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Biomedical subjects

M Oda

Publications and source records attributed to M Oda.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Aberrant growth of granulocyte-macrophage progenitors in juvenile chronic myelogenous leukemia in serum-free culture.

We investigated the properties of granulocyte-macrophage (GM) progenitors obtained from patients with juvenile chronic myelogenous leukemia (JCML). CD34+ bone marrow cells from a patient with JCML, unlike normal bone marrow cells, generated a large number of cells in serum-containing liquid culture without additional hematopoietic factors. In serum-deprived culture, only granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) had a modest stimulatory effect on GM colony growth in normal controls. In contrast, stem cell factor (SCF), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and interleukin-3 (IL-3), as well as G-CSF, when tested individually, generated significant numbers of GM colonies in some JCML patients. All two-factor combinations generated significantly more GM colonies in JCML compared with normal controls. In particular, GM-CSF plus SCF exerted an interaction equivalent to the all-factor combination in most patients. Significant differences in the size and constituent cells of GM colonies stimulated by GM-CSF plus SCF were also observed. These results suggest that one possible mechanism for the excessive cell production in JCML is the strong proliferation of GM progenitors induced by hematopoietic factors, especially SCF. According to immunofluorescent analysis, however, it is unlikely that this multiplication is due to an increase in the cell surface expression of c-kit receptors on JCML progenitors.

Antigens, CD34↗
PubMed1996

[A clinical study of renal pelvic and ureteral cancer associated with bladder cancer].

We reviewed 45 cases of transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis and ureter with reference to the coexistence or subsequent development of bladder cancer. Bladder cancer was associated with an upper urinary tract neoplasm in 26 of the 45 cases. The 5-year survival rate for coexistence of bladder cancer was 56% and that for subsequent bladder cancer was 65.6%. The 5-year survival rate for 19 cases unrelated with bladder cancer was 46.7%. Therefore, there was no significant difference among the three groups. As to degree of the malignancy of the renal pelvis and ureter, the 5-year survival rate was 73.7% for G1 and G2 and 26.2% for G3. As to the depth of invasion, of the renal pelvis and ureter the 5-year survival rate was 71.8% and 31.1% in the patients with stage of T1, T2 and T3, T4. The prognosis of cancer of the upper urinary tract depended on the degree of the malignancy, and the depth of invasion. Ninety two percent of subsequent bladder cancer was detected within 2 years after resection of the primary cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[The role of anti L-asparaginase antibody in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia].

The function of IgG antibody with regard to L-asparaginase (L-asp) was investigated in vivo. Blood samples were collected before, during and after IV administration of L-asp (6,000 U/sqm for 10 days) in 18 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) previously treated with L-asp. Using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), serum levels of L-asp and anti-L-asp IgG antibody were measured simultaneously. In 11 cases, the level of anti-L-asp IgG antibody increased prior to, but decreased to within the normal range after drug administration whereas the level of serum L-asp increased after drug administration. In 5 cases, the level of anti-L-asp IgG antibody increased as the level of serum L-asp decreased after drug administration. In contrast, in the 13 cases with no increase in anti-L-asp IgG antibody during L-asp administration, the serum L-asp level was stable. These data indicate that anti-L-asp IgG antibodies play an important role in the immunoclearance of L-asp. We would like to continue to carefully follow patients showing high titers of anti-L-asp IgG antibody during the administration of L-asp.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1996

[The relation of dental examination results at corporation offices to occupation, subjective symptoms of fatigue and daily lifestyle--an investigation based on the number of missing teeth].

Our investigation was intended to find a relationship between the dental health of labourers and, their jobs, subjective symptoms of fatigue and daily lifestyle. Dentists checked the dental health of 2,565 corporation employees (790 male and 775 female) of small to medium-sized enterprises in Hiroshima prefecture. At the same time they examined the employees' occupation, subjective symptoms of fatigue and their health maintenance behavior according to Breslow's criteria. The data were divided into age groups spanning 10 years. Among males in their 30s, those engaged in transport/driving and engineering/production had more missing teeth than others. We found a relationship between the number of missing teeth and subjective symptoms of fatigue among men in their 30s. This suggests that the greater the number of missing teeth, the greater their subjective symptoms of fatigue. The results suggest that missing teeth cause malocclusion which leads to subjective symptoms of fatigue.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Significance of vascular endothelial growth factor messenger RNA expression in primary lung cancer.

