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Biomedical subjects

M Nonaka

Publications and source records attributed to M Nonaka.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

A new method of hernioplasty for adult groin hernias centering on repair of the transversalis fascia.

A new method of hernioplasty for adult groin hernias centering on repair of the transversalis fascia was assessed by a questionnaire conducted every five years on adult patients who had received the above operation. The efficacy of this method was evaluated in terms of the postoperative quality of life and prevention of recurrence of groin hernias. Over the last 9 years, 834 adult patients with 921 groin hernias, including bilateral lesions, have undergone the above procedure and overall, favorable results were obtained, with only one case of recurrence (0.1 per cent) being reported. Contralateral herniation, which has been often reported following Bassini's or Hatakoshi's method, was found in only one of our patients although the number of patients who complained of pain in the operated region was comparatively high, being 51 cases or 11.4 per cent.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Microbial sensor system for nondestructive evaluation of fish meat quality.

A microbial sensor system consisting of the bacterium (Alteromonas putrefaciens) immobilized within membranes, a flow cell, an oxygen electrode, peristaltic pumps, a buffer tank, a thermostatically controlled bath and a recorder, was constructed for the nondestructive quality evaluation of bluefin tuna. The chemical compounds on fish meat surfaces which are the indicators of fish meat quality were rapidly determined by using the proposed sensor system. Fish meat quality was determined from the rate of current decrease of the sensor. Good correlations were obtained between fish meat quality and sensor response. One assay could be completed within one minute.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Human rib bone marrow mononuclear cells spontaneously synthesize and secrete IgE in vitro.

We have examined spontaneous secretion of IgE by human rib bone marrow mononuclear cells (MNC). Bone marrow MNC from nine out of 12 rib specimens synthesized and secreted substantial amounts of IgE during 14 days of in vitro culture. The 14-day supernatants from these bone marrow MNC contained a mean of 2589 pg/ml of IgE (n = 12) with a maximum production of 15,408 pg/ml of IgE compared with small amounts of IgE (80-200 pg/ml) produced by similarly cultured normal and inflammatory bowel disease intestinal lamina propria MNC. Using two rib specimens, time-course studies revealed spontaneous secretion of IgE to be minimal during the first 2 days of culture (152 pg/ml), followed by a steady increase between days 4 (517 pg/ml) and 14 (3588 pg/ml). The addition of pokeweed mitogen resulted in 72% suppression of spontaneous IgE production by bone marrow MNC. The bone marrow MNC isolated from the ribs consisted of 22% Leu12+ (B) cells of which 3.2% were surface IgE positive. Staining for cytoplasmic immunoglobulin revealed 1% of the bone marrow MNC to be cytoplasmic IgE+. The presence of IgE-bearing and IgE-secreting MNC in human bone marrow is consistent with the observation that allergen-specific IgE-mediated hypersensitivity is adoptively transferred by human bone marrow transplantation and demonstrates the usefulness of human bone marrow MNC for examination of IgE secretory and regulatory events.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Effect of inner ear immune response on vestibular function in guinea pigs].

We examined vestibular dysfunction and histological damage caused by direct antigen challenge to the endolymphatic sac in guinea pigs. We observed spontaneous nystagmus every eight hours and performed caloric testing every week following endolymphatic sac secondary KLH challenge. Spontaneous nystagmus was seen in 12 of 18 animals, and nystagmus in all directed toward the unchallenged ear (paralytic). The caloric response time courses were classified into two types, which were irreversible type and reversible type after endolymphatic sac KLH challenge. The immune injury of animals with irreversible type was thought to be stronger than that of these with reversible type. The spontaneous nystagmus of irreversible type animals was longer than that of reversible type animals. The temporary vestibular dysfunction was thought to be similar to that observed in Meniere's disease.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Development of acute endolymphatic hydrops following secondary endolymphatic sac immune response. I: Short-term observation].

