Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to M Ohtani.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Using an extracellular microelectrode recording technique, the effects of intravenously administered morphine sulfate upon the single-unit activities of cells in Rexed lamina VII of the lumbar spinal cord were studied in cats following decerebration and spinal cord transection at L1. These neurons responded principally to high-threshold mechanical and thermal stimuli applied to a receptive field in the ipsilateral hind limbs. Morphine sulfate, 0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 mg/kg, caused dose-related suppression of the spontaneous activities of these neurons. The firing rates at maximum suppression, observed 5-10 min after administration of morphine, were 63.9 +/- 9.2 (mean +/- 1 SE), 43.0 +/- 5.4, and 26.5 +/- 6.0 per cent of the control values, respectively. Since these cells have been shown by others to be associated with the spinothalamic and spinoreticular pathways, the results suggest that the analgesic state may result from the action of morphine on the cells of origin of these major ascending pathways in the spinal cord.
Parotid swelling ("iodide mumps") is an infrequent manifestation of iodism. Only 6 cases have been reported previously. The authors present a case of parotid swelling which appeared to be a reaction to excretory urography.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
The following points have become clear on prognosis of SMON through the analysis of 981 cases collected. 1) The prognosis of the old whose ages were 60 year old or over is not favorable, when compared with that of the young. However, there is no prognostic difference between male and female. 2) The cummulative death rate of SMON which was calculated by the life table method is approx twice as much as the generally expected value. 3) Approximately 80% of the patients showed some sort of improvement 7 to 12 months after the onset of the disease. The rate for 13 months or over if nearly the same. 4) The abdominal symptoms found at the time of the onset of the disease decreased markedly in the course of the disease. 5) Among neurological symptoms, the prognosis of motor disorders is more favorable. The complete recovery of sensory disturbances was extremely rare, but approx 60% showed more or less favorable in the course of the illness. Approximately 40% of the cases with visual disturbances completely recovered or showed favorable improvement, whereas 9% of them became worse. As for the prognosis of visual impairment, it is more serious than other symptoms. 6) The patients who had been administered clioquinol over long period displayed a higher rate of severe or moderate motor, sensory and visual disturbances, compared with the group with short-term administration of clioquinol. The death rate was also higher in the former group. 7) The rate of relapse as a whole was 16.7% and 68% of them was seen within 18 months after the onset. There is no difference in relapse according to sex. There was seen a high rate of relapse in the group of longterm administration of clioquinol. 8) A 10.5% of total cases were either unable to walk or in need of assistance in walking, whereas the rate of patients who cannot get dressed or who cannot defecate unassisted was lower. 9) Approximately 65% returned to the job in 12 months or more after the onset. The employment rate was not different according to sex, whereas it was lower along with the age advances. 10) Approximately 20% were not received medical treatment. The rate of non-treated patients is higher in the younger patients. The rate of hospitalized patients was higher in the older patients.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
The effect of diltiazem as an adjunct to cardioplegia was examined for cardiac eicosanoid release in 12 patients who received aorto-coronary bypass. The patients were divided into two groups: diltiazem group (No. = 6) (10 mg/L of diltiazem in crystalloid potassium cardioplegia) and control group (No. = 6) (same cardioplegia without diltiazem). The plasma levels of thromboxane B2 and 6 keto PGF1 alpha (metabolites of thromboxane A2 and prostacyclin) in systemic artery and coronary sinus blood were measured during early reperfusion. A significantly larger arterio-venous difference in 6 keto PGF1 alpha concentration was found immediately after aortic clamp release in the diltiazem group (124 +/- 77 vs 12 +/- 47 pg/ml, p less than 0.05). The plasma thromboxane B2/6 keto PGF1 alpha ratio in coronary sinus blood was lower in the diltiazem group immediately after aortic clamp release (0.47 +/- 0.16 vs 0.74 +/- 0.18, p less than 0.05). There was no significant difference in arterio-venous TxB2 concentration between the two groups. In terms of myocardial protective effect evaluated by CPK-MB release, there was no significant difference between the two groups. The results indicated that diltiazem used as an adjunct to cardioplegia enhanced the production of endogenous PGI2 during early reperfusion, although its beneficial effect on myocardial protection was not shown in terms of enzyme leakage.
