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Biomedical subjects

M Odaka

Publications and source records attributed to M Odaka.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Aromatic rings of tyrosine residues at adenine nucleotide binding sites of the beta subunits of F1-ATPase are not necessary for ATPase activity.

Using site-directed mutagenesis, Tyr-307, Tyr-341, or Tyr-364, supposedly located at the adenine nucleotide binding site(s) of the beta subunits of F1-ATPase from the thermophilic bacterium PS3, was replaced with Phe or Cys. The alpha 3 beta 3 complexes reconstituted from the alpha subunits and individual mutant beta subunits hydrolyzed ATP. Thus, neither the hydroxyl groups nor the aromatic rings in these positions are required for ATPase activity of F1-ATPase.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1990

Mortality in chronic dialysis patients in Japan.

Results of all forms of dialysis undertaken in Japan since 1980 through 1988 are presented. Gross mortality and actuarial survival are presented, including age-adjusted survival. The addition of older patients has not as yet increased Japanese mortality, which is markedly higher in the first year of dialysis than in later years.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1990

Five-year survival for end-stage renal disease patients in the United States, Europe, and Japan, 1982 to 1987.

We compared the 5-year survival for new end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients accepted for renal replacement therapy (RRT) between 1982 and 1987 in the United States (n = 150,862), Europe (European Dialysis and Transplant Association [EDTA]) (n = 124,796), and Japan (n = 66,244). Given these large samples that approach a census in each of the three regions, all results are statistically significant. Our analysis showed that the US patients were older and more likely to be diabetic than the patients in either EDTA or Japan. After correction for patient differences in age composition and the percent diabetic, Japan had the highest survival, followed by EDTA, and then the US. Overall, the US 5-year survival was 40%. When comparison is done by age, only the youngest patients in the US (less than 15 years) have longer survival than their counterparts in Europe and Japan. For ages greater than 14 years, the survival differences between the US and EDTA and between the US and Japan grow larger with higher patient age. The comparisons of mortality by diagnosis showed that the differences between the US and EDTA and between the US and Japan were least for diabetes. For non-diabetic patients, the age adjusted relative risk (RR) of mortality for the US compared with EDTA was 1.22, ie, 22% higher in the US; for the US compared with Japan, the RR was 1.40. In contrast, the RR for diabetic patients in the US compared with EDTA was 1.07, and 1.23 for the US compared with Japan.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[An autopsy report of malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the left atrium and a review of the pertinent literature].

A 30-year-old male complaining of fever was admitted to hospital and a diagnosis of a malignant, fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) was established after a biopsy examination. Antitumor chemotherapy and Co60 irradiation was initiated. The patient, however, suddenly died of cardiac arrest 9 months after admission. The autopsy revealed a polypoid, yellow-white tumor (5 cm in diameter) arising from the antero-lateral wall of the left atrium and occupying the chamber. Twenty-two cases of MFH (21 previous reports and 1 current case) arising from the heart are reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Prognostic value of serum osmolality gap in patients with multiple organ failure treated with hemopurification.

Serum osmolality gap (OG), the difference between measured and predicted serum osmolality, has been shown to be an excellent parameter to express the amount of conventionally unmeasurable middle-molecular-weight substances. OG was determined on 29 patients with multiple organ failure (MOF) treated with or without hemopurification. OG significantly increased in proportion to the increase in the number of failed organs and correlated well with APACHE II score. Nonsurvivors showed persistently high OG. OG decreased with plasma exchange and hemoadsorption, but not with hemodialysis, indicating that pathogenic factors can be removed effectively with plasma exchange and hemoadsorption. The patients with OG greater than 20 mOsm/kg-H2O had very little possibility of survival. These results indicate that OG is an easily determinable, effective parameter to evaluate the severity of the patients' condition, efficacy of hemopurification in removing pathogenic middle-molecular-weight substances, and the prognosis of the patient in the treatment of MOF.

Hemoperfusion↗
PubMed1987

Long term result of LDL selective plasma adsorption therapy on familial hypercholesterolemia.