The development of endolymphatic hydrops (e. hydrops) following secondary e. sac immune response was investigated in Hartley guinea pigs, for a period of 5 weeks. E. hydrops immediately developed to a maximum from day 2 to day 7 and then gradually reduced in the next 4 weeks. In the e. sac, numerous inflammatory cellular infiltrates, mainly polymorphonuclear cells and macrophages, were seen from day 1 to day 2. Lymphocytes and plasma cells appeared from day 3 and increased to a maximum by day 7 and then gradually decreased in the next 4 weeks. Neither primary e. sac KLH challenge nor e. sac PBS inoculation could derive e. hydrops. Development of e. hydrops was considerably parallel to the grade of immune reaction within the e. sac, suggesting that immuno-pathological reaction of the e. sac has an important effect on regulation of the endolymph volume.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1991

[A case report of cavernostomy for lung aspergilloma].

A 65-year-old male patient with right upper lobe aspergilloma treated surgically due to continuation of hemoptysis was reported. Cavernostomy was indicated in this patient, since he had a low respiratory function. After cavernostomy, cavitry infection with MRSA occurred and additional operation was necessary. We should gave great care to intra-cavitary infection. Loss of lung function after the operation seemed to be minimal.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Intra-pulmonary suture abscess with hemoptysis after partial resection--concerning to the pathogenesis of the suture abscess].

A 53-year-old male with a intra-pulmonary suture abscess was admitted with recurrent hemoptysis. Five year before this admission, he had undergone a partial resection of the left upper lobe for pneumothorax using unabsorbable sutures (braided polyester). Chest CT showed tumor shadow in the left S1(+2) a on admission. Because of recurrent hemoptysis, left upper lobectomy was performed. Hemoptysis was due to the presence of a suture abscess. Pathological and clinical analysis of the intra-pulmonary suture abscess showed that it was caused not only by foreign body reaction but also transbronchial infection.

Hemoptysis↗
PubMed1991

[A surgically treated case with lung cancer on maintenance hemodialysis].

Maintenance hemodialysis for chronic renal failure has spread all over the country, and the number of patients in whom surgical indications are considered to concomitant diseases has been increasing. A 76-year-old male was admitted due to lung cancer on maintenance hemodialysis. The chest roentgenogram showed a 2.5 cm sized coin lesion in the right middle lung field. Preoperative examinations, chest tomography, chest CT-scanning, bone scintigraphy, bronchofiberscopic biopsy, etc. led to a diagnosis of primary lung cancer (squamous cell carcinoma). Hemodialysis with prescribing nafamostat mesilate (40 mg/hour) was performed the day before the operation and on the first, fourth and sixth postoperative days. There was no postoperative bleeding. The patient has been well for 27 months postoperatively.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[A case of mediastinal mature teratoma with elevated of CA 19-9 in tumor fluid].

A 20-year-old female was diagnosed as mediastinal tumor and admitted to our hospital for the operation. Among the preoperative examinations, the serum level of CA 19-9 was within normal limits. The fluid inside the cystic tumor which was removed during the operation showed high levels of CA 19-9. We discussed the relationship between CA 19-9 and cystic lesions. Histopathological study revealed that CA 19-9 was produced in only epithelial cell of the cystic lesion. And we speculated that examination of serum CA 19-9 helps the diagnosis of cystic lesions.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Murine complement C2 and factor B genomic and cDNA cloning reveals different mechanisms for multiple transcripts of C2 and B.

