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Biomedical subjects

M O Brose

Publications and source records attributed to M O Brose.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

Finite element analysis of six endosseous implants.

Stress magnitudes and contours in bone surrounding six endosteal post-type dental implants were calculated by using the finite element method. Comparisons were made by using Branemark, Core-Vent, Denar, Miter, Stryker, and experimental implant designs. Although certain assumptions were made that could be considered controversial, this study concluded that apical "punching stresses" with all of the implants were probably not clinically significant. Saucerization resulting from biomechanical overloads could be a possibility for three of the implants. Problems related to combinations of overloads and underloads at the same time were suggested for several more popular implants in the United States. Additional research, combining 3-D finite element models and clinical studies, was recommended for all commercially available dental implants.

Dental Implantation, Endosseous↗
PubMed1989

Finite element analysis of bone-adapted and bone-bonded endosseous implants.

The use of bioactive coatings on endosseous implants to induce bone bonding to the implants has become popular in recent years. The actual benefit from these coatings, however, remains controversial. This study compared three endosseous implants by using finite element analysis to determine whether bone-bonding or bone-adaptation (osseo-integration) was biomechanically more beneficial. Results indicated that although a bonded interface between an implant and its host tissues may be biochemically beneficial, bone bonding, by any means, may not be biomechanically beneficial to the implant or the surrounding bone. Neither clinicians nor manufacturers should assume that bioactive coatings or bone-bonding in general improve the biomechanical prognoses of endosteal postdental implants.

Aluminum Oxide↗
PubMed1989

Submerged alumina dental root implants in humans: five-year evaluation.

This article describes the placement, success rate, and evaluation of an experimental alumina (Al2O3) ceramic dental implant at a mean placement time of 5 years. The study compared the longevity of a submerged implant of the same root design and a refined surgical technique with previously reported studies of the implant exposed to the human oral environment during initial healing. A 54% success rate was achieved for 29 implants placed in the maxillae and mandible, all restored with cast gold dental crowns. A significant difference (p = 0.05) appeared between success and failures at 7.8 months following placement. Crown/root ratio slopes were an earlier and more sensitive indicator of potential success or failure than the bone height slopes. Computer analysis revealed no apparent correlation between implant mobility and/or pocket depths and implant longevity. Delayed implant root fractures and a cast post fracture occurred in 20% of the implants that survived.

Aluminum↗
PubMed1989

Alternative materials for three endosseous implants.

Three endosseous post-type implant geometries were evaluated: a serrated solid with a 2-degree taper and a rectangular cross section, a cylindrical screw-type solid, and a finned solid with a 1-degree 9' taper and a circular cross section. Each implant geometry was analyzed with 10 different moduli of elasticity. Stress contour plots were used to identify which implant material was best suited to each implant geometry. Careful examination of all of the contour plots showed that, for all geometries, increasing the material stiffness transmitted more of the occlusal load to the apical bone. These plots further suggested that an implant material can be too stiff as the punching stresses increase at the apex of the implant. Of the three endosseous implants analyzed, only the finned solid type seemed to be made of the proper material, titanium alloy. The screw-type implant, made of sapphire, should be made of aluminum or possibly titanium. The serrated implant, made of polycrystalline alumina, was too stiff. An implant's elastic behavior is not the only governing factor. An implant's geometry seems to be the determining factor in properly distributing stresses from the implant to the bone.

Dental Alloys↗
PubMed1988

A precision alignment frame for endosseous post dental implants.

The advantages of the precision alignment frame are that it (1) accurately positions and aligns the initial pilot drill at implant surgery, (2) has no adverse effects on the diagnostic cast, (3) eliminates the need for an incision or raising a flap when locating a submerged implant root for transmucosal connection, (4) consistently and accurately records the relation of the implant root to the radiograph, (5) permits long-term evaluation of the implant after restoration, (6) has components that are readily obtainable and inexpensive, and (7) is easily made. With a PAF, accurate placement of an implant can be routinely achieved without drill alignment changes. This is especially important when multiple implants are being placed to support a long framework. In most implant sites, the PAF will record the entire image of the implant on the radiograph. However, patients with advanced alveolar bone resorption, flat or narrow vaults in the premaxilla, or high muscle attachments to the mandible may yield only a coronal image of the implant root on the radiograph. In those patients, the PAF is valuable in evaluating early bone healing and remodeling at the permucosal and neck areas.

Dental Abutments↗
PubMed1987

The influence of anterior coupling on mandibular movement.

The need for and use of anterior coupling in occlusal rehabilitation has been discussed. The anterior teeth can often be coupled to the posterior controls by modifying contours with selective grinding, full or partial coverage restorations, or composite. When anterior guidance is provided, the anterior teeth should harmonize with the TMJs so that the posterior teeth will disclude in excursive mandibular movements. Significant functional, esthetic, and phonetic alterations that change the anterior guidance must be carefully planned because the anterior guidance affects all excursive tooth contacts. Anterior coupling, as described, is often an overlooked entity in restorative dentistry. Evidence of its role in separating the posterior teeth, reducing parafunctional activity, and harmonizing the temporomandibular complex has been presented.

Cuspid↗