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Biomedical subjects

M Oehmichen

Publications and source records attributed to M Oehmichen.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[Reye's syndrome with pancreatitis and hypoxic brain damage].

Reye syndrome was observed in a 5 1/2-year-old girl after an appendectomy. It was accompanied by insulin-resistant hyperglycaemia. Central adaptation failure resulted in death on the fourth day of treatment. Post mortem and histological results showed phlegmonous pancreatitis of the excretory type, apart from the established manifestations of Reye syndrome (severe cerebral oedema, excessive hepatic steatosis, moderate fatty degeneration of renal tubuli). Neuropathology revealed exclusively signs of hypoxic damage. Pancreatitis, usually necrotising or haemorrhagic, is not infrequent in Reye's syndrome. Girls are predominantly affected and pancreatitis is associated with a tendency towards sometimes serious hyperglycaemia. The possibility of this complication should be considered in the treatment of Reye syndrome.

Brain Edema↗
PubMed1984

[Blood destruction in pulmonary alveoli: signs of vitality and determination of survival time].

Lungs from 26 cases were examined in which blood was present as a result of a gunshot wound, a stab wound, or aspiration. Signs of vitality and of a time-dependent reaction sequence were evaluated to determine survival time. Only those morphologic criteria were considered that could be obtained on paraffin sections. In addition to H & E staining, siderin was identified with the Prussian blue reaction and the activities were determined of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase, as macrophage marker, and naphthol AS-D chloracetate esterase, as granulocyte marker. The following criteria were evaluated: granulocyte emigration, erythrocyte adherence to the surface of macrophages, macrophage ingestion of erythrocytes, and determination of siderin as indicator of intracellular erythrocyte digestion. Adherence was also observed in those cases that did not survive. The initial sign of vitality was granulocyte emigration, which was observed for the first time after a survival time of 5 min. Erythrophages were found after a survival time of 30 min at least, siderophages after 17 h at the earliest. Literature dealing with vitality and age determination, as well as the pathogenesis of the reaction sequence, is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Postmortem DNA and RNA synthesis. Preliminary studies in human cadavers].

Postmortem DNA and RNA synthesis was detected in tissue specimens harvested from two cadavers at different intervals between 2.5 and 32 h postmortem. Each tissue specimen was incubated for 1 h in a 3H-thymidine or 3H-cytidine solution. DNA- as well as RNA-synthesizing cells were found in skin tissue and bone marrow throughout the interval investigated. Cytidine incorporation decreased progressively during the course of the postmortem interval. DNA and RNA synthesis was also observed in cells of the testis, which were predominantly spermatogonia cells in the case of DNA. Low-grade RNA synthesis was detected in bowel epithelial cells up to 2.5 h postmortem; DNA synthesis was not present during the interval investigated. No supravital phenomena were observable in the splenic tissues examined.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Inhibition of non-specific leukocyte esterase activity. Absence of monocyte esterase activity due to phosphoric and thiophosphoric acid ester intoxication.

In vitro evaluation of the effect of five insecticidal phosphoric and 11 thiophosphoric acid esters on different, non-specific human leukocytes esterases indicated that most of the organic phosphor compounds studied inhibited the activity of neutral alpha-naphthylacetate esterase, alpha-naphthylbutyryl esterase, and naphthol AS acetate esterase, i.e. the monocyte esterases. The extent of inhibition was dose dependent; the inhibiting dose being identical for the various non-specific esterases. Reactivation with Obidoxim was not successful. Monocyte esterase activity in a human survivor of E 605 intoxication was detectable only after serum acetylcholinesterase had returned to normal levels. The organic phosphor compound studied, however, inhibited neither acid alpha-naphthylacetate esterase nor naphthol AS-D chloroacetate esterase activity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Enzyme activity of isolated leukocyte populations. I. Cytochemical and zymographic studies of stored blood under various storage conditions].

Heparinized venous blood was stored under sterile conditions at different temperatures (4 C, 20 C, 37 C) for various intervals (0-7 days). After storage the granulocytes and lymphocytes were isolated with routine methods. Naphthol AS-D-chloroacetate esterase as a granulocyte marker and acid alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase as a T-lymphocyte marker were identified on smears of the washed cell suspension. Different enzymes were identified in the cell sediment with electrophoresis. Relatively pure lymphocyte suspensions were obtained within the first 24 h. After this time, however, the percentage of these mononuclear cells declined markedly. The percentage of isolated granulocytes varied slightly; there was a marked predominance of granulocytes (more than 70%) at all intervals investigated during the isolation. Cytochemical analysis of the granulocytes and lymphocytes indicated that the decrease in the percentage of enzyme-positive cells depends in each case on the duration of the storage interval. During the first 24 h, only PGM1 and GOTM could be identified in the lymphocyte suspension with horizontal starch gel electrophoresis. The enzymes PGM1, PGM3, PGI, MDH, GOTM, 6-PGD, ADA could always be identified in the granulocyte suspension; AK, FUCA, MEM could be occasionally identified; and GPT and GLO could never be identified.

