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Biomedical subjects

M Okano

Publications and source records attributed to M Okano.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Human herpesvirus 6 infection and Kawasaki disease.

Eighteen of a total of 22 serum specimens (81.8%) from patients with Kawasaki disease were positive for immunoglobulin G or M antibodies to human herpesvirus 6, whereas 10 of 16 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (62.5%) were seropositive. Additionally, increased geometric mean antibody titers of immunoglobulin G were shown in these patients. These results suggest that the status of human herpesvirus 6 infection may be a reflection of the immunologic alterations that are associated with Kawasaki disease.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1989

[Correlation of serum gamma-seminoprotein and serum prostate-specific antigen in patients with prostate cancer].

Enzyme immunoassays (EIAs) using rabbit anti-gamma-seminoprotein (gamma-Sm) antibody and rabbit anti-prostate-specific antigen antibody (PA) for measurements of gamma-Sm and PA were developed in order to determine the correlation between serum gamma-Sm levels and serum PA levels in patients with prostate cancer. Each EIA for measurement of gamma-Sm or PA was revealed to be sensitive and reproducible by fundamental analysis of the quality of EIAs. A significant correlation was established between serum gamma-Sm levels and serum PA levels which were measured by these assays and expressed as protein concentration of seminal plasma (r = 0.99). This result coincided with our previous observation that gamma-Sm and PA are immunologically identical materials. We conclude, therefore, that gamma-Sm and PA should be regarded as tumor markers identical to each other for serodiagnosis of prostate cancer.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1989

[Studies on stress distribution under simulated muscles on dry skull].

In case of occlusion, the mandible is elevated by the muscles of mastication with T. M. J. as the fulcrum point, and at this time, the masticatory force concentrated mainly on the dental arch is absorbed into the jaw bone through the periodontal tissues. Therefore, it is of great significance for the study of prosthodontics to assess what distribution of mechanical strain the maxillar and mandibular bones exhibit to occlusal force at mastication. Very many studies have been made to clarify this point, but many of them were analyses of stress pattern when a tooth (a point) is under force on models prepared on the assumption that a tooth is planted on the jaw bone, but there are only very few studies which made analysis of stress pattern when the mandible is under force by elevating it mainly along the direction of the M. masseter upon positioning the bone similarly as in vivo mechanism. With the purpose of assessing the distribution of mechanical strain received when the mandible is elevated by the muscle of mastication, the author has assessed the change in the stress distribution under 2 conditions of light and hard tensile forces by setting the M. masseter form the center of the inferior border of the zygomatic bone and center of the zygomatic arch to the mandibular angles on the assumption that self memory alloy takes the places of the M. masseter (the masseter) and M. temporalis (the temporalis) on the experimental model. As a result, the following conclusions have been reached: 1. When the origin of the masseter is at the center of the inferior border of the zygomatic bone, the maximum exhibited tensile strain at all the measuring points both under light and hard tensile forces. Under light tensile force, the minimum strain showed compressive strain in the region from the lower canine to the lower first under hard tensile force, the minimum strain exhibited tensile strain at all measuring points. The amount of strain under hard tensile force exceeded the amount under light tensile force. 2. When the origin of the masseter is at the center of the zygomatic arch, the maximum strain showed tensile strain at all the measuring points both under light and hard tensile foece. The minimum strain exhibited compressive strain at all the measuring points both under light and hard tensile foece. The amount of strain under hard tensile force always exceeded the amount under light tensile force.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Dental Stress Analysis↗
PubMed1989

[A case of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of the spermatic cord].

A case of rhabdomyosarcoma of the spermatic cord in a 6-year-old boy is reported. On February 26, 1986, he visited Nakamura Hospital with the chief complaint of enlargement of the left scrotal content. The contralateral scrotum was normal. The left scrotal content was a hard thumb-head-sized tumor. The left testis and epididymis were not distinguishable from the tumor. On the same day, left high inguinal orchiectomy was performed. The tumor was 3.5 by 2.5 by 2.5 cm in size and was distinguishable from the testis, epididymis and tunica vaginalis. Histopathological findings were embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma and it appeared to have originated from the spermatic cord. Two years after operation, the boy is living without metastasis. Including our experience, 101 cases of the paratesticular rhabdomyosarcoma found in Japanese literature are reviewed and briefly discussed.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1989

Trial of IgG therapy for lupus nephritis--report of two cases with a successful response.

Two cases with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) were treated with high-dose intravenous IgG. In patient 1, the IgG therapy dramatically improved both the lupus nephritis and serological titers for SLE. In patient 2, intravenous IgG yielded a partial remission in the lupus nephritis as well as a satisfactory decrease in proteinuria and disappearance of the skin rash characteristic of SLE. IgG therapy is suggested as possibly beneficial for the treatment of SLE based on different mechanisms from those of corticosteroid action. Further studies are needed to determine the detailed efficacy of IgG therapy for SLE.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Primary cutaneous actinomycosis of the extremities: a report from Japan.

A 30-year-old man with cerebral palsy showed cutaneous actinomycosis of the extremities. The diagnosis was confirmed by the histopathologic finding of "sulfur granules." Actinomyces israelii was not cultured as is often the case with actinomycosis. The disease was successfully treated with piperacillin and then with minocycline. This is, to the author's knowledge, the first report in English on actinomycosis from Japan, and the rarity of its occurrence in the extremities is documented.

Actinomycosis↗
PubMed1989

Anaphylactic symptoms due to chlorhexidine gluconate.