A newly developed low density lipoprotein (LDL) selective adsorption column from the separated plasma was applied to one patient of heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia for 20 months at intervals of two weeks. LDL selective adsorption column, Liposorber LA-40, contains 400 ml of swollen dextran sulfate cellulose beads. The long-term, 20 month results of treatment with LDL selective plasma adsorption therapy are reported. LDL selective plasma adsorption therapy by Liposorber is useful in decreasing LDL-cholesterol of familial hypercholesterolemia and is more specific and produces a smaller loss of useful components of the serum than the double filtration plasmapheresis treatment. This treatment is effective in improving clinical conditions of familial hypercholesterolemia. In spite of our lengthy treatment with this therapy, no blood transfusion and no replacement of fluids was done in 20 months.

Blood Proteins↗
PubMed1987

[Surgical resection of adrenal carcinoma extending into the vena cava, right atrium and ventricle: case report and review of the literature].

A case of adrenal carcinoma with the tumor thrombus extending into the right atrium and right ventricle is reported. A 46-year-old man was admitted because of abdominal distention and back pain. Angiogram, venacavography, dynamic CT, cardio-echogram and determinations of blood concentration of hormones disclosed a huge non-functional right adrenal tumor and its thrombus having extended into the right atrium and ventricle via the right adrenal vein. Right adrenalectomy and nephrectomy were followed by simultaneous removal of the tumor thrombus. The resected tumor was 14 X 11 X 7 cm in size and 880 g. The thrombus was 90 g. Pathohistological diagnosis of sarcomatoid adrenocortical carcinoma was made. The patient was discharged three weeks after operation and had been remained asymptomatic for 5 months. He died of the recurrence of the tumor on the 206th postoperative day. In the review of English and Japanese literature, 61 cases of malignant tumors extending into the right atrium were analyzed, among which only one case was an adrenal tumor. From this survey, it seems that aggressive resection would provide better survival, and a surgical excision with a use of cardiopulmonary bypass is worth trying for such conditions.

Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms↗
PubMed1987

[Hemodialysis].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Humans↗
PubMed1986

Adsorption of lipoprotein containing apolipoprotein-B through plasma separation for treatment of familial hypercholesterolemia.

For the treatment of familial hypercholesterolemia, Liposorber LA-40 was clinically applied. The Liposorber is a commercially developed affinity adsorbent for plasma perfusion which selectivity adsorbs low density lipoproteins and very low density lipoproteins and is specially designed for plasmapheretic treatment of hypercholesterolemia. The Liposorber column, containing activated cellulose beads having an affinity for lipoprotein containing apolipoprotein-B, has an excellent adsorption capacity, excellent selectivity, minimum albumin loss. This new apheresis system was applied to 2 clinical cases. After seven months of trial perfusion every 2 weeks, patient condition was good, with a level of total cholesterol under 300 mg/dl. No replacement fluids were given during or after treatment. In this paper, clinical results of these patients were shown and the mechanism of adsorption of this specific adsorbent was discussed.

Adsorption↗
PubMed1985

Effects of ATP-MgCl2 and ATP-Na2 administration on renal function and cellular metabolism following renal ischemia.

The present study compared the effects of ATP-MgCl2 or ATP-Na2 administration on renal function and cellular metabolism following renal ischemia in rabbits. Following 100 min of ischemia, the blood flow to the kidney was allowed to reestablish itself, and the rabbits received either saline, ATP-MgCl2 (17.5 mumole/kg each), or ATP-Na2 (17.5 mumole/kg) intravenously. ATP-MgCl2 administration following ischemia significantly accelerated the recovery of renal function. However, administration of ATP-Na2 failed to show any beneficial effect on the recovery process. The changes in renal cellular ketone body ratio (acetoacetate/beta-hydroxybutyrate), energy charge, and pyruvate/lactate indicated that ATP-MgCl2, but not ATP-Na2, reversed ischemically induced impairment in renal cellular metabolism. Reduction in the renal blood flow caused by ischemia was also improved with ATP-MgCl2 treatment. These results indicate that ATP should be given in the form of ATP-MgCl2 for it to be effective following renal ischemia. The results also suggest that the salutary effect of ATP-MgCl2 following renal ischemia could occur through the improvement of cellular metabolism and concomitant improvement in tissue blood flow.

Acetoacetates↗
PubMed1985

[Preoperative combination therapy involving local administration of a non-specific immunoactivated preparation (OK-432) and chemotherapeutic preparations for patients with stomach cancer].

