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Biomedical subjects

M Ohta

Publications and source records attributed to M Ohta.

At least 1,351 records · Page 75Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Serum lipids and coronary heart disease in heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia in the Hokuriku District of Japan.

The serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels and the incidence of ischemic heart disease were studied in 122 (55 men and 67 women) consecutive heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemic patients in the Hokuriku district of Japan. (1) The mean +/-SD of serum cholesterol level was 354.0 +/- 71.0 mg/100 ml, which was lower than those of the Western countries by about 60--70 mg/100 ml. (2) The mean +/-SD of serum triglyceride level was 116.5 +/- 54.0 mg/100 ml. (3) The average serum cholesterol values in the 20--50-year-old group showed no differences from those of the Western countries. However, in the above 50 years of age group the serum cholesterol levels were much lower than those in the United States. (4) The occurrence of ischemic heart disease in 83 heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemic patients was 43.3%. The incidence of myocardial infarction was 20.5%. Thus, familial hypercholesterolemia is as highly atherogenic as that of the Western countries even in Japan where the low incidence of coronary heart disease in the general population has been attributed to the low level of serum cholesterol.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Metabolism of trichothecene mycotoxins. I. Microsomal deacetylation of T-2 toxin in animal tissues.

In an attempt to elucidate the active form of T-2 toxin, one of trichothecene mycotoxins in vivo, the metabolism in animal tissues was studied in vitro by using gas liquid chromatography. T-2 toxin was selectively hydrolysed by the microsomal esterase at C-4, giving rise to HT-2 toxin as the only metabolite. This esterase activity was found mainly in the microsomes of liver, kidney, and spleen of laboratory animals. Since the enzymatic hydrolysis of T-2 toxin was inhibited by eserine, and diisopropylfluorophosphate, it is concluded that non-specific carboxyesterase [EC 3.1.1.1] of microsomal origin participates in this type of selective hydrolysis of T-2 toxin. The microsomal fraction from rabbit liver was proved to be a convinient material for the preparation of HT-2 toxin from T-2 toxin. From the evidence that the toxicity of HT-2 toxin is comparable to that of T-2 toxin and that the microsomal fraction of whole liver possesses the ability to biotransform the total lethal dose of T-2 toxin into HT-2 within a few minutes, T-2 toxin administered to animals is presumed to exhibit its toxicity partly as HT-2 toxin.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Angiocardiography after total correction of tetralogy of Fallot using large homograft arteries.

Postoperative angiocardiographic findings were examined in eight patients whose pulmonary artery was reconstructed using an aortic or pulmonary homograft with valve. Apparent dilatation of the outflow tract of the right ventricle was seen in three patients. Only four showed valve mobility, with function judged almost normal in two of them. Calcification in a valve was not seen. The pulmonary trunk showed three directional patters, and stenosis was clearly observed in two cases. calcification of the pulmonary trunk was seen in only one case. The most difficult problem in the reconstruction of the pulmonary artery is the high incidence of pulmonary stenosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Effect of anticancer therapy of lymphocyte cytotoxicity in lung cancer patients.

Cytotoxicity of lymphocytes against allogeneic target cells of a bronchogenic squamous cell carcinoma was examined by a microcytotoxicity test in lung cancer patients after the various kinds of anticancer treatment. Cytotoxicity in untreated cases at stages I, II, and III was higher than the range of controls, but cytotoxicity in those at stage IV decreased to the range of controls. Tumor resection augmented cytotoxicity in patients at stages II and III, when the assays were carried out 3 weeks after the operation. Local irradiation of tumors augmented cytotoxicity in patients at stages II, III, and IV, when the assays were carried out 1 week after the last irradiation. Immunotherapy with BCG cell-wall skeleton augmented cytotoxicity to a marked degree in patients at stages I, II, III, and IV, when the assays were carried out after 4 months of a continuous treatment. The microcytotoxicity test may be useful for estimating the reactivity of lymphocytes in lung cancer patients in various situations.

Antilymphocyte Serum↗
PubMed1977

[Clinical evaluation on glucocorticoid administration in the neurosurgical patients (the third report)--serial plasma cortisol assay following betamethasone 8 mg intravenous injection (author's transl)].

The effect of betamethasone on plasma cortisol concentrations was studied in 6 healty adult men. Each of them was administered 8 mg of betamethasone in a single intravenous injection. Blood samples were obtained serially for 2 days before the injection of betamethasone and for a week after the injection. Plasma cortisol was measured by competitive protein binding analysis. Before the injection of betamethasone plasma cortisol levels showed the normal diurnal rhythm in all the cases. After the injection plasma cortisol levels decreased rapidly and a mean half life time was about 1.7 hours. The low levels of plasma cortisol under 2 microgram/ml were observed for 48 hours after the injection, and then the diurnal rythm of plasma cortisol reappeared, but the levels of plasma cortisol at this time were still lower than the control levels. Then plasma cortisol levles increased gradually and they returned to the control levels 5 days after the injection. Thus, it was clarified that the suppressive effect of 8 mg or betamethasone on plasma cortisol concentrations lasted at least for 48 hours. From this point of view the time interval or repetitive glucocorticoid administration for the treatment of brain edema will further be studied.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Endocrinological evaluation of sellar and suprasellar tumor cases (the ninth report)--on the PRL levels in the CSF (author's transl)].

Prolactin (PRL) levels in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma of 25 patients with sellar and suprasellar tumors, i.e. 5 of PRL secreting adenoma, 5 of GH secreting adenoma, 7 of so-called non-functioning pituitary adenoma, 5 of tuberculum sellae meningioma and 3 of craniopharyngioma, were studied in relation to the size of suprasellar extension measured by our own method on pneumoencephalograms. Plasma and CSF samples were obtained simultaneously at the time of lumbar puncture for pneumoencephalography. 1) Five patients of PRL secreting adenoma, whose plasma PRL levels ranged from 530 to 4,000 ng/ml, showed high PRL levels over 50 ng/ml in the CSF. On the contrary, 20 patients of the other tumors, whose plasma PRL levels were lower than 30 ng/ml, showed low PRL levels in th4 CSF, being below the sensitivity limit in the majority. 2) In 3 out of 5 PRL secreting adenomas, the PRL level in the CSF was higher than the plasma level and they showed a fairly large extrasellar extension. However in the remaining 2 the PRL level in the CSF was lower than a tenth of that in the plasma, and these revealed relatively small suprasellar extension. From these facts the presence of PRL at a high level in the CSF seems to be specific in the PRL secreting adenomas, and there seems to be a relationship between the CSF-plasma ratio of PRL level and the extrasellar extension in these cases.

Adenoma↗