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Biomedical subjects

M Ohashi

Publications and source records attributed to M Ohashi.

At least 523 records · Page 29Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Treatment of mycosis fungoides with OK-432.

Up to the present no other therapeutic means besides local X-ray or beta-ray irradiation and anticancer drugs for the treatment of patients with mycosis fungoides, especially when the condition has progressed to secondary involvement of the lymph nodes, has been found. A recent clinical trial of OK-432 injected locally into cutaneous tumors of a patient with this disease resulted in a conspicuous contraction not only of the tumors injected but of other tumors as well along with significant regression of lymphadenomas. No serious adverse reaction was observed other than low-grade fever and heavy-headedness. These results suggest host-mediated and direct antitumor effects of OK-432 as the possible underlying mechanisms. The efficacy of OK-432 in reducing the size of the tumors without causing any serious adverse effects indicate the potential usefulness of this drug for the treatment of mycosis fungoides.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1976

Clinical use of tobramycin in patients with surgical infections due to gram-negative bacilli.

Twenty-three patients with acute peritonitis, intraabdominal abscess, wound infections (including infection of serious burns), sepsis accompanying renal transplantation, or urinary tract infection associated with cancer were treated with various dosage regimens of tobramycin, and their clinical responses were analysed. For the conditions studied, the optimal regimen was 3 mg/kg per day in three divided doses. No clinical effectiveness was noted in this study for doses of greater than or equal to 4 mg/kg per day.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

Studies on the structure activity relationship of adrenergic beta-mimetic benzylamine derivatives.

Appropriately substituted benzylamine (BZA) derivatives, fragmented derivatives of tetrahydroisoquinolines, were found to be directly acting adrenergic beta-stimulants, exhibiting tracheal relaxing, positive chronotropic and free fatty acid (FFA) releasing activities. The chemical structures essential for manifestation of the beta-action were i) 3,4-dihydroxybenzylamine, ii) arylmethyl group at position alpha, iii) lower alkyl group on the N atom. The structure activity relationships of BZA-derivatives were almost similar to, but partly different from those of tetrahydroisoquinoline- and catecholamine-derivatives. The tracheal relaxing, positive chronotropic and FFA-releasing actions of alpha-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzyl)-N-methyl-3,4-dihydroxybenzylamine, the most active compound in the BZA-derivatives tested, were approximately one-hundred, thirty and fifty times less active than those of ISO, respectively. These results indicate that this compound is beta1-selective, while trimetoquinol is beta2-selective.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1976

Studies on the mode of antagonism between adrenergic beta-mimetics and beta-blocking agents (III). Functional antagonism between beta-mimetics and spasmogens.

New equations which can explain the following characteristic phenomena in the functional antagonism between isoproterenol (ISO) and spasmogens in guinea-pig trachea are proposed: (1) The amplitude of relaxation of the muscle induced by ISO varied depending on the concentration of a spasmogen used (histamine or carbachol). (2) The dose-response curves for the relaxation by ISO shifted to the right in a parallel manner as the concentration of the spasmogen increased, and became stationary at high concentrations of the spasmogen. (3) The slope of the dose-response curve became steeper with increasing concentrations of the spasmogen. When the saturable uptake process of ISO was taken into consideration, a satisfactory parallel was seen between the theoretical dose-response curves and the present experimental results.

Adrenergic beta-Agonists↗
PubMed1976

Studies on the mode of antagonism between adrenergic beta-mimetics and beta-blocking agents (IV). Influence of functional antagonism by spasmogens.

A new theory is presented to describe the effect of functional antagonism on the competitive antagonism between adrenergic beta-mimetics and beta-blockers. According to this theory the shape of the log (dose ratio-1) vs.--log [B] curve and the apparent pA2 value in competitive antagonism should be affected by functional antagonism when the agonist is taken up by the saturable uptake process, and this was experimentally confirmed. The competitive antagonism between isoproterenol (ISO) and propranolol (Prop) was influenced by the functional antagonism between ISO and spasmogens (histamine and carbachol). The log (dose ratio-1) vs. --log [B] curve is ISO-Prop competitive antagonism was shifted variously depending on the concentration of a spasmogen used. Theoretical predictions and experimental results were in good parallel.

Adrenergic beta-Agonists↗
PubMed1976

Studies on the mode of antagonism between adrenergic beta-mimetics and beta-blocking agents (II). Analysis by the uptake saturation model.

Curves of experimentally plotted log (dose ratio-1) vs.-log [B] for the antagonism between adrenergic beta-mimetics, isoproterenol (ISO) and trimetoquinol (TMQ), and various beta-antagonists in relaxation of guinea-pig trachea could not be reasonably fitted to Schild's equation which has been commonly used in the analysis of drug-antagonism. Taking into consideration the saturable uptake process of the drug used herein, the equation presented in this paper fitted fairly well to the experimental curves and explains the following results: 1, TMQ was more strongly antagonized than ISO by all the blocking agents tested, that is, the apparent modes of antagonism were different between ISO and TMQ although they are considered to interact with the same receptor site. 2, The slope of the curve for a given antagonist markedly differed between ISO and TMQ. It is hypothesized that ISO is more easily taken up than TMQ. This was experimentally confirmed: i.e., ISO was potentiated about 8 fold by inhibiting the uptake process with dibenamine while TMQ was not. By pretreatment with dibenamine, the log (dose ratio-1) vs.-log [B] curve for the ISO-propranolol antagonism was shifted upward and superimposed with the theoretical curve of antagonism in which uptake of the agonist was neglected.

Adrenergic beta-Agonists↗