Activated leukocytes may have an important role in developing complement-related lung injury, with pulmonary leukocyte sequestration in the presence of blood-material interaction in cardiopulmonary bypass and hemodialysis. The authors evaluated the effects of a new cAMP phosphodiesterase inhibitor (DN-9693) on leukocyte aggregation in vitro, utilizing canine heparinized blood and pulmonary leukocyte sequestration during extracorporeal circulation (ECC) in dogs. On in vitro evaluation, DN-9693 inhibited the leukocyte aggregation response to leukotriene B4 in a dose response manner; the aggregation response elicited by contact with a membrane lung was inhibited by a 50% inhibition dose of approximately 0.2 mumol/L. Leukocyte kinetics were assessed in a venovenous bypass system with a silicone hollow fiber membrane lung. The control group (n = 6) without DN-9693 developed a reduction in the arterial leukocyte count of 55 +/- 17% at 2 minutes of ECC. The transpulmonary difference in leukocyte count (pulmonary artery count minus systemic artery count) was significantly increased (P less than 0.05) from -175 +/- 206/microliters at baseline to 1225 +/- 330/microliters after 2 minutes of ECC. In the DN-group (n = 4, DN-9693; 60-80 micrograms/kg/min), there was no significant reduction in the arterial leukocyte count during ECC, and the transpulmonary difference showed no significant increases (75 +/- 386/microliters; baseline, versus 125 +/- 263/microliters; 2 minutes of ECC). These results suggest that DN-9693 inhibits the aggregation of leukocytes in the presence of blood-material interaction in vitro, and also prevents pulmonary leukocyte sequestration induced by ECC, with attenuation of systemic leukocyte depletion.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Isolated canine hearts were preserved for 24 hours by either simple hypothermic storage in Collins' M solution (group 1, n = 7) or hypothermic perfusion with oxygenated modified Krebs solution (group 2, n = 7), followed in both cases by reperfusion with cross circulation. Myocardial biopsies taken consecutively during preservation and after reperfusion were analyzed for high energy phosphates (adenosine triphosphate [ATP], adenosine diphosphate [ADP], adenosine monophosphate [AMP], and creatine phosphate), their catabolites (inosine), and lactate. In group 1, ATP decreased from 23.7 +/- 2.8 mumol/gm dry weight (mean +/- standard deviation) at 0 hours to 5.6 +/- 2.8 mumol/gm dry weight at the end of preservation. Creatine phosphate decreased and lactate increased significantly during 24 hours of preservation. The consumption rate of ATP appeared to have decreased after 18 hours of preservation. In group 2, ATP, creatine phosphate, and lactate remained at control levels during preservation. Coronary vascular resistance, however, increased significantly. After reperfusion functional measurements of the hearts in both groups did not vary significantly, despite the difference in myocardial ATP content (11.2 +/- 4.9 mumol/gm dry weight in group 1 and 17.9 +/- 3.9 mumol/gm dry weight in group 2; p less than 0.05). Simple hypothermic storage manifested a limitation in terms of energy store compared with hypothermic perfusion, whereas the latter appeared to have a risk of possible myocardial damage caused by the perfusion itself.
Twelve patients (pts) with coronary and/or valvular heart disease and preoperative creatinine clearance (Ccr) below 30 ml/min underwent cardiac surgery using cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) with pulsatile (P:n = 7) and nonpulsatile (NP:n = 5) perfusion. Preoperative Ccr was 15.8 +/- 4.4 ml/min in the P group and 26.5 +/- 4.7 ml/min in the NP group. After surgery, the NP group showed significant increases in BUN and serum creatinine within a week, but the P group showed significant increase in BUN only. The NP group had a significant decrease in Ccr on the 7th postoperative day, but there was no significant change in the P group. Three patients, 2 from the NP group and one from the P group, died from complications (operative mortality: 14 vs 40%). These data suggested that P-CPB appeared to be advantageous in patients with preoperatively impaired renal function with low Ccr although many other factors might influence the outcome.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
The Inoue applicator (3 channels) for endometrial cancer with a microSelectron-HDR was modified to enable both intrauterine and vaginal treatments to be done at the same time. The applicator is described together with a case report.