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Biomedical subjects

M Noguchi

Publications and source records attributed to M Noguchi.

At least 469 records · Page 26Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical characteristics of goblet cell type adenocarcinoma of the lung.

Twenty-two resected goblet cell type adenocarcinomas of the lung were examined clinicopathologically and immunohistochemically. The stage and survival curve of goblet cell type adenocarcinomas were compared with those of 44 cases of pure or mixed Clara cell and bronchial surface epithelial cell (Clara and BSE) type adenocarcinomas. Each case of goblet cell type was matched with two cases of Clara and BSE type as to sex, age and date of surgery. In goblet cell type adenocarcinomas, lymph node metastasis was less frequently and intrapulmonary metastasis was more frequently detected than in other types of adenocarcinomas (p less than 0.001 and p less than 0.05, respectively). Goblet cell type adenocarcinomas showed better prognoses than Clara and BSE type adenocarcinomas. However, the estimated survival curves of those two groups become similar after adjustment of the TNM condition using Cox's proportional-hazard general linear model. This result indicated that the longer survival of goblet cell type adenocarcinoma was due to the characteristic distribution of TNM conditions, that is, unique local growth and low incidence of lymph node metastasis. When goblet cell type adenocarcinoma was macroscopically classified into two types, i.e. solitary peripheral nodule type (nodular type) and multifocal nodular type or consolidation of all or part of a lobe (diffuse type), the nodular type had better prognosis than the diffuse type (p less than 0.05). Immunohistochemically, 83%, 11%, and 0% of goblet cell type adenocarcinomas were positive for NCC-CO-450, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and surfactant apoprotein, respectively. Most Clara and BSE type adenocarcinomas were negative for NCC-CO-450, but positive for CEA and surfactant apoprotein.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1991

[Studies on the preparation and evaluation of Kijitsu, the immature citrus fruits. IV. Biological activities of immature fruits of different citrus species].

Biological activities of the 50% ethanolic extract of Kijitsu, dried immature Citrus fruits prepared from C. hassaku Hort. ex Tanaka (H), C. natsudaidai Hayata (N) or allied plants (T, A) were observed. Weak toxicities, weak intestine or uterine relaxant activities, beta-adrenergic activities were shown by in vitro experiments and antiasthmatic activity by intraperitoneal administration. These activities among each extract did not differ. The content of flavonoids (narirutin, naringin hesperidin, neohesperidin) or synephrine did not show much difference among the four dried immature Citrus fruits. These results suggest that H can be used for medicine as the substitute for N, T or A which has been commonly used as Kijitsu. This method is generally applicable to the proof of the biological equivalency of the crude drug and its substitutes.

Adrenergic beta-Agonists↗
PubMed1991

Tumor cell heterogeneity and subpopulations with metastatic ability in differentiated adenocarcinoma of the lung. Histologic and cytofluorometric DNA analyses.

To investigate tumor cell heterogeneity and subpopulations with metastatic ability in differentiated adenocarcinoma of the lung, the primary and metastatic lesions in 20 cases of differentiated adenocarcinoma were examined by histologic and cytofluorometric DNA analyses. The primary tumor was divided histologically into three compartments: tumor area of type 1, papillary adenocarcinoma with thin stroma; tumor area of type 2, papillary adenocarcinoma with thickened fibrovascular stroma: tumor area of type 3; solid carcinoma with scant gland formation. The nuclear DNA content (NDC) was higher in type 2 than in type 1 tumor in terms of mean NDC and DNA histogram pattern (p less than 0.01). Metastatic tumors in distant organs often resembled the type 2 of primary tumors histologically and also in their DNA histogram patterns, and their mean NDC values were significantly correlated with each other (p less than 0.01). Metastatic tumors in regional lymph nodes had a significantly lower mean NDC than those in distant organs (p less than 0.01). These results suggest that (1) type 2 tumors originate from type 1 tumors by malignant progression and metastasize hematogenously, and (2) hematogenous metastases are composed of tumor subclones different from those of lymphatic metastases.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1991

[Vasitis nodosa: report of two cases].

Two cases of vasitis nodosa are reported hereon. The two patients were 47 and 40 year old males with desire of refertility. They were performed vasectomy 23 and 10 years ago. They were subjected to vaso-vasostomy. During the operations, spindle shaped nodules were found in the vas deferens at the site of the previous vasectomy. Histologically, they showed focal proliferation of epithelial components forming glands, where a plentiful number of sperms were present, and this was also associated with proliferative change of smooth muscle bundles of vas deferens. Some foci of spermatic granulomas were also found. This condition was similar those of salpingitis isthmica nodosa in the fallopian tube. Vasitis nodosa should be differentiated from metastatic adenocarcinoma histologically. This condition may lead to re-canalization.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[A resected case of renal cell carcinoma with metastasis to pancreas].

