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Biomedical subjects

M Oka

Publications and source records attributed to M Oka.

At least 541 records · Page 30Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Effect of intrapleural and/or intraperitoneal lentinan therapy in carcinomatous pleuritis and peritonitis].

Seventeen lesions in fourteen patients with malignant pleural and/or peritoneal effusion were treated with the intrapleural and/or intraperitoneal Lentinan therapy (4 mg/week x 4). The following results were obtained. Malignant effusion disappeared in four lesions and diminished in two. In ten lesions, the cytological grade decreased. Totally, thirteen lesions (76.5%) revealed clinical effect. Toxicity, caused a high fever in only one case. Subpopulations (CD4, CD8, Leu7, CD8+ CD11+) of pleural or peritoneal effusion mononuclear cells (PEM) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBM) showed no change during the course of Lentinan therapy. NK and anti-Daudi activities of PEM tended to be augmented and high LAK activities of PEM were maintained by Lentinan therapy. However, NK activities of PBM after this therapy were significantly lower than before therapy (p less than 0.05). Augmentation of cytotoxicity in PEM induced by Lentinan may lead to clinical effect. Thus, this therapy may be useful for even patients with end-stage carcinoma.

Ascitic Fluid↗
PubMed1989

Inhibitory action of carvedilol, a novel alpha, beta-adrenoceptor antagonist, on catecholamine secretion and calcium influx in cultured bovine adrenal chromaffin cells.

The effect of carvediolol on the secretory function was studied using cultured bovine adrenal chromaffin cells. Carvedilol caused the concentration-dependent inhibition of catecholamine secretion evoked by carbamylcholine, high K+ or veratridine. The drug also caused the inhibition of radioactive calcium uptake stimulated by these secretagogues into the cells, and the inhibition of calcium uptake was observed in parallel with that of catecholamine secretion. The inhibitory action of carvedilol on catecholamine secretion was shown to be similar to that caused by a classical beta-adrenoceptor antagonist, propranolol. Furthermore, although the level of carbamylcholine-stimulated catecholamine secretion inhibited by diltiazem, a potent calcium channel antagonist, was significantly raised by elevating the calcium concentration in the reaction mixture, increasing the concentration of calcium ions in the mixture failed to induce any substantial influence on the secretion inhibited by carvedilol, as well as propranolol, under the same experimental conditions. These results seem to indicate that carvedilol may cause the inhibition of catecholamine secretion through its blocking action on calcium influx into the cells, and suggest the possibility that the inhibitory action of carvedilol on calcium influx is presumably based on its stabilizing action on the plasma membranes rather than its blocking action on the calcium channels in the chromaffin cell.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1989

In vitro activation of bovine adrenal tyrosine hydroxylase by rabbit skeletal muscle actin: evidence for a possible role of cytoskeletal elements as an activator for cytoplasmic enzymes.

Tyrosine hydroxylase prepared from the soluble fraction of bovine adrenal medulla was markedly activated by rabbit skeletal muscle G-actin, and this activation was accompanied by a decrease in the apparent Km of the enzyme for the pterin cofactor. The activating effect of G-actin on the soluble enzyme was still observed in the medium containing a high concentration of salt or excess amounts of proteinase inhibitors. Furthermore, this effect was not affected by either cytochalasin B or DNase I. These results therefore suggest that G-actin interacts with the enzyme molecule at the binding site(s) different from that involved in actin polymerization, and that it causes the activation of the soluble enzyme as a result of an allosteric alteration in the enzyme structure, thus giving rise to the possibility that cytoskeletal elements play an important role in the regulation of catecholamine synthesis as a factor modulating the activity of cytoplasmic tyrosine hydroxylase.

Actins↗
PubMed1989

Myosin light-chain kinase inhibitor, 1-(5-chlornaphthalene-1-sulfonyl)-1H-hexahydro-1,4-diazepine (ML-9), inhibits catecholamine secretion from adrenal chromaffin cells by inhibiting Ca2+ uptake into the cells.

For determination of whether myosin light-chain kinase (MLCK) is involved in the secretory mechanism of adrenal chromaffin cells, the effect of a preferential inhibitor of the enzyme, 1-(5-chlornaphthalene-1-sulfonyl)-1H-hexahydro-1,4-diazepine (ML-9), on catecholamine secretion from cultured bovine adrenal chromaffin cells was studied. ML-9 did not affect basal catecholamine secretion, but inhibited catecholamine secretion stimulated by acetylcholine, high K+, veratridine or palytoxin. At similar concentrations to those inhibiting the secretion of catecholamine, ML-9 also inhibited increased [45Ca]2+ uptake by the cells induced by these stimulants. However, it did not inhibit catecholamine secretion induced by the Ca2+ ionophore A23187. Moreover, it did not affect catecholamine secretion from digitonin-permeabilized cells induced by a micromolar Ca2+ concentration in the presence of Mg ATP. These results indicate that ML-9 inhibits catecholamine secretion from adrenal chromaffin cells by inhibiting the transmembrane Ca2+ uptake mechanism, but not by inhibiting the intracellular Ca2+-dependent mechanism. The possible role of MLCK in stimulus-secretion coupling in adrenal chromaffin cells is discussed.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1989

[Effect of intrapleural and/or intraperitoneal lentinan therapy on carcinomatous pleuritis and peritonitis with special reference to immunological evaluation].

