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Biomedical subjects

M Ohno

Publications and source records attributed to M Ohno.

At least 469 records · Page 26Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[The effects of coronary thrombolysis on the short- and long-term mortality in acute myocardial infarction].

Among 263 patients with acute myocardial infarction, 141 were treated with urokinase (UK group) and 122 received no urokinase (conventional group). Urokinase (UK) was administered intracoronarily in 55 cases; intravenously (mainly 1,920,000 units) in 64 cases; and intravenously and intracoronarily in 22 cases. The mortality rates were ascertained three months after admission and during the mean follow-up periods of 17.5 months for the UK group and 24.5 months for the conventional group. The three month mortality was significantly lower in the UK group (10.6%, 15 cases) than in the conventional group (23.8%, 29 cases) (p less than 0.01). The mortality during the entire follow-up period was also lower in the UK group (14.2%, 20 cases) than in the conventional group (26.2%, 32 cases) (p less than 0.05). Fatalities due to cardiac rupture, ventricular fibrillation, cardiac failure, cardiogenic shock and recurrent infarction were uniformly less in the UK group. It was concluded that coronary thrombolysis is an effective means of reducing mortality in acute myocardial infarction.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[A variation of May-Thurner syndrome: a case report].

A 48-year-old man admitted with the complaint of a swollen left leg. Abdominal computed tomography demonstrated a tortuous left common iliac artery and a collapsed left common iliac vein. Contrast left iliac venogram revealed complete occlusion of the left common iliac vein. Abdominal aortography showed a tortuous left common iliac artery, which was thought to be compressing the left common iliac vein.

Constriction, Pathologic↗
PubMed1989

[Cerebello-pontine angle epidermoid with cerebellar atrophy; report of a case].

The inside of an epidermoid is formed by masses of epithelial debris, desquamative keratin and cells derived from the epithelial capsule which accumulate very slowly within the capsule. As a result, the growth of the tumor is very slow, and the clinical signs are very diverse and bizarre because of the situation and extension of the epidermoids throughout the basal cisterns. A 52-year-old housewife was admitted to our clinic with complaints of dizziness and gait disturbance. The abnormal neurological findings were truncal ataxia, lt-trigeminal disturbance, lt-facial palsy, lt-hearing disturbance, lt-cerebellar signs (dysmetria, dysdiadochokinesia) and nystagmus. CT scan revealed low density area in the prepontine cistern and lt-cerebello-pontine angle, which was not enhanced following intravenous injection of the contrast medium. Metrizamide CT cisternography showed staining of the tumor heterogeneously revealing a honeycomb appearance. MRI showed the tumor clearly as well as the severe atrophy of the lt-cerebellar hemisphere and the pontine basal area. In this case atrophy of the cerebellar hemisphere and pons may have resulted from being compressed by the tumor. Because of this, we think it necessary to stress that early diagnosis and operation of the epidermoid are very important.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1988

A selective kappa-opioid agonist, U-50,488H, blocks the development of tolerance to morphine analgesia in rats.

The development of tolerance to morphine analgesia was completely blocked by the coadministration of a selective kappa-opioid agonist, U-50,488H at doses of 3.2 or 10 mg/kg i.p. These doses of U-50,488H exerted no analgesic effect by themselves and did not affect the analgesia induced by 10 mg/kg of morphine. The analgesic effect of morphine was restored when 10 mg/kg of U-50,488H was coinjected in morphine-tolerant rats. These findings suggest that activation of the kappa-opioid system prevents the development of tolerance to morphine analgesia.

3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cycloh↗
PubMed1988

Assay for enkephalin-degrading peptidases in rat brain tissues by high-performance liquid chromatography with on-line post-column fluorescence detection.

The activities of enkephalin-degrading peptidases such as enkephalinases A and B in rat brain tissues were simultaneously assayed by a high-performance liquid chromatographic method with fluorimetric detection with an automatic reaction system. Tyrosine and tyrosine-containing peptides produced enzymatically from the substrate, methionine-enkephaline, were separated by gradient elution on a reversed-phase column (TSK gel ODS-120T), and then converted into fluorescent derivatives for detection by reaction with hydroxylamine, cobalt(II) and borate reagents. The method permits the simple and sensitive detection of N-terminal tyrosine-containing fragments of the enkephalin peptide. The limits of detection are 5-20 pmol per assay tube for the N-terminal tyrosine-containing fragments. The enzyme activities in the regionally separated tissues were 54-191 pmol/min.mg protein for enkephalinase A and 79-153 pmol/min.mg protein for enkephalinase B, which were calculated from the formation of Tyr-Gly-Gly and Tyr-Gly, respectively, during the enzyme reaction.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

The effect of low and high NaCl diets on oral glucose tolerance.

The effects of low and high NaCl diets on plasma glucose and insulin responses to glucose ingestion were investigated in 15 patients with essential hypertension. Oral glucose (75 g) tolerance tests were carried out while patients were taking diets with low (2 g/day) and high (20 g/day) NaCl content. Fasting plasma glucose and insulin levels were both significantly lower during ingestion of the high NaCl diet (p less than 0.05). After glucose ingestion, the incremental areas under the two hour plasma glucose and insulin curves were significantly smaller during ingestion of the high NaCl diet (glucose p less than 0.005 and insulin p less than 0.025). These findings that low NaCl diets increase the glycemic response to glucose loads suggest that use of NaCl restriction for the treatment of essential hypertension may not always be desirable.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Salt sensitivity and central dopaminergic activity in patients with essential hypertension].