Murine genomic and cDNA clones were isolated to ascertain the mechanisms accounting for previously recognized multiple forms of complement C2 and factor B mRNA and to analyze structural similarities with the corresponding human gene products (C2, 74% and B, 85%, amino acid identity). Like the human Bf gene, murine Bf and C2 each consist of 18 exons with similar intron-exon organizations. The murine C2 gene (20 kilobases) is more than three times the size of Bf (6 kilobases) due to the presence of large intronic segments separating the exons encoding the NH2-terminal binding and central (von Willebrand factor) domains. Evidence from cDNA clones shows that the two C2 transcripts are generated by an alternative splice at the donor site of exon 14 producing long and short C2 mRNA species that differ by 21 base pairs encoding a region within the binding pocket (amino acids 636-642 (GSTCKDH)) of the serine proteinase domain. Tissue-specific multiple factor B transcripts are generated by alternative transcriptional initiation. From the structure of these transcripts the predicted regulation of expression and rates of translation of B programmed by the short and long mRNA species may differ, but the polypeptides are identical. These data indicate that different molecular mechanisms account for the multiple forms of C2 and factor B mRNA and that the structure of the different transcripts predicts differences in function and expression of the respective gene products.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1990

Demonstration of an unusual allelic variation of mouse factor H by the complete cDNA sequence of the H.2 allotype.

Three allotypes of murine factor H have been identified serologically in the previous study (denoted H.1, H.2, and H.3). A cDNA clone coding for the entire length of murine factor H was isolated from a library constructed from the livers of STR/N mice which have H.2 allotype and was fully sequenced. The insert of this clone (STR309) contained 4184 nucleotides and consisted of a 47-bp 5' noncoding region, a 54-bp coding for leader peptide, a 3648 bp for the mature factor H protein, and a 435-bp 3' noncoding region. Compared with the previously reported sequence of the cDNA clone (MH8) isolated from B10.WR mice that have H.1 allotype, the size of the protein coding region was exactly the same, but 21 nucleotide substitutions resulting in 15 amino acid replacements were observed. The amino acid replacement/nucleotide substitution ratio (0.71) is far higher than those observed in the allotypic variations of other proteins. Four 15-base oligonucleotide probes specific for either STR309 or MH8 were synthesized and used in Northern blot analysis. The probes specific for STR309 hybridized with mRNA isolated from the livers of STR/N mice but not with mRNA from the livers of BALB/c mice that have H.1 allotype, whereas the reverse pattern was observed with the oligonucleotide probes specific for MH8. These results strongly suggest that the nucleotide sequence of STR309 represents H.2 allotype of factor H protein, providing an example of an unusual allotype with high ratio of amino acid replacements to nucleotide substitutions.

Alleles↗
PubMed1990

Three extra copies of a C4-related gene in H-2w7 mice are C4/Slp hybrid genes generated by multiple recombinational events.

Mice bearing the H-2w7 haplotype have five C4-related genes and constitutively express the Slp antigen. To understand the structure and evolution of the five C4-related genes of the C3H.W7 mouse, we have determined nucleotide sequences of the 5' end region of these genes. A C4/Slp hybrid nature was confirmed for three of five C4-related genes as predicted previously by restriction enzyme analysis. The nucleotide sequences of the 5' flanking regions of these three hybrid genes showed close similarity to that of the C4 gene, while the 3' side of the ninth exon of the three hybrid genes showed close similarity to that of the Slp gene. In contrast, the regions between the first exon and the middle of the ninth exon of the three hybrid genes showed a mosaic structure of C4-like and Slp-like sequences. Moreover, the boundaries of the C4-like and Slp-like sequences were quite different among the three hybrid genes. The pattern of nucleotide sequence diversity in this region among the five C4-related sequences could be mainly explained not by point mutations but by gene conversions or unequal crossovers. These results suggest that multiple genetic recombinational events between two homologous sequences played an important role in the generation and diversification of the extra copies of the C4/Slp gene in the H-2w7 mouse.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Post-transcriptional regulation of complement C4 in low C4-producing strain of mouse.