We report a case of renal cell carcinoma with metastasis to the pancreas, treated by radical nephrectomy and total pancreatectomy. A 56-year-old man visited our hospital because of macrohematuria and right low backache. An intravenous pyelography, ultrasonography and a CT scan of the abdomen revealed right renal tumor at the upper portion, about 11 cm in diameter, but no abnormal findings of the pancreas. Aortic and celiac angiograms demonstrated multifocal lesions, 1 or 2 cm in size, compatible with a metastatic tumor in the region of the pancreas. The patient underwent right radical nephrectomy and open biopsy of the pancreas. The right renal tumor was histologically revealed to be renal cell carcinoma without nodal or venous extension. Histological examination of the pancreas biopsy specimen confirmed it to be a renal cell carcinoma metastatic to the pancreas. Therefore, he underwent total pancreatectomy 1 month after the previous surgery. Three months after the second surgery, a CT scan of the brain revealed metastasis to the pituitary gland. He is still under therapy.

Carcinoma, Renal Cell↗
PubMed1991

[Familial outbreak of psittacosis].

Three familial cases of psittacosis are reported. The first case was a 46-year-old woman, the second case, her 18-year-old daughter. Both of them often visited the house of the third case, a 49-year-old women, who was the elder sister of case 1 and who took care of the chick of a budgerigar which she kept in the house. Case 1 came to our hospital with abrupt onset of fever, headache, nausea and general malaise. Because she was suspected to have meningitis, she was admitted to the Department of Neurology. On admission, her chest X-ray film showed bilateral ground glass shadows. She also had hypoxemia and liver dysfunction. On learning of her history of contact with the chick, psittacosis was suspected. Case 2 suffered from fever and headache. Her chest X-ray film revealed opaque infiltration in the right lower lung field. Case 3 complained of fever, headache and vomiting. Her chest X-ray film showed fan-shaped faint shadows in the left upper, middle and lower lung fields. We interpreted these findings as showing psittacosis based on anamnesis. The result of the complement fixation (CF) antibody titer against chlamydia was 1:32 in cases 2 and 3, enabling a serological diagnosis of psittacosis. The corresponding result was 1:16 in case 1. Although the CF antibody titer showed no increase, we diagnosed the case clinically as psittacosis. It is difficult to correctly diagnose psittacosis only from the physical findings and chest X-ray films. Detailed anamnesis, in particular taking a history of exposure to birds, is an important clue for diagnosis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Bilateral adrenal gland metastasis of renal adenocarcinoma--a case report].

A 72-year-old male patient, who suffered from a renal adenocarcinoma with bilateral adrenal gland metastasis, is reported herein. The patient consulted the urology clinic with complaints of fever and dysuria. On drip infusion pyelography, a mass lesion was discovered in the upper pole of the left kidney. Computerized tomography (CT) revealed the presence of bilateral adrenal masses. On the basis of aortography and CT studies, the patient was diagnosed as having renal cancer with metastasis in bilateral adrenal glands. No other metastasis could be found. Radical left nephrectomy and bilateral adrenectomy were performed. Thereafter, interferon alpha of 3 million units every day was administered intramuscularly for the first 2 months and then, the same dose was given once a week to the present. Supplementary corticosteroids were also administered. His course was uneventful for 18 months after the operation, with no evidence of recurrence.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1991

Triple carcinomas in Cronkhite-Canada syndrome.

The present report describes a 69-year-old man displaying the clinical features of the Cronkhite-Canada syndrome. After taking medicine for the common cold, he suffered hypogeusia and watery diarrhea, eruptions on the lower extremities and an 8 kg loss in body weight. All his finger and toenails began to fall out. He underwent an upper gastrointestinal examination, upon which multiple polyps of the stomach were detected. Three years later, he again developed diarrhea, bloody stools, body weight loss and eruptions on the lower extremities. An upper gastrointestinal series showed a diverticulum of the esophagus and multiple polyps in the stomach. A barium enema examination revealed polyps throughout the entire colon. Endoscopical biopsy specimens revealed juvenile type polyps and adenomas. The patient was treated with predonine therapy and, in a few days, his symptoms improved. Following the predonine therapy, an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed superficial esophageal cancer and early gastric cancer. The patient received successful surgical treatment. Macroscopically, the esophageal cancer was of the superficial type, and its histologic type was that of moderately-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. The gross finding on the stomach cancer was one of superficial depressed type, and its histologic type was that of well-differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma. One year later, lung cancer was detected. The gross appearance of the resected lung tumor was one of a grayish-white color and the neoplasm was histologically diagnosed as undifferentiated carcinoma, small and large cell type. The coexistence of carcinoma of the gastrointestinal tract with Cronkhite-Canada syndrome has been reported in 21 cases. We have found no report, however, of lung cancer associated with Cronkhite-Canada syndrome. The case described herein is, therefore, the first case of Cronkhite-Canada syndrome to be associated with esophageal, gastric and lung cancer.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Bone mass and biochemical parameters in metabolic bone diseases].

