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Biomedical subjects

M Okada

Publications and source records attributed to M Okada.

At least 1,585 records · Page 88Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

A method for estimating renal functions based on the radioisotope renogram.

A method has been developed to predict or estimate the results of commonly used routine renal function tests based on a renogram. The model is built on two differential equations derived in terms of seven parameters which can be measured from tracings of radioactivity recorded on the heart, the kidneys, and the bladder. The model successfully reconstructed every possible variation of the renogram pattern by computer simulation. Expected results of the four renal function tests were computed by multiple regression equations using five out of the seven parameters as criteria variables (p less than 0.05). The four renal function tests were (1) a concentration test, (2) a PSP test, (3) the glomerular filtration rate, and (4) blood urea nitrogen.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Conditions which favor the C1-fixation by mouse IgG1.

The capacity of mouse IgG1 to mediate activation of the classical complement pathway was reinvestigated with purified C1 and under various conditions. Monoclonal and polyclonal IgG1 antibodies to TNP, which failed to show a haemolytic activity on TNP-SRBC with low epitopic density at physiologic salt concentration, invariably restored their activity when reacted to TNP-SRBC with relatively higher epitopic density and at a reduced salt concentration. Unliganded, monomeric IgG1 too proved to possess an inherent C1-binding capacity, but the susceptibility to competing salt was extremely high. These results were seemingly in accordance with the reduced number of basic amino acids in the plausible C1-binding region of the molecule.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

A summary of cytogenetic studies on 534 cases of chronic myelocytic leukemia in Japan.

Cytogenetic and clinical data on 534 patients with chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML) were collected from 10 institutions in Japan. The results of the analysis of the data were in substantial accord with those of the First International Workshop on Chromosomes in Leukemia and other published data, but certain differences were noted in the frequency of Philadelphia chromosome (Ph1)-negative cases, unusual and complex Ph1 translocations, and additional chromosome changes. Some of the findings are discussed with respect to the origin of unusual and complex Ph1 translocations, the relationship between chromosome abnormalities and survival, and geographic differences in chromosome abnormalities.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

The J wave in accidental hypothermia.

Electrocardiograms of 50 patients with accidental hypothermia were reviewed with regard to the J wave with the following results: (1) J waves were observed in 40 of 50 cases. (2) J waves were recorded most frequently in leads II or V6 (34 of 40 cases, 85%). However, in deep hypothermia, the J wave was often most prominent in leads V3 or V4. (3) The size of the J wave appeared to be related to body temperature. Below 30 degrees C, large J waves were often observed; above 30 degrees C, J waves were usually smaller. (4) J waves were not distinctive in the cases with clockwise rotation. (5) The appearance and the size of the J waves seemed not to be associated with the arterial pH. (6) The J wave decreased in size along with rise of the body temperature. However, a small J wave persisted in many cases even after normothermia was restored. It was also difficult to distinguish these small J waves from small notches at the QRS-ST junction which are sometimes observed in normal individuals not subjected to hypothermia.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

The BTPABA pancreatic function test in giardiasis.

The test for exocrine pancreatic function using N-benzoyl-L-tyrosyl-p-aminobenzoic acid (BTPABA test) was assessed in 7 patients with giardiasis and 7 healthy controls. Cumulative percent p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) recovery in 6 hr was significantly lower in patients with giardiasis, compared with the control group. When an equivalent dose of free PABA was given, there were no differences in PABA recovery between the groups. In patients with giardiasis, the post-treatment values of BTPABA test were significantly higher than the pretreatment values and no differences were found in PABA recovery between patients with giardiasis after eradication and healthy controls. These findings indicate that Giardia lamblia interferes with the action of pancreatic chymotrypsin. It is noteworthy that giardiasis could cause an abnormal BTPABA test.

4-Aminobenzoic Acid↗
PubMed1983

An autopsied case of a two-month-old infant with granulomatous pancarditis having severe vasculitis and valvulitis.

A 2-month-old female infant with pancarditis was reported. The patient died after a 26-day clinical course. The autopsy showed pancarditis, including inflammation in all 4 valves and chordae, fibrinoid vasculitis, pharyngolaryngitis and atrophy of the lymph nodes. Microscopic examination revealed proliferative inflammation in the endocardium, valve, myocardium, epicardium and coronary vessels. The histological findings suggested the etiology to be a rheumatic-type reaction at an extremely young age.

Arteritis↗
PubMed1983

Painless myocardial infarction in diabetics.

In order to evaluate differences between the initial manifestations of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in diabetics (DM) and non-diabetics (N-DM), 94 consecutive AMIs (DM 40, N-DM 54) were studied over a four-year period. Cases with abrupt onset associated with chest pain and/or discomfort in the areas of the chest and back were classified as the typical group (I). All other cases were classified as the atypical group (II). In subjects over the age of 60, 12 out of 33 DM had atypical manifestations, but only 3 out of 29 N-DM (p less than 0.05). In subjects aged 59 or less, the incidence of atypical cases was similar in the DM and N-DM groups. The initial symptoms of AMI were not correlated with type or location of infarction, nor with the type of treatment or presence of the ankle jerk reflex. Pre-infarction symptoms were present in 69% of Group I and 74% of Group II DM subjects. In Group II, 5 out of 16 patients had a history of typical angina, but had no chest pain at the onset of infarction. The post-AMI mortality within one month was 15% in the DM and 18% in the N-DM group. It was 14% in Group I and 25% in Group II. Mean CPK did not differ statistically between Group I and Group II. However, the Peel prognostic index was 11.0 +/- 5.1 for Group I and 15.5 +/- 5.0 for Group II (p less than 0.05) in subjects over the age of 60.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Is it possible to make a diagnosis in an ambulance?

