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Biomedical subjects

M Noguchi

Publications and source records attributed to M Noguchi.

At least 577 records · Page 32Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Two cases of myasthenia gravis associated with transient amenorrhea].

Two cases of acquired autoimmune myasthenia gravis (MG) presenting transient amenorrhea were reported. Case 1, 28 years old, developed blepharoptosis and generalized fatigability at the age of 20 years. She had been treated only by anti-cholinesterase. Amenorrhea appeared at the age of 26 years. Then, physical examinations showed normal secondary sexual development and moderate myasthenic features. On laboratory examinations, SLE findings such as leucopenia (1,600/mm3), biologically false positivity in the serological tests for syphilis, negative Mantoux reaction, positive anti-nuclear and -DNA antibodies, were noted. Anti-AChR antibody was highly positive (max.: 353 nmol/l). Decreased E2 (13-15 pg/ml) and progesterone (0.21-0.29 ng/ml) values in serum, elevated LH (110-160 mIU/ml) and FSH (78-90 mIU/ml) and highly reactive LH-RH loading test were consistent with the hypergonadotropic hypogonadism. Thymus pathology of thymectomy which was done during amenorrhea, showed hyperplasia. Bilateral ovarian biopsy revealed a number of arrested primordial follicles, but neither inflammatory changes nor fibrosis. Immune complexes were not localized in the ovarian biopsy. The Kaufmann's therapy aggravated myasthenic symptoms. Menstruation recurred after 13 months of thymectomy. Amenorrhea continued for 18 months. Case 2, 37 years old, has had anti-epileptic regimens since the age of 4 years. She has been highly myasthenic for 15 years and treated by thymectomy, steroid hormone, plasmapheresis and some other therapies for 10 years. Amenorrhea occurred at the age of 34 years. Sexual development was normal. Myasthenia was very severe. On laboratory examinations, anti-AChR antibody was positive (max.: 941 nmol/l). Transient elevation of serum LH (37 mIU/l) and FSH (14 mIU/l) values was observed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Establishment and characterization of a new human cell-line (AMOC-2) derived from a serous adenocarcinoma of ovary.

A new cell line, designated as AMOC-2, was established from a mouse graft of human ovarian serous adenocarcinoma, and has grown well without interruption for over 12 months. The cultured cells of the AMOC-2 line were spindle or polygonal in shape and showed a monolayer growth with a pavement-like arrangement and a slight tendency to pile up, thus lacking contact inhibition. This cell line has a doubling time of 17.4h, a saturation density of 9.17 X 10(4) cells/cm2, a plating efficiency of 36.2% and a mitotic coefficient of 6.2%. The chromosomal number of this cell line is distributed in the diploid range and three of the specific marker chromosomes were identified in the cells with 49 chromosomes. This cell line was able to be transplanted into the subcutis of nude mice and produced a poorly differentiated serous adenocarcinoma resembling the original tumor. These cells have maintained their tumorigenic capacity despite prolonged maintenance in culture and are now in the 60th passage.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

myc family gene abnormality in lung cancers and its relation to xenotransplantability.

In order to study the relationship between tumor transplantability to the nude mouse and abnormality of the myc family genes (c-myc, N-myc, L-myc) in human primary lung cancers, 32 various lung cancers were analyzed for abnormality of the myc family genes by Southern blot hybridization, and were transplanted s.c. into nude mice. Southern blot analysis showed that four non-small cell carcinomas and three small cell carcinomas had amplified c-myc and L-myc genes, respectively. Allelic deletion of the L-myc gene was observed in seven cancers, of which two also had an additional band of the c-myc gene or amplification of the L-myc gene. No abnormality of the N-myc gene was observed in this series. Of 13 cancers with abnormality of the myc family genes, 11, including all tumors with myc gene amplification, were transplantable to nude mice. Of 19 tumors without any abnormalities of the myc family genes, however, only five were transplantable to nude mice (P less than 0.005). These results indicate that abnormality of the myc family genes, especially gene amplification, might promote tumorigenic ability in xenotransplantation of lung cancers and this phenomenon might be closely related to the function of the myc gene.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

A comparison of the resonance Raman properties of the fast and slow forms of cytochrome oxidase.