Blood Preservation↗
PubMed1983

[Enzyme activity of isolated leukocyte populations. II. Cytochemical and zymographic studies of cadaver blood].

Blood was taken from the femoral vein of 17 autopsied cadavers with different diagnoses and postmortal intervals (10-120 h). The granulocytes and lymphocytes were isolated with routine methods. The cell suspensions were subject to morphologic, enzyme-cytochemical (naphthol AS-D chloroacetate esterase) and electrophoretic (PGM1, PGM3, GOTM, PEPA, MEM, FUCA) investigations. The following results were obtained: Erythrocyte-free cell suspensions are only found during short postmortal intervals; Isolation of pure lymphocytes from cadaver blood using the described method is only possible very early in the postmortal interval (within 10 h); The isolated granulocytes contain an impressively high percentage of eosinophilic granulocytes; The percentage of naphthol AS-D-chloroacetate esterase-positive granulocytes is considerably lower in stored, conserved blood than in blood smears; Identification of the above mentioned enzymes from isolated granulocytes from all cadavers is possible by electrophoresis.

Enzymes↗
PubMed1983

[Brain changes in parathion poisoning: observations in 42 cases].

A total of 42 cases were examined neuropathologically to determine possible toxic changes occurring in the brain after parathion intoxication. Sporadic anoxic alterations were observed in 7% of 41 cases in which the cause of death was acute intoxication. Nearly all cases (93%), however, showed marked hyperemia, often coupled with small reactionsless, periventricular hemorrhages which occurred in 40% of the cases. In one third of the cases (33%) there was moderate swelling of the oligodendroglia. Whereas histological evidence of edema was found in nearly one third of the cases (30%), comparison of the brain weights in these subjects with those of a large comparative collective showed definite pathologic brain weights in only five cases (12%) with 95% confidence limits. It is true that in 18 cases (42%) the brain weight was above the normal value if the confidence limit is ignored. Pronounced anoxic alterations were observed in only one case in which the individual survived the acute intoxication for 4 weeks after initial respiratory arrest. Predominantly toxic changes, however, could not be detected in any of the cases examined. This negative morphologic finding does not agree with the physiologic alterations reported by other investigators using animal models; they considered the cause of death in cases of parathion intoxication to be the result of toxic paralysis of the respiratory center. The literature was discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Intravital and postmortal CT examinations in cerebral gunshot injuries].

The value of CT was assessed in 24 patients who died of cerebral gunshot injuries and in two patients with more recent injuries in order to reconstruct the mode of injury and for adding forensic information. The post-mortem and intravital appearances described and are compared with ultrasound rotation compound scans of the isolated brains. CT showed good agreement with pathological findings. Ultrasound produced images with an accuracy between CT and photographs of the brain specimen. Both methods are regarded as valuable additions to the pathological and forensic information concerning gunshot injuries.

Brain↗
PubMed1982

Enhanced phagocytic activity of lymph node macrophages after intranodular injection of autologous red blood cells.

Rabbits were killed 1 h to 12 days after injection of washed autologous red blood cells (RBC) into the paratracheal cervical lymph nodes. Microscopic, electron-microscopic, and histochemical techniques were used to study the time-dependent ingestion and digestion capacity of phagocytes in the lymph nodes. One hour after intranodular injection of RBC, a greater portion of the target cells had already attached to the surface of and were partly ingested by sinusoidal phagocytes in the marginal zone and medulla. After 6 h, degradation of erythrocyte hemoglobin into hemosiderin could be demonstrated in a few of the cells. After 9 days, erythrocytes, erythrophages, and hemosiderophages had disappeared and could no longer be observed in the lymph nodes. Comparative morphological and histochemical studies showed these phagocytes to be macrophages. The possibility of an opsonizing or a humoral factor in lymph serum which stimulates phagocytosis was excluded in in vitro studies (peritoneal macrophages incubated with lymph serum and RBC) and the possibility of phagocytosis induced by a T-cell-macrophage interaction, was excluded in in vivo studies with athymic nude mice. Comparable enhanced phagocytic activity of lymph node macrophages could be observed in vitro after injection of RBC into isolated lymph nodes of rabbits. The finding presented here indicate that marginal zone and medullary macrophages are primarily activated and that they eliminate autologous RBC from the sinuses without any additional stimulus by mechanisms which have not yet been clarified.

Animals↗