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Biomedical subjects

M Noguchi

Publications and source records attributed to M Noguchi.

At least 379 records · Page 21Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Mastectomy with and without immediate breast reconstruction using a musculocutaneous flap.

We compared surgical cosmetic results in 83 patients who underwent mastectomy with immediate breast reconstruction (MIBR) using a myocutaneous flap with those of 153 patients with breast cancer who underwent mastectomy without breast reconstruction. Cosmetic results were significantly better in patients who underwent MIBR than radical mastectomy or extended MIBR, although no intergroup difference existed in the reconstructive technique. Neither did any difference exist in the incidence of complications between patients undergoing MIBR and mastectomy without breast reconstruction, or between patients undergoing modified mastectomy and radical or extended mastectomy. Finally, MIBR did not appear to adversely effect recurrence or overall survival. We conclude that MIBR using a myocutaneous flap is an acceptable treatment option for patients with breast cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Further analysis of predictive value of Helix pomatia lectin binding to primary breast cancer for axillary and internal mammary lymph node metastases.

We investigated the relation between Helix pomatia (HPA) staining of primary breast cancer and the presence of axillary (AX) or internal mammary (IM) metastases, and evaluated its predictive value for AX or IM metastases in comparison with the use of clinical variables. There was a significant association between the HPA staining and AX or IM metastases. When HPA staining was regarded as an indicator of AX metastases, a diagnostic accuracy of 72%, a sensitivity of 69% and a specificity of 75% were achieved. As an indicator of IM metastases, these values were 64%, 76% and 62%, respectively. In predicting the presence of AX metastases using a discriminant function with clinical AX status, location of tumour and tumour size, diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity and specificity were 79%, 69% and 87%, respectively. In predicting the presence of IM metastases using the discriminant function with clinical AX status and tumour size, these values were 74%, 71% and 75%, respectively. Therefore, it was concluded that the HPA staining may be useful, but it was equivalent with the discriminant function with clinical variables in prediction of AX or IM metastases.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1993

Prognostic significance of Helix pomatia lectin and c-erbB-2 oncoprotein in human breast cancer.

We investigated the prognostic significance of Helix pomatia lectin (HPA) staining on disease-free and overall survival in 120 primary breast carcinomas. HPA staining was present in 58 (48%) of these carcinomas. It was significantly associated with axillary lymph node metastases (P < 0.001) and c-erbB-2 expression (P < 0.01). A univariate study revealed that disease-free and overall survival were significantly correlated with clinical stage, tumour size, axillary lymph node metastases. HPA staining and c-erbB-2 expression. In a multivariate study, all previous prognostic indicators except HPA staining and c-erbB-2 expression were independent factors. However, stratifying the patients on the basis of HPA and c-erbB-2 status suggested that HPA +/c-erbB-2+ status was predictive of a higher incidence of axillary lymph node metastases (P = 0.000001) and a poorer overall (P < 0.0002) and a shorter disease-free (P < 0.000006) survival when compared with the other subgroups, although this combination did not provide any additional prognostic information for overall (P = 0.3544) or disease-free (P = 0.7152) survival by a multivariate analysis. For patients in whom axillary lymph node dissection has not been performed, therefore, HPA and c-erbB-2 status seems to be a powerful tool to discriminate subpopulations with a high recurrence risk and shorter survival who should undergo more aggressive therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Influence of esculetin on incidence, proliferation, and cell kinetics of mammary carcinomas induced by 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene in rats on high- and low-fat diets.

The effects of a high-fat diet and esculetin were investigated on 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced mammary carcinogenesis in female Sprague-Dawley rats. Rats were given a 5-mg dose of DMBA. Seven days later, they were fed either a high-fat (20% soybean oil) or low-fat (0.5% soybean oil) diet. A half of the rats received diets containing 0.03% esculetin. Esculetin significantly inhibited tumor incidence, growth and cell kinetics of the tumor in the rats fed the high-fat and the low-fat diets. Our findings indicate that DMBA-induced mammary tumorigenesis is affected by lipoxygenase products.

9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene↗
PubMed1993

Comparison of immunoreactivity between two different monoclonal antibodies recognizing peptide and polysialic acid chain epitopes on the neural cell adhesion molecule in normal tissues and lung tumors.

A comparative immunohistochemical study of two different monoclonal antibodies against different epitopes on the neural cell adhesion molecule (N-CAM) was performed. Various normal tissues and lung tumors were examined for reactivity with NCC-LU-243, a monoclonal antibody which recognizes a peptide epitope on N-CAM, and monoclonal antibody 735 (MoAb 735), which reacts with a polysialic acid chain epitope on N-CAM. When acetone-fixed normal tissues were used, the immunoreactivities of MoAb 735 and NCC-LU-243 were not identical. In lung tumors, almost all small cell cancers (SCLC) and carcinoid tumors, and some non-SCLC were stained by both monoclonal antibodies. NCC-LU-243 stained the cell membrane only of almost all SCLC cells and clusters of non-SCLC cells. MoAb 735 stained the cell membrane of SCLC in a patchy manner and not only the cell membrane but also the cytoplasm of some non-SCLC. However cytoplasmic staining was evaluated as 'not positive'. The number of positive cases and the size of the positive tumor cell population determined by cell membrane staining with MoAb 735 were smaller than those determined with NCC-LU-243 in both SCLC and non-SCLC cases. In routinely formalin-fixed materials, the immunoreactivity of both monoclonal antibodies, especially of NCC-LU-243, decreased after prolonged fixation as in surgically resected and autopsy materials. However, both monoclonal antibodies were found to be useful when materials were fixed for a short period of time as in biopsy specimens.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1993

YM-09151-2 but not l-sulpiride induces transient dopamine release in rat striatum via a tetrodotoxin-insensitive mechanism.

