BACKGROUND: Almost all cases of superficial esophageal carcinoma are curable by endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR), but a precise diagnosis of the depth of tumor invasion is necessary to assess the indication for EMR. Although endoscopy has a high rate of accuracy for diagnosing the depth of tumor invasion, it depends on the experience of the examiner in interpreting surface information of the lesions. Today, endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) is one of the most powerful techniques for obtaining objective tomographic images of a tumor. The high-frequency ultrasound probe is appropriate for EUS in cases of superficial esophageal carcinoma because of its excellent near-field resolution that provides precise ultrasound images under direct control of the endoscope. METHODS: We performed EUS with the Sonoprobe System in 85 cases of superficial esophageal carcinoma before treatment and evaluated the resected specimens histopathologically. We interpreted the depth of tumor invasion based on our fundamental studies of ultrasonograms taken with a 20-MHz probe. RESULTS: The clinical usefulness of the Sonoprobe with linear and radial scanning modes is due to its capacity to differentiate between mucosal and submucosal carcinoma by means of analyses of the muscularis mucosae. Although a clear assessment of microinvasion and lymphoid hyperplasia surrounding the tumor of interest remains speculative, the diagnostic accuracy rate for 96 lesions of superficial esophageal carcinoma reached 93% in terms of differentiating between mucosal from submucosal carcinoma. CONCLUSION: EUS with the Sonoprobe can play an important role in the pretreatment diagnosis of superficial esophageal carcinomas.

Endosonography↗

PubMedDate not supplied

A system for the positioning correlation between computed tomographs and conventional radiographs.

The authors have presented a special system which enables us to understand the positioning relationship between transverse CT images and conventional radiographs. With this system the image on a X-ray film is first changed into a video image and second, the computed radiograph which has the positioning information for each CT image is superimposed on it electronically. Finally the computed radiograph is eliminated except for the positioning lines of the CT scanning. The image thus obtained is called a "Replaced Computed Radiograph (RCR image)". This image is then changed into a digital image and manipulated in the same manner as its CT images. We have utilized this system for 22 clinical cases and recognized it to be useful for current integrated-radiography.

Aorta, Abdominal↗

PubMedDate not supplied

131I in milk and rain after Chernobyl.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Accidents↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Computed tomography of hydrosalpinx following tubal ligation.

The CT findings in three cases of surgically proven hydrosalpinx following tubal ligation are described. In every case a cystic mass of characteristic tubular shape was detected in the pelvic adnexal region. These findings can be considered diagnostic of iatrogenic hydrosalpinx.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Immunohistochemical analysis of estrogen receptors in 313 paraffin section cases of human thyroid tissue.

Three hundred and thirteen cases of human thyroid tissues, comprising 39 nodular goiters from 34 females and 5 males, 130 adenomas from 93 females and 37 males, and 144 carcinomas from 99 females and 45 males were used for the present immunohistochemical assessment of estrogen receptor (ER) expression. Thirty-three cases of follicular carcinoma, 115 cases of papillary carcinoma and 6 cases of anaplastic carcinoma were included in the malignant tumor group. Incidences of ER-positive cases were 23/39 (58.9%) for nodular goiter, 44/130 (33.8%) for adenoma and 26/144 (18.0%) for cancer. In the individual carcinoma categories, 7/23 (30.4%) follicular, 19/115 (16.5%) papillary and 0/6 (0%) anaplastic lesions were judged as positive cases. Thus, the incidence of ER-positive cases tended to decrease with the degree of malignancy; this trend being similar in both sexes. Moreover, the average ages of ER-positive cases were lower than those of ER-negative cases for all types of thyroid carcinoma except the follicular variety in males. It was thus suggested that ER expression may be related to prognosis and tumor growth at early stage. Since the incidence of ER does not significantly differ between females and males, the observed sex differences regarding thyroid tumor incidence may reflect the higher estrogen serum content in females.

Adenoma↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Immunohistochemical evaluation of estrogen receptor status in benign prostatic hypertrophy and in prostate carcinoma and the relationship to efficacy of endocrine therapy.

The levels of estrogen receptors in human benign prostatic hypertrophy and in various pathological classifications of prostate carcinoma were assessed using immunohistochemical methods. All cases of benign hypertrophy showed elevated levels of estrogen receptor, while receptor-positive cells were detected in only 48% of carcinomas, indicating a negative correlation between receptor status and malignancy. Furthermore, the prognosis for effective endocrine therapy was poor in cases where tissues demonstrated low or negative receptor levels. In addition, the estrogen receptor status was compared to cell kinetic index such as proliferating cell nuclear antigen and argyrophilic staining of the nuclear organizer region.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Antigen immunohistochemistry of renal cell adenomas in autopsy cases: relevance to histogenesis.

Eighty-three kidneys from autopsy cases, all more than 60 years of age, were used in the present studies. Three millimeter-thick step slices from all kidneys were embedded in paraffin, and serial sections from all blocks used for the immunohistochemical demonstration of Leu M1 (leukocyte membrane antigen) and LTA (Lotus tetragonolobus agglutinin) in cells of proximal convoluted tubular origin, and PNA (peanut agglutinin) and EMA (epithelial membrane antigen) in cells of distal convoluted tubular origin. The ABC staining method was used in all cases. A total of 65 renal cell adenomas found in 31 of the 83 kidneys consisted of 40 papillary, 20 tubular and 5 solid type lesions. The sizes of these renal cell adenomas were from 0.6 to 5 mm in diameter and compression of neighboring tissues was characteristic. Papillary renal cell adenomas were positive in their cytoplasms for Leu M1 and LTA in 7 cases and at their cell membranes for PNA and EMA in 33 cases. The respective figures for tubular renal cell adenomas were 6 cases for Leu M1 and LTA and 14 cases for PNA and EMA. All solid renal cell adenomas were positive in their cytoplasms for PNA and EMA. The immunohistochemical results thus indicated 13 of 65 lesions to have a proximal convoluted tubular cell origin and 52 to be possibly derived from distal convoluted tubules or collecting ducts. A role for metaplasia, however, could not be ruled out.

Adenoma↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Analyses of ADAMTS13 activity and its inhibitor in patients with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura secondary to connective tissue diseases: Observations in a single hospital.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

ADAM Proteins↗