We have developed a computer method to make a diagnosis for an emergency patient using the data reported by a person who has no technical knowledge of medicine such as a member of the public or an ambulance attendant. The speedy instruction will be made possible by a computer diagnosis, by which an ambulance attendant could deliver the patient expeditiously to the most appropriate medical facility. We first conducted a survey by means of questionnaire and investigated the relationship between the patients' data and diagnosis of medical doctors. It was shown that fairly accurate diagnosis could be made on treatment, hospitalization, an appropriate medical department and need of urgent care, using simple information like age, sex, cause of illness or injury, and 15 symptoms which trained laymen could judge. Accuracy of the diagnosis was 79.3% on the average.

Ambulances↗
PubMed1983

IMP dehydrogenase. I. Studies on regulatory properties of crude tissue extracts based on an improved assay method.

Inhibition of conversion from IMP to uric acid, which interferes with both spectrophotometric and radioisotopic assays of IMP dehydrogenase, by addition of allopurinol (0.1 mM), an inhibitor of xanthine oxidase, to the incubation system made it possible to determine the enzyme activity in crude liver extracts. With this improved assay method, the regulatory properties of the enzyme in crude extracts of liver and Yoshida sarcoma ascites cells were examined. In both tissues IMP dehydrogenase was found in the postmicrosomal supernatant. However, further centrifugation resulted in precipitation of the enzyme, the enzyme from Yoshida sarcoma ascites cells being precipitated more easily than that from rat liver. It was also found that IMP dehydrogenase activity increased during liver regeneration and that this increase was associated with the precipitate from the postmicrosomal fraction. These findings suggest that such a large sedimentable complex including IMP dehydrogenase might be formed in relation to cell growth. Most of the enzyme activity in rat liver and Yoshida sarcoma ascites cells was extracted in the supernatant obtained by centrifugation at 105,000 X g for 4 h after treatment of tissue homogenates with 1 M KCl, 0.75 M (NH4)2SO4, 2 M dimethylsulfoxide, 2 M KSCN, 25% glycerol, or 0.8 M guanidine-HCl. Treatment with 2% deoxycholate, 2% Triton X-100 or 2 M urea gave limited extraction. The enzyme was retained on a phenyl-Sepharose CL-6B or octyl-Sepharose CL-6B column and eluted with 0.8 M guanidine-HCl. These results suggested that the enzyme molecule has not only ionic but also hydrophobic domains, through which it interacts with other molecules of the enzyme itself and/or postmicrosomal cellular components.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Allopurinol↗
PubMed1983

IMP dehydrogenase. II. Purification and properties of the enzyme from Yoshida sarcoma ascites tumor cells.

The preceding paper showed that IMP dehydrogenase [IMP:NAD+ oxidoreductase, EC 1.2.1.14] tended to form a precipitable complex(es) through ionic and hydrophobic interactions. On the basis of these observations, a method was developed for purification of IMP dehydrogenase from Yoshida sarcoma ascites cells. On SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, the purified preparation (1.19 U/mg protein) appeared homogeneous and its minimum molecular weight was estimated to be 68K daltons. Amino acid analyses indicated a subunit molecular weight of 68,042. Molecular sieve chromatography in the presence of 10% (NH4)2SO4 showed that the molecular weight of the native enzyme was 127K daltons. These values indicate that the native enzyme is composed of two identical subunits. However, the purified enzyme gave 4 protein bands on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis under non-denaturing conditions, and appeared as a single fraction in the vicinity of the void volume on Ultrogel AcA 34 column chromatography at low salt concentration, indicating that its molecular weight exceeded 200K daltons. These findings indicate that the enzyme tends to aggregate owing to its own physicochemical characteristics. The Km values for IMP and NAD were calculated to be 12 and 25 microM, respectively, and the Ki values for XMP, GMP, and AMP to be 109, 130, and 854 microM, respectively. The purified enzyme showed full activity in the presence of K+, and K+ could be partially replaced by Na+. PCMB inactivated the enzyme, but the activity was completely restored by the addition of DTT. Cl-IMP also inactivated the enzyme and IMP prevented this inactivation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Long-term result and its evaluation after aorto-coronary bypass grafting].

Since a first successful A-C bypass using saphenous vein graft was performed in 1970, eighty five patients with severe coronary heart disease were operated on in our clinic. Up to date, A-C bypass was carried out in sixty four cases, and aorto-coronary sinus bypass (Ao-Cs bypass) as an arterialization of the coronary venous system was done in one case in the group of angina pectoris. Three cases among sixty four patients who underwent A-C bypass and a case of Ao-Cs bypass died of low cardiac output syndrome postoperatively. Other two cases died of refractory arrhythmia and cardiomyopathy 6 years after surgery. The remaining fifty nine cases are doing well without any complications during follow up from ranging 2 months to 13 years (mean 3 years 4 months). Recently, no operative death was found during past 8 years with development of surgical technique and myocardial protection. Ventricular function (cardiac index, LVedp, Max LV dp/dt, EF, LVEDVI , double products at rest and during treadmill exercise test) disclosed good results especially in complete revascularization group. Graft patency had a close correlation between a diameter of the coronary artery at the anastomosis site and bypass graft flow after completion of bypass. Subsequently, a good patency rate (84%-86%) was obtained in cases with the coronary artery more than 1.5 mm in diameter. It could be concluded that A-C bypass was useful procedure to improve ventricular function as well as clinical symptoms and longevity of the life.

Angioplasty, Balloon↗