The expression of the fourth component of complement (C4) of the mouse can differ 20-fold and is determined by C4-high (C4h) or C4-low (C4l) alleles. To investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the differences in C4 expression, we compared the transcriptional activity of the C4 genes between high and low C4-producer strains of mice (B10 and FM vs B10.BR) using nuclear transcriptional and chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) assays. We also compared the level of C4-specific RNA in total and nuclear RNA of the liver. The results revealed no significant difference in transcriptional activity between C4h and C4l genes. However, the steady-state levels of C4 mRNA are ten times lower in C4l strains than in C4h strains, suggesting that the major regulation of C4 plasma levels occurs at the post-transcriptional level.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Energetic recovery from hypothermic preservation in the rat liver.

Changes in energy metabolism induced by norepinephrine were observed in liver perfused immediately after dissection and in liver stored in Euro-Collins solution at 0 degrees C for 24 hr. Oxygen consumption, glucose output, ATP content, and tissue pH were measured in isolated perfused rat liver at 37 degrees C. In fresh liver, a two-fold increase in glucose output and oxygen consumption was induced by norepinephrine (1 microM), while changes in ATP content and tissue pH were minimal. In stored liver, the cumulative increments in glucose output and oxygen consumption induced by norepinephrine were 30 and 27% those of fresh liver, respectively. ATP content of the unstimulated liver was 76% that of the fresh liver, then decreased to 50% during stimulation. A transient decrease in tissue pH (0.14 pH unit) was significant compared with that of fresh liver. These results suggest that norepinephrine stimulation is useful for assessing energetic and functional recovery of reperfused liver following hypothermic storage.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1990

Interleukin-1-mediated enhancement of mouse factor B gene expression via NF kappa B-like hepatoma nuclear factor.

Complement factor B, a serine protease playing a pivotal role in alternative pathway activation, is an acute-phase plasma protein. Previous studies have revealed that interleukin-1 (IL-1) mediates, at least in part, the acute-phase induction of factor B expression and that the IL-1-responsive element resides in the region between -553 and -478 relative to the transcription initiation site of the mouse factor B gene. In this paper, we demonstrate a specific binding site for a nuclear factor of human hepatoma HepG2 cells in this region of the factor B gene, using gel shift and methylation interference analysis. The nucleotide sequence of the binding site is closely similar to the NF kappa B or H2TF1 binding motif. The binding activity of HepG2 showed very similar specificity to that of NF kappa B or H2TF1, as shown by a competition binding assay, and was induced by IL-1 alpha treatment. A synthetic oligonucleotide corresponding to this binding site, as well as a similar sequence found in another class III complement C4 gene, conferred IL-1 responsiveness on the minimal factor B promoter. In contrast, a mutated oligonucleotide that could not bind to the HepG2 nuclear factor did not confer IL-1 responsiveness. These results suggest that IL-1 induces factor B expression via NF kappa B or a closely related factor in hepatocyte nuclei.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Effect of inner ear immune response on the caloric nystagmus in guinea pigs].

The effect of direct antigen (KLH) challenge of endolymphatic sac (e. sac) on caloric response was investigated in guinea pigs. The caloric response was not significantly suppressed both in the primary KLH challenged ears and in the PBS challenged ears as compared to the unchallenged contralateral ears. In the animal of secondary KLH challenge of the e. sac, the caloric response was significantly reduced in the challenged ears as compared to the unchallenged contralateral ears and to the PBS challenged ears. These result suggested that local immune reaction mounted in the e. sac caused immune injury not only to the e. sac but also to the vestibular function.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Biosynthesis and significance of acute phase proteins].

Acute phase proteins (APP) increase by the chemical receptors of macrophage via stimulations of either Fc or complement or other chemical receptors. No differences of APP pattern were observed by the different stimulants, because the effects of stimulation are changed by many processing steps in the macrophage as well as in the liver cell thereafter. Whether the APP increase results in good prognosis for original sickness or not are examined by multiple regression analysis in 38 cases of maxillary and 51 cases of laryngeal cancer with the observation for over five years. Alpha 1X contributes positively with length of their life, whereas alpha 1AG and ceruloplasmin contribute negatively. We could say that not all components of APP increase are advantageous for the diseases.

Acute-Phase Proteins↗