Resonance Raman (RR) spectra of the "rapid" and "slow" forms (Baker et al., 1987) of resting cytochrome oxidase obtained with Soret excitation at 413.1 nm are reported. There are a number of conspicuous differences between the two forms in the high-frequency region of the RR spectrum which involve changes in Raman intensity arising from a blue shift in the Soret maximum of cytochrome a3 upon conversion to the slow form. In the low-frequency region a peak present at 223 cm-1 in the rapid form shifts to 220 cm-1 in the slow form; this peak is assigned as the cytochrome a3 Fe(III)-N(His-Im) stretch. The slow form of the enzyme possesses greater intensity in RR peaks near 1620 cm-1 which have been previously attributed by others to partial photoreduction of the enzyme. We have quantitated the amount of laser-induced photoreduction in these RR spectra by comparison with the spectra of mixed-valence derivatives of the enzyme and find that these 1620-cm-1 features are unreliable indicators of photoreduction. The spectra of the fast- and slow-reacting species in H2O and D2O have been compared. The fast-reacting form exhibits a 4-cm-1 shift, from 223 to 219 cm-1, upon transferring to D2O in a peak which we assign as the cytochrome a3 Fe(III)-N(His-Im) stretch. There is a parallel shift in the feature at 1651 cm-1 due to the C = O stretch of the formyl group of cytochrome a. These deuterium shifts are not observed in the slow form.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Adenine nucleotide metabolism of blood platelets in human liver cirrhosis.

The adenylate energy charge of human platelets was measured in normal subjects and cirrhotic patients using a method by labelling the adenine nucleotide pool of platelets with radioactive adenine. Using the above method, it was demonstrated that a reliable value for the adenylate energy charge can be obtained from platelet rich plasma containing more than 10(4) platelets per microliter after 30 minutes incubation. A significant difference was found in the distribution of adenine nucleotide metabolites between normal subjects and cirrhotic patients. However, no significant difference was found in the adenylate energy charge between two groups. These results indicate that energy metabolism of platelets is impaired to some extent in liver cirrhosis.

Adenine Nucleotides↗
PubMed1988

Selective terminal alpha 2-3 and alpha 2-6 sialylation of glycosphingolipids with lacto-series type 1 and 2 chains in human meconium.

Human meconium was found to contain two kinds of gangliosides with the same carbohydrate sequence belonging to the lacto-series. They were detected by TLC-immunostaining with monoclonal antibodies directed to the NeuAc alpha 2-6Gal and Lc4Cer structures. One of these two gangliosides, a major one, which migrated on TLC to a position below that of standard IV3NeuAcnLc4Cer from human erythrocytes, reacted with the antibody to NeuAc alpha 2-6Gal. The other minor one, which migrated on TLC to a position corresponding to standard IV3NeuAcnLc4Cer, was detected with the antibody to Lc4Cer only when the plate, on which the individual gangliosides were separated, was subjected to prior treatment with Vibrio cholerae sialidase. The structures of the gangliosides, each identified by means of permethylation anaylsis with Vibrio cholerae sialidase. The structures of the gangliosides, each identified by means of permethylation anaylsis and enzyme treatment after isolation with antibody monitoring, were shown to be IV6NeuAcnLc4Cer for the former and IV3NeuAcLc4Cer for the latter, indicating that the lacto-series type 2 (nLc4Cer) and 1 (Lc4Cer) chains are sialylated at different linkages, alpha 2-6 and alpha 2-3, respectively. IV6NeuAcLc4Cer and IV3NeuAcnLc4Cer were not detected, even in trace amounts, on TLC-immunostaining with the monoclonal antibodies. The concentrations of IV6NeuAcnLc4Cer and IV3NeuAcLc4Cer were 448 and 18 nmol/g dry wt of human meconium.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1988

Solitary mast cell tumor of the lung.

An extremely rare solitary mast cell tumor of the lung was studied histologically, immunohistochemically, and ultrastructurally. The histologic features of the tumor included nodular growth of well-differentiated mast cells and clear cells with no granules. The current case is the third case of a solitary mast cell tumor (granuloma) of the lung in the literature. Clinicopathologic features of this tumor are compared with the other two cases reported previously in the international literature, and the nature of the clear cells is discussed.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1988

Immunohistochemical demonstration of ras p21 oncogene product in normal, benign, and malignant human thyroid tissues.

The p21 protein product of the cellular oncogene ras, designated ras p21, has been detected immunohistochemically in normal, benign and malignant human thyroid tissues. With the monoclonal antibody RAP-5 generated against a synthetic peptide corresponding to amino acid positions 10 to 17 of the ras p21 protein and an avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex (ABC), the expression of the ras p21 was evaluated in paraffin-embedded sections. Western blot analysis using fresh thyroid carcinoma tissue revealed double protein bands, one band was at molecular weight 21,000 and the other was a more rapidly migrating band at the molecular weight 17,500. Immunohistochemically, papillary adenocarcinomas of the thyroid showed moderate to intense stainings for ras p21 in most cases. Cytoplasmic and apical surface stainings were the most common patterns of immunoreactivity. Adenomas showed variable ras p21 positivity in cytoplasm and apical surface stainings of adenomas were negative to borderline in most cases. The cytoplasm of tissues of Hashimoto's thyroiditis, Graves' disease, and normal thyroid tissues was uniformly ras p21 positive, but the apical cell surface was nonreactive for ras p21 in all tissues. Judging from the findings obtained on this large series of normal, benign, and malignant thyroid tissues, the elevation of ras p21 may be a common event in thyroid neoplasm, and especially elevated ras expression in the apical cell surface may be characteristic to papillary carcinomas of the thyroid. This suggests that apical surface expression of ras p21 may be important in the development of thyroid carcinomas and be useful in differentiation of papillary adenocarcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Effect of AA861, a 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor, on amylase secretion from rat pancreatic acini.

