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Biomedical subjects

M Noppen

Publications and source records attributed to M Noppen.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Bronchodilating effect of intravenous magnesium sulfate in acute severe bronchial asthma.

We investigated the bronchodilating effect of intravenous MgSO4 in acute severe bronchial asthma. Infusion of MgSO4 caused a significant improvement in FEV1 (0.94 +/- 0.39L to 1.3 +/- 0.44 L) and an improvement in clinical signs and symptoms in ten out of 12 administrations. The bronchodilating effect of MgSO4, however, was significantly less than that of subsequent albuterol inhalation (FEV1 improvement from 1.13 +/- 0.41 L to 1.72 +/- 0.49 L). These findings confirm that intravenous MgSO4 may be used as an adjunct to classic beta 2-agonist therapy in cases of severe acute asthma; its exact place in the treatment of asthma remains to be determined in large-scale studies.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1990

Atypical ossification in bronchial carcinoid.

A patient is described with bronchial carcinoid and ossification in the surrounding bronchial wall. The osseous metaplasia was the only histologic abnormality discovered in bronchial biopsy specimens taken pre-operatively. We propose that underlying bronchial carcinoid tumour should be considered in isolated bronchial or bronchopulmonary ossification.

Bronchial Neoplasms↗
PubMed1986

Posterior mediastinal sarcoidosis.

We report two cases of enlargement of the posterior mediastinal lymph nodes due to sarcoidosis. Bilateral hilar enlargement, pulmonary parenchymal involvement, or extrathoracic manifestations of sarcoidosis were absent. A diagnostic thoracotomy had to be performed in both instances.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical usefulness and safety of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) in elderly patients.

Little is known about the indications, safety and clinical usefulness of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) in elderly patients. In order to address these issues, we reviewed our last 200 consecutive BAL procedures, of which 23 (11.5%) were performed in patients older than 75 years (range 75-90, mean age 80.7 years, 13 men and 10 women). All procedures were well tolerated and no complications were observed. In 17 of the 23 patients (74%), BAL results were compatible with or diagnostic for infectious pneumonia (6 cases), idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (5 cases), lung cancer (2 cases), hypereosinophilic syndrome (2 cases), chronic eosinophilic pneumonia (1 case) and lymphoma (1 case). In 6 of the 23 patients (26%), BAL yielded no specific diagnostic information. These data indicate that BAL is a safe procedure with a high diagnostic yield in an elderly population with pulmonary disease of unknown origin.

Journal Article↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Localised obliterative bronchitis due to non-occupational mineral dust inhalation.

We present a 56-year-old woman with an infiltrate in the right middle lobe secondary to obstruction of the right middle lobe bronchus by extensive submucosal fibrosis. This unique stenotic lesion of a central bronchus was caused by a domestically acquired localised central obstructive bronchitis due to the inhalation of mixed dust fibers, in the absence of advanced silicosis. This complication is a rare presentation of the myriad of pulmonary diseases associated with mineral dust inhalation.

Air Pollution, Indoor↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Does 'idiopathic pleuritis' exist? Natural history of non-specific pleuritis diagnosed after thoracoscopy.

BACKGROUND: Even after a complete work-up including thoracoscopic biopsies, a significant number of patients with pleural exudates are diagnosed with 'non-specific pleuritis', and no specific diagnosis can be made. The natural evolution of these patients is poorly understood. OBJECTIVES: To study the natural evolution of patients with non-specific pleuritis diagnosed after thoracoscopy and to evaluate whether the histological diagnosis of non-specific pleuritis corresponds with the clinical diagnosis of 'idiopathic pleuritis'. METHODS: We retrospectively studied the evolution of 75 patients between 1992 and 2002 (49 men and 26 women), mean (+/- SD) age 63.4 (+/- 13.3) years, who underwent diagnostic thoracoscopy because of an unexplained exudative pleural effusion, and in whom the histological diagnosis of non-specific pleuritis was made. Follow-up data were obtained through medical files and/or telephone contacts with general practitioners. RESULTS: Of these 75 patients, 8.3% eventually developed a malignancy during the follow-up period. In the remaining patients (91.7%), the clinical evolution followed a benign course. Ultimately, a probable cause was established on clinical grounds in 40 patients. True idiopathic pleuritis was finally observed in 25% of patients with the histological diagnosis of non-specific pleuritis. Recurrence of the effusion occurred in 10 out of 60 (16.7%) patients, after a mean period of 26.2 months. CONCLUSIONS: The majority of non-specific pleuritis patients (91.7%) followed a benign course, with a spontaneous resolution of the effusion in 81.8% of cases. In the majority of patients, a probable cause of the pleuritis was identified. True 'idiopathic benign pleuritis' hence occurs in only a minority (25%) of patients.

Biopsy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Bronchoscopic cryotherapy: preliminary experience.

Our preliminary experience with the bronchoscopic application of cryotherapy using rapid decompression of liquid nitrous oxide as cooling agent is reported. Seventeen applications through rigid bronchoscopy in twelve patients were performed. A single cryotherapy session was successful in the debulking of obstructive malignant lesions of the central airways in five patients (four non-small cell carcinoma, one renal cell cancer metastasis), and in the treatment of a capillary haemangioma (one patient). Two sessions were successful in the treatment of a metastatic melanoma (one patient) and benign granulation tissue (one patient). Cryotherapy was also successful in the treatment of early bronchial cancer (carcinoma in situ) in four patients, requiring repetitive sessions in two. There were no complications or side-effects. These preliminary findings confirm the safety and efficacy of bronchoscopic cryotherapy in a variety of airway lesions.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Intratumoral gene therapy for non-small cell lung cancer: current status and future directions.

Major advances in the field of molecular genetics and cancer biology have allowed for the development of rationally designed anti-cancer strategies. When genetic material (DNA or RNA) is used for this purpose, this approach is called gene therapy. Cancer cells are remarkably sensitive to the inhibition of activated oncogenes or replacement of lost tumor suppressor gene (TSG) function. Replacement of lost TSG p53 function has been achieved by the use of recombinant adenoviral vectors (rAdp53) that carry an expression cassette for this gene. Non-small cell lung cancer has been the subject of early clinical trials in which intratumoral injection of rAdp53 has been performed by transthoracic CT-guided injection or bronchoscopy. Gene transfer and p53 transgene expression have been documented in injected tumors as well as the safety and feasibility of this type of gene therapy. Tumor regression has been reported in rAdp53-injected lesions, either alone or in combination with systemic chemotherapy. Randomized controlled studies as well as clear demonstrations of clinical benefit are missing at present. The results of ongoing studies will allow a verdict on the future of first generation rAdp53 gene therapy. For the whole of the field of gene therapy the advent of more efficient and safe gene transfer technology will determine the speed by which this innovative therapeutic modality will meet with clinical success.

Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung↗