The expression of mRNAs for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was examined in 42 cases of primary lung cancer tissues (18 adenocarcinomas, 18 squamous cell carcinomas, 2 large cell carcinomas, 3 small cell carcinomas, and 1 adenoid cystic carcinoma) and 4 human lung cancer cell lines. As seen by reverse transcription-PCR analysis, VEGF mRNAs were expressed predominantly as transcripts for the secretory forms of VEGF (VEGF121 and VEGF165), both in resected lung cancer tissues and in human lung cancer cell lines. The positive ratios of VEGF mRNA according to pathological type were 66.7% (12 of 18) in adenocarcinoma, 72.2% (13 of 18) in squamous cell carcinoma, 100% (2 of 2) in large cell carcinoma, and 67% (2 of 3) in small cell carcinoma. The relative antigen levels of VEGF detected by immunohistochemical examination almost coincided with the relative VEGF mRNA expression levels. Also, we examined the expression of basic fibroblast growth factor mRNA in the same tumor specimens. However, no significant correlation was found between the VEGF and basic fibroblast growth factor mRNA expression levels. We assessed the relationship between the VEGF121 mRNA expression level and the survival period in patients (n = 17) who underwent a curative operation at stage I of the disease. The median survival of the VEGF high-expression group was 8 months, and that of the VEGF low-expression group was 151 months. The 3- and 5-year survival rates of the high-expression group (n = 6) were 50.0% and 16.7%, respectively. On the other hand, those of the low expression group (n = 11) were 90.9% and 77.9%, respectively. The difference in survival between the two groups was significant (P < 0.05). Among eight cases of long-term survival beyond 5 years, seven cases had low or no VEGF121 mRNA expression. In contrast, among 18 cases with VEGF121 mRNA overexpression, 17 cases died due to recurrence. As a marker of tumor angiogenesis, the VEGF121 mRNA expression level may be a significant prognostic indicator of lung cancers in early stages.

Endothelial Growth Factors↗
PubMed1995

Clinicopathological study of primary malignant tumors of the lung: an analysis of 993 tumors resected at the Kanazawa University Hospital between 1979-1993.

A retrospective study was conducted of 993 malignant tumors of the lung in 977 patients. The male-female sex ratio was 2.6:1. The age distribution of the males did not differ from that of the females and the overall mean age was 64.3 +/- 9.5 years (range, 13-85 years). Forty-three percent of the patients were in their seventh decade. The location was peripheral in 81% of the tumors and central in 19%. Of the central tumors, 85% were squamous cell (epidermoid) carcinoma (SCC), while 58% of the peripheral tumors were adenocarcinoma (ADENO). In males, 49% of all tumors were SCC and 36% ADENO, while in females 76% were ADENO. The incidence of positive lymph node metastasis increased in parallel with the pT status in both central and peripheral carcinomas. However, it was noted that, of peripheral lung carcinomas, no SCC with a diameter of 15 mm or less had lymph node metastasis, whereas 18.9% of the ADENO of this size were positive for lymph node metastasis. These results indicate that lymph node metastasis can occur even in small-sized peripheral ADENO less than 15 mm. Thus, early detection and surgery together with mediastinal lymph node dissection are necessary even for small-sized tumors to improve the prognosis in patients with peripheral ADENO of the lung.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Results of surgical treatment of pulmonary metastases.

From 1970 to 1993, 155 thoracotomies for metastatic lung tumors were performed on 113 patients in the Department of Surgery, Kanazawa University School of Medicine. Overall 30-day mortality amounted to 0.9% (1/113). The cumulative 3- and 5-year survival rates were 39.4% and 29.1%, respectively. The overall median survival was 24 months. The 5-year survival rate for carcinoma was 37.2% and for sarcoma it was 14.5% (P < 0.01). The other significant predictors of better long-term survival with metastatic lung tumors were solitary lesions, disease-free interval (DFI) > 24 months, and tumor size < or = 20 mm in diameter. There was no significant difference in survival based on the method of pulmonary resection. Repeat thoracotomy for recurrent metastases was performed in 27 patients, whose 5-year survival rate after the first lung resection was 35.5%. For bilateral pulmonary metastases, we recently performed simultaneous bilateral thoracotomy via median sternotomy on 25 patients and transsternal simultaneous bilateral thoracotomy on 8 patients. The latter procedure provides a wide operative field and better survival. We conclude that resection of metastatic lung tumors is safe and effective, and that repeat thoracotomy is warranted in selected patients with recurrent pulmonary metastases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Plasticity of myofibroblasts appearing in granulation tissues after acetic acid treatment. Effect of bFGF.

To clarify the origin of the myofibroblasts appearing in the healing process of the acetic acid-induced ulcer and effect of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) on these myofibroblasts, we conducted an immunohistochemical study using antibody to intermediate filaments, desmin and vimentin. The binding sites of bFGF on the regenerative tissues were also studied by the radioautographic study of soluble compounds. As a result, the binding sites of bFGF were accumulated on the fibroblasts and myofibroblasts as well as on endothelial cells. The effect of CS23, acid-stable human recombinant bFGF was shown on distribution of myofibroblasts and regeneration of the microvascular system in the mucosal and submucosal layers.