We have examined the effects of 2,3,5-trimethyl-6-(12-hydroxy-5,10-dodecadiynyl)-1,4-benzoquinone (AA861), a selective inhibitor of 5-lipoxygenase, on the action of cholecystokinin (CCK) and other secretagogues in the stimulation of amylase secretion from dispersed rat pancreatic acini. AA861 inhibited amylase secretion caused by CCK, carbamylcholine (carbachol), bombesin or calcium ionophore A23187 but failed to affect amylase secretion by vasoactive intestinal peptide or 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol 13-acetate. Inhibition by AA861 of CCK or carbachol-induced amylase secretion was confined to the relatively lower concentrations of these secretagogues. AA861 did not inhibit receptor binding of CCK or alter the cellular calcium mobilization induced by CCK. In kinetic studies, AA861 was effective only on amylase secretion from pancreatic acini incubated with CCK for more than 5 min. Indomethacin, a known inhibitor of cyclooxygenase, did not affect the amylase secretion caused by all secretagogues used. These results indicate that the 5-lipoxygenase pathway of arachidonate metabolism may be involved in the actions of calcium-dependent secretagogues of amylase secretion in rat dispersed pancreatic acini, especially for sustaining stimulation of amylase secretion by CCK.

Amylases↗
PubMed1988

Response of the cubital vein to occlusion and calcification of the abdominal aorta in patients with chronic renal failure on maintenance hemodialysis.

Dysfunction of vascular endothelial cells and accelerated calcification of the abdominal aorta were found in patients on maintenance hemodialysis. Indicators of vascular wall function, expressed as the amount of plasminogen activator and von Willebrand factor released during venous occlusion, suggested that the cubital venous wall in patients has normo- or hyper-responsiveness to occlusion. Calcification of the abdominal aorta on CT scan image was observed in most of patients including those of the ages of twenties years. The mean aortic calcification index (ACI), as an indicator of organic changes in vascular wall, was significantly higher in dialysis patients than in the nondialysis subjects. However, the mean values of indicators for vascular wall function decreased and ACI increased, as the period of treatment with hemodialysis became longer. A significant negative correlation was found between the mean ACI and most indicators of vascular wall function. The function of cubital vein was suggested to decrease in association with the progress in mural calcification of the abdominal aorta. We conclude that the alteration of the coagulation-fibrinolysis system induced by repeated hemodialysis may result from and continue to exacerbate endothelial damage, the consequence of which may be atherosclerosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Combination assay of CA125, TPA, IAP, CEA, and ferritin in serum for ovarian cancer.

The levels of CA125, TPA, IAP, CEA, and ferritin in the serum were measured simultaneously in 68 healthy nonpregnant females and 133 patients with various gynecological diseases, and were subjected to statistical discriminant analysis for the diagnosis of ovarian cancer. The usefulness and the limits for diagnosis of various gynecological diseases were investigated for each tumor marker. Also, the diagnostic usefulness of the stepwise discriminant analysis employing the values of these five tumor markers in the serum in cases of ovarian cancer was compared with that of CA125 measurements alone. Because the frequency of cases with an elevated serum CA125 level increased more specifically in the ovarian cancer group than those of other tumor makers in the serum, this parameter was considered to be more useful for the diagnosis of ovarian cancer than the levels of the other tumor markers. The frequencies of cases with the elevated serum CA125 levels, however, also increased in the groups of patients with endometriosis and at an early stage of normal pregnancy more than in the group of healthy nonpregnant females. In the ovarian cancer patients, the discriminant analysis employing the values of CA125 and four other tumor markers in sera was more useful for early diagnosis, differential diagnosis, early detection of recurrences, and the determination of complete remission after therapy than the measurement of the serum CA125 level alone.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1988

Changes in concentrations of respiratory components and cytochrome oxidase activity in mitochondria obtained from carbon tetrachloride-induced cirrhotic rat liver.

