Virological studies before the treatment revealed that the lymphoma was closely related to EB virus infection, being positive for EBNA (more than 95% of all tumor cells) and IgG antibodies to VCA (X 5,120), EA (X 640), and EBNA (X 160). The tumor cells exhibited low levels of cytoplasmic IgM and other properties of B cells. They were positively stained with L26, L27, Leu 14, and HLA-DR MAb. In cultured tumor cells, L25 and CALLA antigens were demonstrated, but no surface Ig was shown. In contrast, the tumor cells were negative for T cell markers including AcP, E-receptor, and Leu 1, 2, and 3. Cytogenetic studies demonstrated that the karyotype of the tumor cells was 46, XY, dup (1q), t(2;8)/46, X, -Y, t(2;8), +mar. VEMP therapy was immediately conducted. However, following a two-month partial remission, a relapse with bone marrow infiltration occurred. Thus, a case of Japanese Burkitt's lymphoma with EBNA (+) and t(2;8) properties is described, and the relationships among primary sites, phenotypes, and genotypes are discussed.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1986

[Studies on Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection and reactivity of peripheral B lymphocytes to EBV in patients with ataxia telangiectasia].

Ataxia telangiectasia (AT) is a primary immunodeficiency syndrome characterized by oculocutaneous telangiectasia, ataxia, recurrent infection and development of malignancies. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a B-cell lymphocytotropic virus which causes infectious mononucleosis and is also highly associated with Burkitt's lymphoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma and lymphoproliferative disorders in immunodeficient patients. 10 Japanese patients with AT were studied concerning the status of EBV infection by specific EBV serology, and reactivity of peripheral lymphocytes to EBV. All the AT patients had high EBV antibody titers of IgG to viral capsid antigen (VCA) and early antigen (EA), while low titers of IgG to EBV-associated nuclear antigen (EBNA), compared with age and sex matched healthy controls. However, significant differences were not apparent with antibodies to several other viruses between the AT patients and controls. These antibody characteristics were thought to be that an activated EBV infection occurred in AT patients. Then the lymphocytes were exposed to B95-8 strain EBV. There was no significant differences in EBNA induction frequency at 24 hours prior to cellular DNA synthesis, between the AT and controls. EBV-specific T cell killer function was very low as judged with the days of establishment of lymphoblastoid cells expressing EBNA on all cells after EBV exposure, when compared with the lymphocytes from controls. These AT lymphoblastoid cells easily expressed EA and VCA by cultivation at lower temperature of 33 degrees C, 12-0-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate treatment, 60Co irradiation and by P3HR-1 strain EBV infection. Malignant transformation with high colony forming efficiency in soft agarose and tumor formation in nude mice easily occurred with some of AT lymphoblastoid cells.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Epstein-Barr virus infection and oncogenesis in primary immunodeficiency.

Lymphomas occurred in 3 of 16 Japanese patients with ataxia telangiectasia (AT) and Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS). The patients had a persistently reactivated Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection with a remarkable decrease in virus-specific cellular immunity. In these patients, the B lymphocytes were more sensitive to EBV-induced events and to cellular proto-oncogene activation than seen in the healthy counterparts. This immunologic and genetic background was considered to explain the massive lymphoproliferation in these primary immunodeficiency disorders.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[Pyeloureteritis cystica: report of a case].

A 68-year-old female patient was admitted for the examination of duplication of right ureter and right hydronephrosis. Antegrade pyelography showed multiple, small, round defects in the ureter from the upper pole of right kidney. Ureteroureterostomy was performed under the diagnosis of ureteritis. Including our case, 25 cases of pyeloureteritis cystica have been reported in Japan.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

[A case of megaureter].

The terminology of megaureters, their histological findings and etiology vary greatly in the literature. We encountered an obstructed megaureter in a 39-year-old man. He complained of epigastral and left flank pain. X-ray examination showed a right marked hydronephroureter which compressed the bladder and left ureter. We performed right nephroureterectomy. Postoperative course was uneventful and his clinical condition improved.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[A case of pathological dilatation of the seminal duct end].

A case of azoospermia due to pathological dilatation of seminal duct end is reported. A 34-year-old man visited our clinic complaining of infertility. He was diagnosed as having azoospermia by semen analysis. Cystic dilatation of seminal duct end was improved after transurethral resection of the cystic wall. His wife became pregnant on the 27th day after his operation.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Detection of heterozygotes of X-linked ichthyosis by measuring steroid sulphatase activity of lymphocytes. Mode of inheritance in three families.

Steroid sulphatase activity in peripheral blood lymphocytes was assayed in all available members of three families in which cases of X-linked ichthyosis were frequently seen. Lymphocytes from all the patients with this disease lacked steroid sulphatase activity and some female members who were probably heterozygotes, showed significantly lower enzyme activity compared with other healthy family members and normal controls. This suggest that females heterozygous for X-linked ichthyosis in these families could be traced enzymatically. Three childless females in these families were found to be possible heterozygotes in view of their lower enzyme levels. It was found that polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic mobility of serum low-density lipoproteins was increased in X-linked ichthyosis patients but was not changed in the probable heterozygotes. The detection of individuals heterozygous for X-linked ichthyosis, for the purpose of precise genetic counselling, may be possible by measuring steroid sulphatase activity of peripheral blood lymphocytes.

Female↗
PubMed1985

Immunoglobulin production in Epstein-Barr virus-transformed lymphoblastoid cell lines in patients with ataxia telangiectasia.

Peripheral blood lymphocytes from 7 patients with ataxia telangiectasia were transformed by Epstein-Barr virus, and lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCL) were established. Immunoglobulin levels in the supernatants of the LCL were measured in order to analyze immunological abnormalities, especially the low levels of serum IgA in these patients. We found that the geometric means of IgA production in the supernatants of the LCL from the 7 patients were significantly lower than those from 9 healthy controls (5.0 vs. 834 ng/ml, p less than 0.001). These results indicate that the low levels of serum IgA in ataxia telangiectasia are attributable at least in part to an intrinsic abnormality of B cells.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Clinical and statistical study on recent cases of suprapubic prostatectomy].

Results of operation were analyzed statistically in 123 patients who underwent suprapubic prostatectomy for benign prostatic hypertrophy from 1974 through 1981. Age of the patients ranged from 48 to 89 years and the mean age was 70.1 years. The average amount of blood loss during operation was 590 ml. Amount of blood loss in patients operated under epidural anesthesia was less than that in the patients operated under general anesthesia. Furthermore, significant correlation was observed between amount of blood loss and the weights of enucleated prostate glands. The average weight of enucleated prostate glands was 33.4 g and the weight increased as the patient's age increased. Histological examination of the enucleated specimens revealed occult carcinoma in 4.1% of the patients. Association of bladder neck sclerosis was observed in 27% of the patients whose prostate weighed less than 20 g. Significance of prophylactic vasectomy for the prevention of postoperative epididymitis was considered to be low. Incidence of postoperative bacteriuria was higher in patients who had bacteriuria preoperatively than those without preoperative bacteriuria. Therefore, eradication of preoperative bacteriuria seemed important in the prevention of postoperative bacteriuria. No significant correlation was observed between postoperative residual urine volume and the weight of the enucleated prostate glands.

Aged↗