The effects of the selective dopamine D2 receptor antagonists YM-09151-2 and l-sulpiride on the in vivo release of dopamine (DA), L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), and homovanillic acid (HVA) in rat striatum were investigated. The drugs were injected into the striatum through a microinjection needle attached to a dialysis probe. YM-09151-2 (0.1 or 1.0 microgram/0.5 microliter) injected into the striatum produced a dramatic rapid-onset transient increase in striatal DA release in a dose-dependent manner. However, the DA increase induced by l-sulpiride (15 or 75 ng/0.5 microliter) was small and of slower onset. An increase of DOPAC levels by YM-09151-2 was biphasic: The first peak occurred at 40 min, followed by a delayed-onset gradual increase. Slower-onset gradual increases were also found in DOPAC levels after l-sulpiride injection and in HVA levels after injections of both YM-09151-2 and l-sulpiride. The infusion of tetrodotoxin (TTX; 2 microM) revealed two different types of DA release mechanisms: The rapid-onset transient DA release induced by YM-09151-2 was TTX insensitive, whereas the slower-onset DA release induced by l-sulpiride was TTX sensitive. Moreover, the rapid-onset transient DA release was Ca2+ independent and was not affected by pretreatment with l-sulpiride or nomifensine. Therefore, it is concluded that YM-09151-2 injected into the striatum produced a transient striatal DA release that is independent of D2 receptors and the action potential.

3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid↗
PubMed1993

Assessment of Chlamydia trachomatis-specific IgA and IgG serum antibodies in genitourinary Chlamydia trachomatis infection--comparative study between HITAZYME and IPAzyme.

We assessed the C. trachomatis antibody assay kit HITAZYME (Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.) using clinical specimens. This kit is based on an enzyme immunoassay (EIA) which utilized purified Chlamydia trachomatis outer membrane antigen as the solid phase antigen. Twenty-nine untreated male urethritis patients, 816 pregnant housewives, 188 cervicitis patients, and 76 pelvic inflammatory disease patients were tested. Agreement between the HITAZYME test and antigen detection in infected area was assessed, and a comparison was made with IPAzyme (a commercially available indirect immunoperoxidase assay kit). 1) Summary of HITAZYME and IPAzyme IgA: Agreement between the two assays was relatively good, i.e., 82.6% (916/1109). However, 5.5% (61/1109) were HITAZYME (-), IPAzyme (+), and 11.9% (132/1109) were HITAZYME (+), IPAzyme (-). Thus, in quite a few cases the results did not agree. IgG: Agreement between the two assays was 73.7% (817/1109). Agreement was relatively low, 24.4% (271/1109) were HITAZYME (-), IPAzyme (+). 2) In the cases of disagreement, more specific Western blot analysis was performed to check the reactivity of the anti-C. trachomatis antibody. When IgA was used, agreement between HITAZYME and Western blot analysis was 69.6% (16/23), and agreement between IPAzyme and Western blot analysis was 30.4% (7/23), whereas when IgG was used, agreement between HITAZYME and Western blot analysis was 80.0% (12/15), and agreement between IPAzyme and Western blot analysis was 20.0% (3/15). There was significantly greater agreement with HITAZYME than with IPAzyme. In other words, HITAZYME had greater specificity when reacted with C. trachomatis antigen than IPAzyme. 3) The IgA antibody-positive rate in antigen (+) cases (male urethritis: 72.7%, pregnant housewives: 65.7%, cervicitis: 70.3%, pelvic inflammatory disease: 70.0%) was significantly (p < 0.01) higher than in antigen (-) cases (male urethritis: 16.7%, pregnant housewives: 13.6%, cervicitis: 22.6%, pelvic inflammatory disease: 30.4%). Therefore, IgA antibody can serve as a suitable indicator for active infection. 4) The IgG antibody-positive rate in antigen (-) female cases was 15.5% using HITAZYME and significantly (p < 0.01) lower than with IPAzyme. HITAZYME had greater specificity than IPAzyme. In conclusion, HITAZYME has relatively good sensitivity and specificity. Moreover, since it is an EIA assay, it allows objective evaluation of results. It permits processing of a large number of specimens because it is easy to perform. Thus, HITAZYME is a superior antibody assay for C. trachomatis. It can be used when antigen tests are difficult to perform. It is strongly anticipated that HITAZYME will be able to be used clinically as a screening test.