Acetates↗
PubMed1995

Effect of basic fibroblast growth factor on reinnervation of gastric microvessels. Possible relevance to ulcer recurrence.

Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) has well-established angiogenic and ulcer healing actions. bFGF has also been found to induce neural regeneration in the central nervous system. Thus, the present study was undertaken to clarify the effect of basic fibroblast growth factor on the regeneration of autonomic nerves in the granulation tissues following the induction of experimental gastric ulcer induced by acetic acid in rats. Rats were divided into control, acetic acid alone, and acetic acid plus acid-stable human recombinant basic fibroblast growth factor (CS23, 1 microgram/100 g body wt., every 12 hr for three days, or one or two weeks, through oral gastric intubation) groups. As a result, few autonomic nerves were recognized surrounding the newly formed arterioles and venules in the acetic acid alone group. In the CS23-treated group, the cholinergic, calcitonin gene-related peptide and vasoactive intestinal peptide-immunoreactive nerves were clearly recognized near the microvessels, but few adrenergic nerves were seen even after CS23 treatment. From these observations, basic fibroblast growth factor was suggested to promote the reinnervation of the newly formed microvessels.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Treatment of multiple primary squamous cell carcinomas of the lung.

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of multiple primary bronchogenic cancers, especially squamous cell carcinoma, has been increasing as a result of improvements in early detection and cancer therapy. MATERIALS: We treated 14 patients with multiple squamous cell carcinoma of the tracheobronchial tree and lung, which corresponded to 2.3% of all squamous cell carcinoma patients undergoing resection. RESULTS: Two patients had peripheral secondary tumors and underwent segmentectomy or partial resection of the lung with good results. The secondary lesions were superficial and minute (less than 5 mm) in 3 patients, and treated with neodymium-yttrium aluminum garnet laser ablation. Five patients had endobronchial tumors of the nodular or polypoid type with suspected deep invasion or invasion extending beyond the bronchial wall based on the bronchoscopic findings. They underwent parenchymal-sparing limited bronchoplasty with excellent results. Three patients had more advanced tumor with massive invasion outside the bronchial wall without lymph node metastases, 1 patient underwent sleeve lobectomy with long survival, and the other 2 patients without operation died of bleeding or had recurrence. One patient with stage IIIA (T2 N2) secondary cancer who underwent lobectomy died 14 months after the second operation. CONCLUSIONS: The surgical treatment of multiple squamous cell carcinoma is justified and limited operation using bronchoplastic techniques provides superior results.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Clinicopathological study of the peripheral nervous system in Machado-Joseph disease.

Three cases of histologically-proven Machado-Joseph disease (MJD) (clinically, types II and III) are described with special reference to the peripheral nervous system. We systematically and quantitatively analyzed the myelinated fiber densities in various nerves of three MJD patients and compared the results with the patients' clinical features and the pathological findings for the central nervous system (CNS). The results obtained were (1) motor system: The number of intermediate gammamotoneuron fibers was decreased prominently in all three MJD patients. In the type III MJD cases, the number of large alpha-motoneuron fibers also were decreased. (2) Sensory system: it generally was less involved than the motor system at the root level; but the large fibers of the distal portion were vulnerable. (3) Oculomotor system: the number of large oculomotor fibers was decreased markedly in all three cases, but there was relative preservation of parasympathetic fibers. (4) Autonomic system: the preganglionic sympathetic fibers from the intermediate lateral nucleus generally were preserved. These results suggest that in MJD the vulnerability of the peripheral nerves reflects the degree of loss of their original neuronal cells and varies according to the clinical phenotype. The characteristic peripheral neuropathy of MJD may be the result of axonal degeneration due to perikaryal neuronal damage in the central nervous system.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Vocal cord abductor paralysis (VCAP) in Parkinson's disease: difference from VCAP in multiple system atrophy.

Vocal cord abductor paralysis (VCAP) is rare in Parkinson's disease (PD), while it is frequent in multiple system atrophy (MSA). Although VCAP is a life-threatening complication it has not yet been clarified whether there is any difference in the mechanism of VCAP between PD and MSA. Examining 3 autopsy-proven PD patients who developed severe VCAP requiring tracheostomy, we found the following differences in the mechanism of VCAP between MSA and PD: (1) clinical and laryngofiberscopic examination showed that VCAP in PD was not exacerbated during sleep, unlike in MSA; (2) On histological examination of the intrinsic laryngeal muscles, the posterior cricoarytenoid muscle demonstrated no abnormalities in PD, while the muscle showed characteristic neurogenic atrophy in MSA. There seemed to be two types of VCAP, namely the nonparalytic type observed in PD, and the paralytic type observed in MSA. Severe dysphagia requiring tube-feeding was common among PD patients who presented with VCAP. Although the relationship between VCAP and dysphagia is unknown, one should be aware of the possibility of fatal VCAP in PD patients with severe dysphagia.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Decrease of medullary catecholaminergic neurons in multiple system atrophy and Parkinson's disease and their preservation in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

