Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Odawara

Publications and source records attributed to M Odawara.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Paraoxonase polymorphism (Gln192-Arg) is associated with coronary heart disease in Japanese noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

Serum paraoxonase/arylesterase (PONA) is associated with high-density lipoprotein and may prevent oxidation of low-density lipoprotein by hydrolyzing lipid peroxides. A recent report suggested an association of glutamine (A type)/arginine (B type) polymorphism at position 192 of PONA gene with coronary heart disease (CHD) among Caucasian patients with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). However, conflicting results have also been reported. To investigate the significance of this polymorphism in the pathogenesis of CHD, we performed an association study of this polymorphism with CHD in Japanese NIDDM patients. We genotyped 164 patients with NIDDM, 42 with CHD, and 122 without CHD. Other known risk factors for CHD were matched between the 2 groups. AB+BB isoforms were detected in 41 of 42 diabetic patients with CHD. The proportion of B allele carriers (AB+BB) was significantly higher than that of AA carriers among diabetic patients with CHD compared with those without CHD (chi 2 = 7.68, P = 0.003). Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed a markedly increased odds ratio (OR: 8.823, CI, 1.13-68.7) in B allele carriers, while ORs of other risk factors remained between 1.01 and 1.92. Carriers of the B allele of the Gln192Arg polymorphism in the PONA gene proved to be at increased risk for developing CHD in Japanese NIDDM patients. This association was independent of other known risk factors for CHD, suggesting an important role of the paraoxonase B isoform in the pathogenesis of CHD.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Ginkgo biloba.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

A G-to-A substitution at nucleotide position 3316 in mitochondrial DNA is associated with Japanese non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

By directly sequencing amplified DNA from 30 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) who had diabetic family members, we identified a G-to-A mutation at np 3316 in the ND-1 gene of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). DNA from 254 patients with NIDDM or impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), from 154 patients with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and from 207 non-diabetic control subjects was screened for this substitution. The mutation existed in 5 of 254 Japanese NIDDM or IGT patients (2.0%), but not in other subjects. Its prevalence was significantly higher in NIDDM than in other patients or non-diabetic control subjects. The association of the G-A mutation at np 3316 with glucose intolerance suggests the importance of this area for the development of diabetes.

Adenine↗
PubMed1996

Involvement of mitochondrial gene abnormalities in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus.

An A to G mutation at nucleotide position 3243 of the mitochondrial genome has been shown to be associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) with deafness. We investigated the prevalence of this mutation in Japanese patients with IDDM, NIDDM, and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and in nondiabetic control individuals and identified it in three of 300 patients with NIDDM or IGT (1.0%). None of these individuals had significant sensorineural hearing loss. None of the 94 IDDM or the 115 nondiabetic control subjects was positive for this mutation. Oral glucose tolerance test revealed that a 57-year-old male with this mutation was rather hyperinsulinemic in the fasting state. The insulin secretion in this patient decreased with age; he did not complain of any hearing disorder, although audiometry revealed a slight elevation of hearing threshold at high frequencies. In conclusion, we found that a mitochondrial gene mutation at np 3243 was present in about 1% of NIDDM patients including IGT, and the subtype of diabetes mellitus with this mutation may have a similar clinical profile to that found in patients with NIDDM commonly seen in outpatient clinics. Screening of 116 patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and 149 patients with autoimmune thyroid diseases revealed that this mutation rarely exists in patients with autoimmune diseases.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Absence of association between the Gly40-->Ser mutation in the human glucagon receptor and Japanese patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus or impaired glucose tolerance.

We investigated whether a G123-->A mutation causing a Gly40-->Ser substitution in exon 2 of the human glucagon receptor gene, which has been reported to be associated with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) in France and Sardinia with a prevalences as high as 4.6% and 8.3%, respectively, is associated with Japanese patients with glucose intolerance. This mutation was not found in 242 unrelated Japanese patients with NIDDM or 23 with IGT by screening by the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method. We also performed single-stranded conformational polymorphism analysis to search for new mutations in this gene associated with glucose intolerance. We found no mutations by examining all the 13 exons from 30 selected patients with NIDDM who had at least 2 diabetic first-degree relatives. These patients were also screened for the common polymorphism at codon 155 reported previously, but none were found to carry it. The absence of the mutation and polymorphism, which are common in French and Sardinian NIDDM or IGT patients, in Japanese indicates the existence of marked ethnic differences.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Predicting long-term glycemic control of post-educational type II diabetic patients by evaluating serum 1,5-anhydroglucitol levels.

1,5-Anhydroglucitol (1.5-AG) is known to closely reflect diabetic control within several days. The possibility of predicting long-term glycemic control after an educational hospitalization of type II diabetic patients was investigated by examining the relationship between changes in serum 1,5-AG levels after a short-term trial home stay following an educational program and long-term changes in glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels after discharge. After 22 patients with type II diabetes had successfully completed the educational hospitalization program, they returned as outpatients for 5 nights in a row. Changes in serum 1,5-AG levels were determined during this period. The HbA1c levels were then determined over a period of 3 months after discharge, and the relationship between changes in 1,5-AG and HbA1c levels was examined. Changes in serum 1,5-AG levels during the 5-day trial home stay and the changes in HbA1c levels during the 3 months after discharge from the hospital were found to be significantly correlated (r = 0.70, P < 0.01). A comparison of the decreased group, which exhibited a decrease in 1.5-AG levels of 5.0 mumol/l or more during the trial home stay, and the unchanged group, revealed that increases in body mass index 3 months after discharge were significantly higher in the decreased group (1.2 +/- 0.4%) than in the unchanged group (0.2 +/- 0.5%) (P < 0.05). Determination of serum 1,5-AG levels of patients with type II diabetes before and after a trial home stay following educational hospitalization was found to be useful in identifying patients at high risk of recurrence of poor glycemic control in the future.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Radioiodinated metaiodobenzylguanidine scintigraphy for pheochromocytoma. A false-positive case of adrenocortical adenoma and literature review.

Radioiodinated metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) scintigraphy is known for its high specificity in detecting pheochromocytoma and other tumors of neural crest origin. We describe herein the first case of a definite adrenocortical adenoma that demonstrated false-positive uptake on MIBG scintigraphy. In addition, we reviewed all 13 reported cases showing false-positive uptake, and suggest that careful evaluation is needed before diagnosing a 'silent' or 'asymptomatic' pheochromocytoma.

3-Iodobenzylguanidine↗