OMF therapy, which is a combination therapy consisting of OK-432 administered locally, Mitomycin C and 5-Fluorouracil, was administered to 50 cases of stomach cancer (52 episodes) preoperatively. Judging the criterion for a positive (+) effect as being the existence of degeneration or necrosis in 1/3-1/2 of carcinomas visible within whole fields, the ratio of histological effectiveness shown by this therapy was 75%. As for its effect on metastatic foci of lymph nodes, when 70 case from an n1 group and 8 from an n2 group with metastatic positive lymph nodes, including 17 cases (4 in Stage II and 13 in Stage III) ablated for curing were studied, a greater than positive (+) effect was shown in 51 out of the total of 78. Consequently the effective ratio was 65%. The survival ratio of 16 cases in Stage III on the 48th month calculated by the Kaplan Meier method was 78.6%. The survival time of 50% of 9 cases in Stage IV (absolute non-curing ablation) was 15 months. Tissue samples were examined constantly after local administration of OK-432. Exudation of neutrocytes was shown on the 1st day, and that of histiocytes, lymphocytes and plasmacytes on the 4th day. At this stage, degeneration of the primary focus or necrotizing change was observed. Interstitial reaction peaked on the 14th day, but histiocytes tended to decrease.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Artificial renal supports in surgery--present status and problems].

Clinical and surgical situation and problems of the blood purification as an artificial renal supports, including hemodialysis, hemofiltration and hemoadsorption, were studied especially fields related with treatment of acute renal failure (ARF), surgeries in the patients treated with chronic hemodialysis and supportive care for the cadaveric renal transplantation. ARF: Our experimental data using septic rats showed that hemoadsorption activated host's reticuloendothelial function and consequently increased survival rate of septic rats. Clinically, similar results were observed by the combination of hemodialysis and hemoadsorption, and the survival rate of ARF with multiple organ failure increased to 68% (21 out of 31 cases) from 30% (8 out of 27) in the patients treated with only hemodialysis. Surgery in the chronic hemodialysis patients: One hundred twenty two operations have been done among the patients treated with chronic hemodialysis in our clinic. However, 15 in emergency cases were died within post operative period. There is no operative death in scheduled operations including total esophagectomy and simultanous radical operation of gall bladder cancer and colon cancer. Pre- and post operative supportive management with immunopotentiator, opsonic protein, coagulative factors and intravenous hyperalimentation with branched chain rich amino acid solution should be added routinely to artificial renal supports in pre- and post operative period. Cadaveric renal transplantation: Eighty-seven percent of cadaveric renal transplantation in our clinic were needed artificial renal support in early phase of post transplantation period because of insufficient renal function by acute tubular necrosis. Necessity of the acceptance of brain death category in Japan is strongly pleaded.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1985

[Pathophysiology and treatment of multiple organ failure among hepatectomized cirrhotic patients].

Our previous studies have claimed that cirrhotic rats, induced with CCl4, showed depressed reticuloendothelial system (RES) function and increased susceptibility to infection. We have also shown that OK-432, a non-specific immunopotentiator, and ATP-MgCl2, which improves depressed intracellular energy metabolism, improve RES function of cirrhotic rats and that thereby improve survival following peritonitis or hepatectomy. The present study was undertaken to investigate whether OK-432 or ATP-MgCl2 could be beneficial for the prevention of multiple organ failure (MOF) following hepatectomy among the cirrhotics. The cirrhotics with hepatocellular carcinoma, who underwent partial hepatectomy (segmentectomy or subsegmentectomy) were given OK-432 (5 KE/day for 4 days) preoperatively or ATP-MgCl2 (50 mumole/kg) within 24 hours following the operation. The rates of postoperative pulmonary complication and the operative mortality were compared among OK-432 group, ATP-MgCl2 group and controls. The rates of posthepatectomy pulmonary complication and operative mortality were decreased with these treatments compared to the controls. The RES function was also improved with these treatments. These data suggest that the cirrhotic patients are the immunocompromised hosts showing the depressed RES function and that the enhancement of RES function with OK-432 or ATP-MgCl2 is beneficial for the prevention of posthepatectomy MOF among cirrhotics.

Animals↗