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Biomedical subjects

M O Abdelatti

Publications and source records attributed to M O Abdelatti.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Gas exchange parameters in radiotherapy patients during breathing of 2%, 3.5% and 5% carbogen gas mixtures.

The gas mixture carbogen may be breathed by patients to enhance the oxygenation level and therefore the radiosensitivity of tumours. However, owing to the high CO2 content, its inhalation is associated with patient intolerance. Our aim was to determine a suitable carbon dioxide and oxygen gas mixture with similar enhancement of arterial oxygenation to 5% carbogen and with improved patient tolerance. 14 patients entered the study; of those 14, 8 were able to tolerate 2%, 3.5% and 5% carbogen mixtures as well as a control gas for sufficient time to allow successful arterial blood gas sampling. Gas exchange parameters were measured using a carbon dioxide monitor and a blood gas analyser. Arterial carbon dioxide tension ranged from 2.9 kPa to 6.82 kPa whilst breathing the carbogen mixtures, and arterial oxygen tension increased at least three-fold from basal values. There were no significant changes in the respiratory rate, heart rate and blood pH. The results suggest that 2% CO2 in O2 enhances arterial oxygen levels to a similar extent as 3.5% and 5% CO2 and that it is well tolerated.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

A cuff pressure controller for tracheal tubes and laryngeal mask airways.

A simple device (U.K. Patent application no. 9907876.8) for fine adjustment of the cuff pressure of tracheal tubes and the laryngeal mask airway is described. In vitro tests confirm its efficiency. It is also a simple tool for training anaesthetic assistants in the operating theatre and nurses in the intensive care unit.

Air↗
PubMed1997

Anaesthetic pollution. Potential sources, their identification and control.

Anaesthetic gases escape into the ambient air mainly from the anaesthetic breathing system but there are many other important sources of anaesthetic pollution. These include the filling of vaporisers, inhalational induction techniques, leaks around the patient's face mask, leaks from monitoring equipment and loose-fitting or perishing equipment. The control of substances hazardous to health (COSHH) regulations together with the recent implementation of the occupational exposure standards (OES) for anaesthetic gases require that any risk to health workers from anaesthetic exposure be assessed, control measures implemented, the environment monitored and OES not exceeded. The installation of costly scavenging equipment is believed to have reduced the levels of pollution in operating theatres, but several independent reports suggest that their use has not been wholly effective. Many sources of pollution remote from scavenging equipment may be responsible for the ineffective control of anaesthetic pollution. During an initial COSHH assessment in our hospital, using an infra-red analyser specifically designed for leak testing and background monitoring, we have identified several controllable sources of pollution. These included leaks from an ill-fitting face mask, loose connections in the anaesthetic breathing system, leaks from the laryngeal mask at the end of the operation and a leak of more than 5400 ppm N2O was found near the unscavenged gas outlet at the back of the multigas monitor. Leak testing, using infra-red analysers with their rapid response, has been recommended as an important aid in the identification of hidden sources of pollution, most of which we believe are amenable to control and remedy.

Air Pollutants, Occupational↗
PubMed1997

A cuff inflator for tracheal tubes.

A simple automatic device to inflate the tracheal tube cuff during emergency tracheal intubation is described. It was tested in 60 patients undergoing elective surgery and found to be a useful and efficient adjunct.

Air Pressure↗