The pathophysiological role of the central dopaminergic mechanism in human essential hypertension (EH) is still unknown. We studied on the relationship between the dopaminergic activity and the salt-sensitivity. Twenty three hospitalized patients with EH were divided into the salt-sensitive group (SS, n = 12) or non salt-sensitive group (NSS, n = 11) by their responses whether they caused more than 8% increase in mean blood pressure (MBP) when the dietary salt was increased from 2g/day to 20g/day for 7 days of each. The change of central dopaminergic activity by the salt load was evaluated by the decrement of plasma prolactin (PRL) response to small dosage (25 micrograms) of thyrotropin releasing hormone. The mean percent change of PRL response by the salt load in the SS group was -6.5 +/- 8.3% (mean +/- SEM), which was significantly lower than 26.8 +/- 5.5% in the NSS group (p less than 0.01). There was a significant negative correlation between the percent changes of PRL response and the percent changes of MBP by the salt load (r = -0.448, p less than 0.05). These results suggested that the rise in blood pressure by salt load in SS patients with EH might be due to a reduced activity of the central dopaminergic mechanism.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Requirement of ATP in the second step of the pre-mRNA splicing reaction.

The requirement of ATP in the second step of mRNA precursor splicing was examined by dissecting the two steps of the in vitro splicing reaction using a heat-treated nuclear extract from HeLa cells. When a mRNA precursor containing two exons and a single intron from the delta-crystallin gene was initially incubated for 60 min with the heated extract, thereby allowing only the first step of the splicing reaction to occur, and subsequently with a normal extract for 10 min, the final spliced product was produced without any lag. The production of the spliced molecule during the second incubation with the normal extract represents conversion of the intermediates already formed with the heated extract into the spliced product. The conversion was stimulated by the addition of ATP during the second incubation and inhibited by a nonhydrolyzable ATP analogue. These results led us to conclude that ATP is required for the second step of the splicing reaction.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1988

Proton NMR resonance assignments and surface accessibility of tryptophan residues of a dimeric phospholipase A2 from Trimeresurus flavoviridis.

Proton NMR spectra of a dimeric phospholipase A2 from Trimeresurus flavoviridis have been recorded. N-1 proton resonances of the tryptophan indole rings have been detected and assigned to specific positions, Trp-3/Trp-30, Trp-68 and Trp-108, by comparing the spectra of the enzyme derivatives with tryptophans oxidized to differing extents. Photo-CIDNP experiments have revealed that Trp-68 and Trp-108 are exposed while Trp-3 and Trp-30 are buried in the molecule. This is consistent with the X-ray crystal structure of a homologous phospholipase A2 from Crotalus atrox where residues 3 and 30 are located at a dimer interface, but inconsistent with the results of stepwise oxidation of tryptophan residues.

Macromolecular Substances↗
PubMed1988

Transition of environmental polarity of tyrosine-76 of Trimeresurus flavoviridis phospholipase A2 upon active site ligand binding.

Modification of Trimeresurus flavoviridis phospholipase A2 with a 5-fold molar excess of tetranitromethane produced 40% active mononitrotyrosyl phospholipase A2 in which Tyr-76 was specifically nitrated. This is in contrast to the case of mammalian pancreatic phospholipases A2 where Tyr-70 but not Tyr-76 was nitrated. When Ca2+ was bound to T. flavoviridis mononitrotyrosyl phospholipase A2, nitrated tyrosine (Tyr(NO2))-76 moved from a less polar site to a polar site with the decrease of the pKa value of its hydroxyl group. Nitration of Tyr-76 did not influence the binding affinity to Ca2+. Addition of laurylphosphorylcholine to mononitrotyrosyl phospholipase A2 in the presence of Ca2+ caused the movement of Tyr(NO2)-76 from a polar environment to a less polar environment with the rise in the pKa value. Tyrosine-76 is located in the site whose environmental polarity is affected by the binding of the ligands to the active site. As Tyr-76 is located in the site not proximal to the active site, it could be assumed that the conformational change induced by the binding of the ligands extends to the region remote from the active site in T. flavoviridis phospholipase A2. This might provide evidence of long-range diffusional coupling between remote sites in the noncooperative globular protein.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1988

Comparison of functional responses of canine coronary artery and saphenous vein.

Functional responses of canine circumflex coronary arteries and saphenous veins before and after grafting surgery were assessed following physiologic and pharmacologic interventions. Developed tension of ringed segments of vessels was recorded isometrically. Dose-dependent responses to norepinephrine revealed significantly greater responses of saphenous veins than coronary arteries (maximal responses were 2.79 +/- 0.45 and 0.44 +/- 0.34 g, respectively; p less than 0.001). Sensitivity to norepinephrine [as evaluated by 50% effective dose (ED50) value] was 3.3 times greater in the saphenous veins (p less than 0.001). STA2, a synthetic thromboxane A2 analog (see Methods), produced similar contractions of both vessels [maximal responses were 2.13 +/- 0.37 g in saphenous vein and 1.64 +/- 0.85 g in coronary artery; p less than not significant (NS)], while sensitivity to STA2 of saphenous veins was 3.1 times greater than that of coronary arteries (p less than 0.001). In contrast to the foregoing responses, coronary arteries demonstrated significantly greater responses to potassium than saphenous veins (maximal responses were 2.16 +/- 0.71 g and 1.40 +/- 0.56 g, respectively; p less than 0.001). Moreover, coronary arteries revealed 1.6 times greater sensitivity than saphenous veins (p less than 0.001). When saphenous veins were transplanted into the femoral artery, the segments of the grafts (2 weeks or 3 months after surgery) revealed 4.0 and 1.7 times greater sensitivity (denervation supersensitivity) to norepinephrine and potassium than those of the control veins (p less than 0.01, respectively). Contractile tension response, however, decreased by at least 50% 3 months after surgery, most probably due to a thickened vessel wall and a reduced compliance.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