1. Changes in the concentrations of respiratory components, phosphorylative activity, the cytochrome oxidase activity of mitochondria and the hepatic adenylate energy charge level (in situ) were studied in cirrhotic rat liver induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). 2. In the cirrhotic liver mitochondria, concentrations of cytochrome a(+a3), cytochrome b, coenzyme Q9 and coenzyme Q10 increased significantly to 2.44 +/- 0.02 x 10(-10) (mean +/- SE), 1.37 +/- 0.05 x 10(-10), 25.57 +/- 0.47 x 10(-10) and 5.39 +/- 0.26 x 10(-10) mol/mg of mitochondrial protein, respectively, compared with 1.83 +/- 0.03 x 10(-10), 1.22 +/- 0.02 x 10(-10), 16.24 +/- 0.39 x 10(-10) and 1.81 +/- 0.07 x 10(-10) in normal rats [P less than 0.001 for cytochrome a(+a3), coenzyme Q9 and coenzyme Q10, and P less than 0.01 for cytochrome b]. 3. Concentrations of flavoprotein and pyridine nucleotides decreased significantly to 13.33 +/- 0.14 x 10(-10) and 45.68 +/- 1.59 x 10(-10) mol/mg of mitochondrial protein, respectively, compared with 14.79 +/- 0.33 x 10(-10) and 86.26 +/- 1.83 x 10(-10) in normal rats (P less than 0.001). There was no significant difference in the concentration of cytochrome c(+c1). 4. Cytochrome oxidase activity per unit of cytochrome a(+a3) increased significantly to 67.43 +/- 1.71 atoms O s-1 mol-1, compared with 55.77 +/- 1.16 in normal rats (P less than 0.001). By contrast, phosphorylative activity per unit of cytochrome a(+a3) decreased significantly in the cirrhotic liver to 10.40 +/- 0.36 s-1 compared with 13.43 +/- 0.49 in normal rats (P less than 0.001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adenine Nucleotides↗
PubMed1988

Changes in energy metabolism of allografts after liver transplantation.

To evaluate the function of energy metabolism in allografts after liver transplantation, changes in hepatic energy charge levels, oxidative and phosphorylative activities of mitochondria and arterial blood ketone body ratio (acetoacetate/3-hydroxybutyrate; KBR) were studied in piglets. Hepatic energy charge levels decreased to 0.831 +/- 0.010 at 3 days and 0.836 +/- 0.009 at 3 weeks after operation compared to the preoperative value of 0.868 +/- 0.006 (p less than 0.01), and returned to 0.856 +/- 0.007 at 6 weeks. Mitochondrial oxidative and phosphorylative activities were moderately enhanced to 19.14 +/- 2.07 (10(-10) mol ATP/mg of mitochondrial protein/s) at 3 days and 20.89 +/- 1.72 at 3 weeks compared to the preoperative value of 16.74 +/- 2.36, and returned to 16.65 +/- 1.54 at 6 weeks. There was no significant difference in the concentrations of mitochondrial respiratory components, except in cytochrome c + c1. KBR decreased immediately at the beginning of the anhepatic phase and rapidly recovered to the preoperative level within 60 min after revascularization of allografts. There was no change in KBR during the postoperative course except in cases with clinical deterioration. From these results, it is suggested that the mitochondrial capacity for ATP synthesis was enhanced to compensate for the decreased energy charge level and that a decreased KBR is a sign of a critically deranged metabolic function in allografts.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1988

Indomethacin ameliorates ischemic neuronal damage in the gerbil hippocampal CA1 sector.

The purpose of our experiment was to examine whether the cyclooxygenase inhibitor indomethacin ameliorates neuronal injury in the gerbil hippocampal CA1 sector following 5 minutes of forebrain ischemia. Thirty minutes before bilateral carotid artery occlusion, Mongolian gerbils were injected intraperitoneally with 1 (n = 10), 2 (n = 10), 5 (n = 12), or 10 (n = 7) mg/kg of indomethacin. Seven days after occlusion, the gerbils were perfusion-fixed and neuronal density in the hippocampal CA1 sector was assessed. The mean +/- SEM neuronal density in nine unoperated normal gerbils was 307 +/- 9/mm, in 10 untreated ischemic gerbils 55 +/- 21/mm, and in seven vehicle-treated ischemic gerbils 15 +/- 9/mm. The mean +/- SEM neuronal density in ischemic gerbils treated with 1, 2, 5, or 10 mg/kg indomethacin was 132 +/- 28/mm, 154 +/- 29/mm, 176 +/- 30/mm, and 136 +/- 39/mm, respectively. Indomethacin at any dose significantly ameliorated ischemic neuronal damage in the gerbil hippocampal CA1 sector.

Animals↗