We investigated the number of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-immunoreactive neurons in the C1 and A2 regions of the medulla, the sites of the baroreflex arc, in 7 patients with multiple system atrophy (MSA), 8 with Parkinson's disease (PD), 9 with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and 12 age-matched normal subjects to analyze the relationship between cardiovascular dysfunction and medullary catecholaminergic neurons. Orthostatic hypotension (OH) was marked in all the MSA patients and moderate in three PD patients. Three of the five ALS patients who had been on respirators showed lability of blood pressure; paroxysmal hypertension and nocturnal hypotension without compensatory tachycardia. All the MSA patients showed extremely marked decrease of TH-immunoreactive neurons in both the C1 and A2 regions. In the patients with Parkinson's disease, numerous TH-immunoreactive neurons contained Lewy bodies that were immunostained by antibody to TH. TH-immunoreactive neurons were decreased very markedly in the A2 regions of two patients with OH, and three patients without OH showed fairly marked decreases in the C1 or A2 region. In contrast, the number of TH-immunoreactive neurons in ALS was the same as in normal subjects. In MSA and some PD patients, orthostatic hypotension may partly be due to the involvement of the medullary catecholaminergic neurons. The lability of blood pressure in ALS probably is not related to the medullary catecholaminergic neurons.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

An improved design for a stable and reproducible phantom material for use in near-infrared spectroscopy and imaging.

In this note, we describe an improved phantom material for use in near-infrared spectroscopy and imaging. The material consists of a clear epoxy resin with absorbing dyes and amorphous silica spheres as scattering particles. It is possible to calculate the scattering coefficient and angular scattering distribution of the material from Mie theory, using the known size and refractive index of the silica spheres together with the measured refractive index of the resin (approximately 1.56). We show a good agreement between prediction and experimental measurements. The scattering properties of the material closely match those of tissue in the near-infrared wavelength region, having an anisotropy factor, g, of approximately 0.93. The absorption coefficient of the epoxy is low (approximately 0.001 mm-1), and addition of the dyes produces an absorption coefficient that covers the same range as that of tissue.

Biophysical Phenomena↗
PubMed1995

Autoradiographic demonstration of lansoprazole uptake sites in rat antrum and colon.

To investigate possible effects of lansoprazole other than its acid suppression through the parietal cell, uptake sites for lansoprazole were studied by autoradiography in rat antral and colon mucosa. Autoradiography was performed using two different methods, i.e., routine fixation and in vitro autoradiography on cryostat sections. Our results showed that the uptake sites for lansoprazole in the gastric antrum were located in the interstitial cells, including unmyelinated nerve fibers, whereas those in the colon mucosa corresponded to epithelial cells and some of the interstitial cells. With electron microscopy, the uptake sites for lansoprazole in the colon epithelial cells were seen exclusively near the apical plasma membrane. On the basis of these findings, lansoprazole may have effects on autonomic nerve and colon epithelial function as well as on acid secretion.

2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles↗
PubMed1995

Cloning and sequencing of a 29 kb region of the Bacillus subtilis genome containing the hut and wapA loci.

Within the framework of an international project for the sequencing of the entire Bacillus subtilis genome, a 29 kb chromosome segment, which contains the hut operon (335 degrees) and the wapA gene, has been cloned and sequenced. This region (28,954 bp) contains 21 complete ORFs and one partial one. The 5th, 6th and 17th genes correspond to hutH encoding histidase, hutP encoding the positive regulator for the hut operon and wapA encoding a precursor of three major wall-associated proteins, respectively. A homology search for their products deduced from the 21 complete ORFs revealed that nine of them exhibit significant homology to known proteins such as urocanase (Pseudomonas putida), a protein involved in clavulanic acid biosynthesis (Streptomyces griseus), amino acid permeases (lysine, Escherichia coli; histidine, Saccharomyces cerevisiae; and others), beta-glucoside-specific phosphotransferases (E. coli and Erwinia chrysanthemi) and 6-phospho-beta-glucosidases (E. coli and Erw. chrysanthemi). Based on the features of the determined sequence and the results of the homology search, as well as on genetic data and sequence of the hut genes reported by other groups, it is predicted that the B. subtilis hut operon may consist of the following six genes (6th-1st), the last of which is followed by a typical rho-independent transcription terminator: hutP, hutH, EE57A (hutU) encoding urocanase, EE57B (hutI) encoding imidazolone-5-propionate hydrolase, EE57C (hutG) encoding formiminoglutamate hydrolase and EE57D (tentatively designated as hutM) possibly encoding histidine permease. Interestingly, the direction of transcription of these hut genes is opposite to that of the movement of the replication fork.

ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters↗