Six patients who developed urticaria, dyspnea, and anaphylactic shock due to topical application of chlorhexidine gluconate solution are described. Chlorhexidine gluconate was confirmed as the causative agent of type I hypersensitivity by intradermal, scratch, and epicutaneous tests. To prevent life-threatening adverse reactions, it seems important to use chlorhexidine gluconate on wound surfaces at a concentration of 0.05%, as recommended by the manufacturer; chlorhexidine gluconate may not be suitable for application to mucous membranes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Characterization of low-density lipoproteins from patients with recessive X-linked ichthyosis.

We investigated lipoprotein metabolism in 14 patients with recessive X-linked ichthyosis (RXLI), a metabolic disease characterized by scaly skin, corneal opacity and steroid sulfatase deficiency. Plasma total cholesterol (TC) levels ranged from normal to slightly low (mean +/- SD: 156 +/- 28 mg/dl). Four patients showed a mild or moderate elevation of plasma triglyceride (TG) levels ranging from 150 to 365 mg/dl. The apoprotein B (apo B) to TC ratio was higher than in normal controls (0.63 +/- 0.11 vs. 0.52 +/- 0.07, P less than 0.01), while plasma apoB levels were within the normal range (99 +/- 17 mg/dl). Polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic mobility of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) was markedly increased in all patients, and further analyses showed that this finding was not due to a change in the particle size of the LDL but to an increased content of cholesterol sulfate (1.0-2.3% of the LDL-cholesterol content). In addition to the alteration of electrophoretic mobility, marked changes in the lipid and apoprotein compositions of the LDL fraction were observed; cholesterol ester content in LDL (LDL-CE) was significantly lower than that of control subjects (37 +/- 4% vs. 41 +/- 2% of total lipids, P less than 0.01), while the triglyceride content (LDL-TG) and apo B to cholesterol ratios in LDL were significantly higher than those of controls (18 +/- 7 vs. 10 +/- 2, P less than 0.001; 1.21 +/- 0.19 vs. 0.73 +/- 0.05, P less than 0.001, respectively). This anionized LDL, in which cholesterol sulfate was increased, was shown to bind to the LDL receptor of fibroblasts to much the same extent as normal LDL. In conclusion, the increase in cholesterol sulfate in LDL fraction not only alters the electrophoretic moiety but also the relative contents of apoB, cholesterol, and triglyceride in the lipoprotein. It does not change the affinity of LDL for the LDL receptor.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

X-linked ichthyosis and ichthyosis vulgaris: comparison of their clinical features based on biochemical analysis.

Thirty cases of X-linked ichthyosis (XLI) and 32 cases of ichthyosis vulgaris (IV) were diagnosed by measuring the steroid sulphatase activity of peripheral blood lymphocytes or the electrophoretic mobility of serum LDL or both. The clinical features of the two conditions were then compared. In both diseases 60-66% of patients had a family history of the condition. Ichthyosis was noted at birth or immediately afterwards in 59% of the patients with XLI while it appeared in infancy in 68% of those with IV. Scales were mostly large and brown or dark brown in patients with XLI, while the majority of patients with IV had small brown or light brown scales. The distribution of the ichthyotic lesions differed in the two types of ichthyosis. On the trunk, the abdomen was more severely involved than the back in 63% of the cases with the XLI, whereas the back was more scaly than the abdomen in 44% of those with IV. On the extremities, the extensor surface was more severely affected than the flexor surface in both types. X-linked ichthyosis was characterized by the presence of lesions in the pre-auricular area, which were found in 93% of the cases with XLI, while only 17% of the IV patients had ichthyotic lesions at this site. Involvement of the preauricular area could be an important clinical feature for distinguishing XLI from IV.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Epstein-Barr virus and human diseases: recent advances in diagnosis.

Since the discovery of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) from a cultured Burkitt's lymphoma cell line in 1964, the virus has been associated with Burkitt's lymphoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and infectious mononucleosis. During the recent decade, EBV has been etiologically implicated in a broad spectrum of human diseases. The precise role of this virus in these diseases is not well understood, but clearly, defective immunosurveillance against the virus may permit an uncontrolled proliferation of EBV-infected cells. As a result, a growing number of cases of EBV-associated B-cell proliferative diseases or lymphoma have been noted in patients with primary and acquired immunodeficiencies. These lymphoproliferative diseases and others, such as chronic mononucleosis syndrome, are leading to new areas of investigation which are providing information regarding the pathogenetic mechanisms of EBV-induced diseases. The early accurate diagnosis of EBV infection can be achieved by performing EBV-specific serology, detecting for EBV-determined nuclear antigen in tissues, establishing spontaneous lymphoid cell lines, and using molecular hybridization techniques for demonstrating the presence of viral genome in affected lesions.

Burkitt Lymphoma↗
PubMed1988

Adenovirus type-2 in a patient with lethal hemorrhagic colonic ulcers and chronic active Epstein-Barr virus infection.

An adenovirus type-2 was isolated from peripheral blood lymphocytes and throat washings from a patient with severe chronic active Epstein-Barr virus infection. Despite the Epstein-Barr virus reactivation, attempts to establish spontaneous lymphoblastoid cell lines from peripheral blood lymphocytes and to immortalize cord lymphocytes with throat washings were unsuccessful due to a marked cytopathic effect. The supernatants from the cultures induced cytopathic effect in cultured cord lymphocytes, MRC-5 cells, A-549 cells, or Vero cells. Virus particles with adenovirus morphology were seen by electron microscopy. Using type-specific antisera, the isolate was identified as adenovirus type-2. In addition, both Epstein-Barr virus and adenovirus type-2 genomes were seen in the colonic tissues and spleen. These results suggest that the combination of Epstein-Barr virus and adenovirus type-2 may be etiologic agents in the development of chronic active Epstein-Barr virus infection in this patient.

Adenoviridae Infections↗