Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to M Novak.
Gonadectomy or sex of the host had no effect on the mean dry weight of Hymenolepis microstoma examined on day 12 postinfection (p.i.). However, on day 20 p.i. worms from intact or sham-operated male mice were significantly heavier than those recovered from the corresponding groups of female hosts. Orchiectomy of hosts lowered the average weight of these older worms, but ovariectomy had no effect.
Flour beetles (Tribolium confusum) parasitized either by Hymenolepis diminuta, H. nana, or H. microstoma were fed continuously on flour mixed either with thiabendazole, cambendazole, or albendazole (drug concentration was always 10%) from day 1 (24 hr) to day 10 postinfection when the experiments were terminated. All drugs markedly inhibited the development of H. diminuta and H. nana. Populations of these species recovered from beetles fed anthelmintics were composed mostly of under-developed forms, many of which still retained the size and appearance of newly hatched oncospheres, whereas all the parasites recovered from the control beetles (fed only flour) reached full development. Parasites inhibited by cambendazole and albendazole recovered and reached full development within 9 days after treatment was terminated. Also, results were obtained which implied that some parasites were able to continue their development at a reduced rate in the presence of the drugs. Hymenolepis microstoma differed from the other species in its response to the drugs. Albendazole and thiabendazole had no effect on its development and it was only slightly inhibited by cambendazole. Larvae recovered from beetles fed the latter drug had all developed beyond the oncosphere stage but 3 to 5% of them repeatedly failed to reach full development. The drugs varied in their effects on the flour beetles. An average of 63% and 33% of those fed thiabendazole and cambendazole, respectively, died before the 10th day of infection. Albendazole, on the other hand, had no effect on beetle survival.
The dermatologist must distinguish between the hostile patient and the contemptuous patient for each must be handled very differently. The hostile patient needs empathy and the contemptuous patient needs direct , stern confrontation in order to sustain the doctor/patient relationship. If the dermatologist allows the contemptuous patient to use his disdain to discredit him, the patient loses, for he can no longer respect his doctor. The paper presented herein offers guidelines for the dermatologist in recognizing and handling both the hostile and contemptuous patient. The dermatologist must be able to recognize these differences in order to handle both types of patients knowledgeably.
Tribolium confusum infected with Hymenolepis diminuta or H. nana were fed continuously on a mixture of mebendazole and flour from day 1 (24 hr) to day 9, 18, 27, or 36 postinfection when they were dissected. In all cases, underdeveloped cysticercoids were recovered from these hosts, whereas all parasites grown simultaneously in beetles fed on flour only had reached full development. However, when infected beetles were fed on the drug-flour mixture for these periods of time and then on flour only for 9 days thereafter, the inhibiting effect of mebendazole was reversed. Parasites retarded by the drug recovered and developed into infective cysticercoids.
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The paper begins by comparing the modern view of ageing, which sees ageing as a social problem, with the ancient Stoic account of ageing, which sees ageing as a spiritual problem. This comparison allows us to see how modern gerontology has redefined ageing and has created a new context for its discussion. Through this comparison we find that gerontology today displays an affinity for scientific research methods and a liberal orientation to public policy and that on these two pillars, it rests its promise for creating a good old age. After analysing and providing a critique of gerontology's commitments, the paper concludes with a discussion of an alternative conception of good ageing and with a recommendation for the genesis of an alternative form of gerontology.
The acetylcarnitine concentration in amniotic fluid fell significantly between 33 and 37 and 40 weeks of gestation. It was significantly higher in samples that had a low lecithin to sphingomyelin ratio. The acetylcarnitine content of tracheal fluid was higher in samples obtained from premature newborns. The major excretory form of carnitine is the acetate ester and only in adults does the urine contain significant amounts of free carnitine. The level of acetylcarnitine in plasma significantly increases after the first day of life; there was no difference in the plasma levels of carnitine between full-term and premature newborns. Plasma-free carnitine and acetylcarnitine levels were significantly lower in infants who were receiving a soybean-based formula. A positive correlation was found between the plasma level of ketone bodies and that of acetylcarnitine.
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It is not difficult for the astute clinician to diagnose a psychocutaneous illness. However, the important question that arises in the mind of a sharp clinician is whether or not to confront the patient with this information, and if consultation and psychiatric treatment is warranted before the interpretation is made. Therefore, the dermatologist treating psychocutaneous illness must treat the patient as whole and must realize that certain interpretations, although obvious, must not be made to the patient when there is a great amount of psychic overlay.
Mebendazole or Telmin (which contains 16.7% mebendazole) markedly retarded the development of Hymenolepis diminuta and H. nana when their intermediate hosts Tribolium confusum were fed on flour mixed with it from day 1 to day 10 p.i. Though retardation also occurred with H. microstoma, the effect of the drug on this parasite was noticeably less pronounced than with the other 2 species of this genus.
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Mice kept a low (5 +/- 1 degrees C) and high (35 +/- 1 degrees C) temperature harboured significantly less Taenia crassiceps cysticerci than controls kept at 21 +/- 1 degrees C. This effect was more pronounced in heat-stressed than in cold-stressed animals and more in males than in females.
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Explore the source record for details and available documents.