Eleven patients, seven with carcinomatous pleuritis and four with carcinomatous peritonitis, were treated with the intrapleural and/or intraperitoneal administration of Lentinan (4 mg/week X 4). And the following results were obtained. (1) Eight patients revealed a clinical effect; malignant effusion disappeared in two and diminished in two. In six, the cytological grade decreased. (2) Subpopulations of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) and pleural or peritoneal effusion mononuclear cells (PEMNC) were examined using monoclonal antibodies (OKT4, OKT8, Leu7, CD8 X CD11). These showed no change during the course of treatment. (3) NK activities of PBL didn't improved but those of PEMNC significantly improved (P less than 0.01) during this therapy. Anti-Daudi activities of PEMNC tended to be augmented during this therapy. Especially in effective cases, anti-Daudi activities were highly augmented. (4) As a side effect, only one showed an elevation of body temperature. These results indicate that intrapleural and/or intraperitoneal Lentinan administration is a useful treatment for carcinomatous pleuritis and peritonitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

The influence of calcium phosphate ceramics and glass-ceramics on cultured cells and their surrounding media.

The cytotoxicity of hydroxyapatite (HA), tricalcium phosphate (TCP), and two types of apatite-containing glass-ceramics designated A.W-GC and A.W.CP-GC was evaluated by the direct contact method using V79 cells. Compatibility of the cells was assessed as a function of cellular attachment and subsequent growth using scanning electron microscopy. Although all of the tested materials have surfaces available for cellular attachment, cell growth was markedly inhibited by HA sintered at 600 degrees C and 900 degrees C, and slightly inhibited by HA sintered at 1200 degrees C, TCP and the glass-ceramics. In attempts to clarify the cause of this toxicity, the interactions of the ceramics with culture medium was assessed by measurement of calcium (Ca), inorganic phosphate (P), magnesium (Mg), pH and albumin content in the medium. The grade of toxicity corresponded to the degree of reduction of Ca, P, and albumin in the medium. Furthermore, surface reactions of the ceramics were demonstrated to vary in both mode and degree depending on their chemical structure and level of microporosity. Thus, the surface reactivity of ceramic materials should be always taken into account in discussing their biocompatibility in vivo.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Clinical sequelae and sacroiliac joint changes by computed tomography after recovery from septic sacroiliitis.

Nine cases of septic sacroiliitis were re-examined clinically and by CT after a follow-up period of 1.5-7 years. At the final check-up, six of the patients were asymptomatic, while pain could be provoked by palpation or compression in three cases. The sacroiliac joint CT findings were considered normal in two cases. Joint space narrowing, subchondral sclerosis, cysts, erosions, ankylosis and/or osteophytes were detected in seven cases. We conclude that recovery from septic sacroiliitis is good although destructive and degenerative changes often develop as sequelae of an osteolytic involvement.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

In vivo measurement of anodic polarization of orthopaedic implant alloys: comparative study of in vivo and in vitro experiments.

A new system of single piece electrodes was applied to in vivo and in vitro measurements of anodic polarization of several alloys used in orthopaedic implants. The tested surface was scrutinized with a stereomicroscope after each experiment. This confirmed pit formation and excluded the possibility of other sudden increase of anodic current such as crevice corrosion and oxidation or reduction of organic substances. The results were reproducible. Although there were certain differences between the results obtained in the two conditions, the order of corrosion resistances of alloys was consistent.

Alloys↗
PubMed1989

Necrotizing fasciitis of the middle third of the face. A case report.

A 48-year-old man with necrotizing fasciitis in the right middle third face is presented. The patient had uncontrolled diabetes mellitus and liver cirrhosis. The condition was controlled by early diagnosis, prompt surgical management and adjunctive broad spectrum antibiotic cover after entering hospital, the curettage of the necrotizing tissue of the right cheek was especially effective.

Diabetes Complications↗
PubMed1989

Surgical treatment of fractures of the mandibular condylar neck.

In this paper, the authors describe their surgical procedures, the clinical management, and radiological evaluation of condylar neck fractures. The condylar neck is the site of approximately two-thirds of all mandibular fractures. These are treated either conservatively or by open reduction. Indications for open reduction are discussed. Approximately 5-30% of all condylar neck fractures are treated surgically, depending on the circumstances of each case. The role of open reduction is realignment of segments, early function and decreased post-operative complaints. It has been our experience that surgical treatment of selected condylar neck fractures is successful.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Widespread radiopacity of jaw bones in familial adenomatosis coli.

Abnormalities of jaw bones and teeth were evaluated in 37 patients with familial adenomatosis coli (FAC) by means of orthopantomography. Osteomatous radiopaque lesions were evident in 75.7 percent of FAC patients (focal type: 62.2% and wide spread type: 13.5%), odontomes in 29.7% peripheral osteomas in 13.5%, unerupted teeth in 16.2% and supernumerary unerupted teeth in 16.2%. Five of the 37 FAC patients had an unusual widespread type of radiopacity with other abnormalities. Combined abnormalities were most frequent in patients with this type in comparison with patients with the focal type. Osteomas and peripheral osteomas were revealed in this type with statistical significance. Biopsy performed in one patient revealed an osteoma. These results suggest that the multiple abnormalities seen in oral X-ray examination may predict the occult existence of familial adenomatosis coli and these widespread radiopaque lesions probably represent the most extensive manifestation of FAC.

Adolescent↗