We studied the relationship between the bone mass and biochemical parameters in 175 normal premenopausal, 72 normal postmenopausal and osteoporotic postmenopausal women, between 20 and 88 years old, and in 40 patients with hyperthyroidism, and 23 patients with primary hyperparathyroidism, between 13 and 64 years old. The bone mineral density (BMD) of the spine (L2-L4) and proximal femur (femoral neck) was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry using a QDR-1000, Hologic. The bone mineral content (BMC) of the radius was measured by single photon absorptiometry (SPA) using a model 2780, Norland. Serum PTH, BGP and calcitonin (CT) were determined by radioimmunoassay. The BMD of the spine (L2-L4), and the proximal femur in postmenopausal women were negatively correlated with age. The mean BMD in patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis was significantly lower than that in normal postmenopausal women. In postmenopausal women, age was positively correlated with BGP, PTH, CT and negatively correlated with P. In patients with osteoporosis, the BMD of the spine was negatively correlated with serum BGP. The BMC of radius in patients with hyperthyroidism decreased significantly compared with that in the controls, and was negatively correlated with F-T3. The BMC of the radius in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism was significantly lower than that in the controls, and was negatively correlated with serum BGP and serum calcium. The measurements of biochemical parameters such as serum BGP, ALP and PTH may be useful in the assessment of metabolic bone diseases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Analysis of muscarinic receptors on rat pancreatic acini by using 125I-quinuclidinyl benzilate and N-[3H]-methylscopolamine].

To analyze muscarinic receptors on rat pancreatic acini, we studied the binding of 125I-quinuclidinyl benzilate (125I-QNB) and N-[3H]-methylscopolamine ([3H]-NMS) to these acini. Binding of 125I-QNB and [3H]-NMS to acini was specific and reversible. 125I-QNB bound to low affinity site, which was not recognised by [3H]-NMS. However, nonspecific binding of 125I-QNB to acini was very high (46%), so 125I-QNB may be inadequate to analyze muscarinic receptor on pancreatic acini. Muscarinic receptors are classified in two groups, M1 and M2, according to affinity of pirenzepine which binds to M1 receptor selectively. Pirenzepine was 530 times less potent than atropine in inhibiting the binding of 125I-QNB, and 250 times less potent than atropine in inhibiting the binding of [3H]-NMS. These results suggest that muscarinic receptors on pancreatic acini are mainly M2 receptors.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Acute nephrotoxicity by CDDP (on tubular damage)].

Cisplatin (CDDP) is known to cause a nephrotoxic side effect. By using urinary trehalase which is localized renal tubular brush border, we examined an acute cisplatin nephrotoxicity. 1) With less than 300 mg of CDDP, urinary trehalase activity in the 1st day was significantly increased than preadministration. And urinary beta 2-MG was significantly increased in the 2nd day. But urinary NAG was not significantly increased. 2) With 300 mg or more of CDDP, urinary trehalase, beta 2-MG and NAG were more increased than preadministration. Urinary trehalase and beta 2-MG were inclined to increment. But urinary NAG was not inclined to decrement. Above all, renal tubular damage is reversible with less than 300 mg of CDDP, but is irreversible with 300 mg or more of CDDP.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMed1990

Heterogenous amplification of myc family oncogenes in small cell lung carcinoma.

One hundred forty-two foci of small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) from 47 patients were examined for amplification of myc family oncogenes (c-myc, N-myc, and L-myc), by dot blot hybridization using formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded materials which were resected surgically or obtained at autopsy. Some selected patients were also examined by in situ hybridization. Amplification of myc family genes was detected in 11 patients (23.4%) (c-myc in one, N-myc in five, and L-myc in five). Two of the 11 patients (one with N-myc and one with L-myc) had heterogenously amplified clones. In the patient with N-myc amplification, amplification was detected in metastatic tumors in the pancreas, lung, and pleura, but not in the liver and lymph node metastases. In the primary tumor, areas with and without N-myc amplification were seen. In the patient with L-myc amplification, although amplification was not detected in the surgically resected primary lesion, mediastinal lymph node metastatic lesions obtained at autopsy showed L-myc gene amplification. These two cases, together with previously reported evidence, suggest that myc gene amplification plays an important role in malignant progression, rather than development, of SCLC. In Stage III and IV groups, patients with over ten-fold myc gene amplification were suggested to survive for a shorter time than patients without such amplification (P = 0.06).

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Association of point mutation in c-Ki-ras oncogene in lung adenocarcinoma with particular reference to cytologic subtypes.

The correlation between clinicopathologic findings and point mutation in codon 12 of c-Ki-ras gene was examined in primary lung adenocarcinomas using polymerase chain reaction and oligonucleotide hybridization techniques. The mutation was detected in ten of 67 cases (15%). Microscopically, mutation-positive cases revealed a tendency to be well differentiated (P less than 0.01). Especially, the incidence of the mutation-positive cases was significantly higher in goblet cell type (three of four) than in other types (five of 56) (P less than 0.001). None of 21 cases of pure Clara cell type showed the mutation (P less than 0.05). The mutation was detected frequently in tumors with no lymph node metastasis (P less than 0.05), with larger tumor size (P = 0.01), and T2 cases (P less than 0.01). Cigarette smoking was not always a contributing factor for mutation. This study revealed that the point mutation of c-Ki-ras codon 12 in lung adenocarcinoma has been associated with the cytologic subtype.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

Peptidylglycine alpha-amidating reaction: evidence for a two-step mechanism involving a stable intermediate at neutral pH.

In our previous study of the rat brain alpha-amidating activity, we suggested that a protein of 41 kdal (41K protein) that shows no alpha-amidating activity is required for the reaction at neutral pH in addition to an alpha-amidating enzyme of 36 kdal (36K enzyme). Here we report on the purification of both proteins to near homogeneity and provide evidence that alpha-amidation proceeds via a two-step mechanism involving a stable intermediate at neutral pH, which is initially formed by the 36K enzyme and then readily converted into an amide product by the 41K protein.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1990

The reaction product of peptidylglycine alpha-amidating enzyme is a hydroxyl derivative at alpha-carbon of the carboxyl-terminal glycine.

The peptidylglycine alpha-amidating enzyme catalyzes a reaction that transforms a carboxyl-terminal glycine-extended precursor into a carboxyl-terminal alpha-amidated peptide. We purified an alpha-amidating enzyme from equine serum by simplified steps including substrate affinity chromatography. With the purified enzyme, we detected an intermediate of the alpha-amidating reaction by high performance liquid chromatography analysis. The production of the intermediate required copper, oxygen, and ascorbate and increased linearly with incubation time. The structure of the intermediate was determined to be a hydroxyl derivative at the carboxyl-terminal glycine by fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry and by proton NMR. The intermediate was readily converted into an alpha-amidated product in alkaline conditions in a nonenzymic fashion. The nonenzymic conversion required no cofactor but was extremely accelerated by the addition of copper ion or at higher temperature. Our data suggest that the direct product of the alpha-amidating reaction is not an alpha-amidated peptide but a hydroxyl derivative at the alpha-carbon of the carboxyl-terminal glycine.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1990

Expression of a cDNA encoding human 5-lipoxygenase under control of the STA1 promoter in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

A yeast-expression vector utilizing the STA1 promoter was constructed, and shown to be useful for the expression of a heterologous gene. A cDNA, encoding human 5-lipoxygenase (5LO), was inserted into the vector and expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The enzyme (yh5LO) produced in the transformant was purified to homogeneity from the cellular soluble fraction. The purified enzyme showed both 5LO and leukotriene A4 synthase activities, which were stimulated by Ca2+ and ATP. The N-terminal end of yh5LO contained five extra amino acids not present in 5LO purified from human leukocytes. A human 5LO-secretion vector containing the STA1 signal sequence was also constructed. When this hybrid gene was expressed in S. cerevisiae, its product was glycosylated and accumulated in the fractions related to the secretory pathway.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1990

[2,450MHz hyperthermia for malignant stenosis of the bile duct--development of a new biliary drainage tube united with a thermocouple].

We have developed new biliary drainage tubes (10 Fr and 12 Fr size) united with a thermocouple, through which we could apply 2,450MHz hyperthermia more exactly monitoring the tissue temperature in 3 cases with biliary obstruction than intracatheter hyperthermia methods already reported. One patient was discharged asymptomatic without jaundice after the removal of the drainage tube.

Aged↗