Chlamydia Infections↗
PubMed1993

Poor prognostic value of proliferating cell nuclear antigen labelling index in breast carcinoma.

AIM: To investigate the association between proliferating cell nuclear antigen immunostaining and various clinicopathological variables, and its prognostic value in breast carcinoma. METHODS: A monoclonal antibody PC10 was applied to formalin fixed, paraffin wax embedded tissue in 144 cases of primary breast cancer. PCNA immunostaining was scored by counting 1000 cells; the percentage of positive stained cells was recorded as the PCNA labelling index (PCNA-LI). RESULTS: The PCNA-LI varied from 0-77% with a mean of 18%. When tumours were separated on the basis of the mean value, 93 had a low PCNA-LI of less or equal than 18% and 47 a high PCNA-LI of more than 18%. There was no significant correlation between PCNA-LI and all prognostic factors included in this study. Moreover, PCNA-LI failed to show any prognostic value for overall and disease free survival. CONCLUSION: PCNA immunostaining is not correlated with clinicopathological variables and patient survival in breast cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration and limbic encephalitis in a patient with adenocarcinoma of the colon.

The rare association of two neurological paraneoplastic syndromes, paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration and limbic encephalitis occurred in a 55 year old woman with a microscopic adenocarcinoma in a colonic polyp. Complete removal of the tumour by polypectomy brought about a favourable recovery from limbic encephalitis but the cerebellar ataxia remained. High titres of antineuronal nuclear antibody resembling anti-Hu were demonstrated in serum by immunohistochemistry using rat brain as a substrate. The antibody identified a protein band of 41 kDa on a Western immunoblot.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1993

[Analgesic effect of benzoylmesaconine].

"Tsumura Shuchi-Bushi Powder for Ethical Dispensing" (TJ-3021) is an herbal drug of processed Aconiti tuber that attenuates its toxicity. A greater part of mesaconitine which is regarded as a main analgesic component in processed Aconiti tuber is hydrolyzed into benzoylmesconine (BM) by its processing. In this study, the analgesic effect of BM was examined in comparison with that of TJ-3021 in mice and rats. BM (10 mg/kg, p.o.) depressed the acetic acid-induced writhing significantly. Its analgesic activity was almost similar in magnitude to that of TJ-3021 (300 mg/kg, p.o.). BM (30 mg/kg, p.o.) significantly increased the pain threshold ratio of paw pressure in repeated cold stress (RCS) rats, and its analgesic potency appeared to be equivalent to that of TJ-3021 (1000 mg/kg, p.o.). These results suggest that the analgesic activity of BM is strong enough for explanation of the analgesic effect of TJ-3021, and it might contribute to that of TJ-3021.

Aconitine↗
PubMed1993

Mechanism of isoprenaline-stimulated diacylglycerol formation in rat parotid acinar cells.

The kinetics and mechanism of sn-1,2-diacylglycerol (DAG) formation induced by isoprenaline were studied in rat parotid acinar cells. DAG accumulation induced by 100 microM isoprenaline reached its maximum at 1 min, rapidly decreased (about 50%) at 5 min and then remained constant for 30 min. DAG accumulation 1 min after isoprenaline treatment was dose-dependent. Either propranolol or phentolamine inhibited isoprenaline-stimulated DAG accumulation in a dose-dependent manner. Addition of a vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, forskolin, or dibutyryl cyclic AMP had no effect on DAG accumulation. Isoprenaline did not cause the release of [3H]choline or [3H]ethanolamine metabolites into the medium. Based on the kinetics of DAG formation and [32P]phosphoinositide breakdown, we conclude that isoprenaline-induced DAG formation was mainly related to the hydrolysis of [32P]phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate ([32P]PIP2). These results suggest that the effect of isoprenaline on DAG formation is mediated by alpha 1-adrenoceptor activation, that it is not related to the increase in cyclic AMP, and that it is closely related to PIP2 hydrolysis.

Alkaloids↗
PubMed1993

Toxicokinetics of phenobarbital in rats with DL-ethionine-induced liver injury.

The toxicokinetic parameters of phenobarbital (PB) were assessed in a female rat model of liver disease. In a preliminary study to determine the optimum dose of DL-ethionine (ET) for creating liver damage, intraperitoneal injection of 250, 500, or 1,000 mg/kg of ET was done for 4 days. ET treatment caused an increase in serum GOT and GPT activity and a decrease in the serum glucose concentration. In the liver, triglycerides and free fatty acids were increased and glucose and S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) were decreased. Histologic examination revealed diffuse fatty degeneration of the hepatocytes. These findings accorded with those already reported as characteristic of ET intoxication. The toxicokinetic parameters for PB were determined after oral or intravenous administration of 100 mg/kg of PB to rats with ET (500 mg/kg, i.p.)-induced hepatotoxicity. After oral administration of PB, prolongation of the Tmax, increased AUC0-infinity, and decreased ke and CL values were noted in ET-treated rats. When PB was given intravenously, the AUC0-infinity was increased while the values of alpha, beta and CL were decreased. A high level of urinary excretion of PB persisted for 48 hr. Protein binding of PB was unchanged in ET-treated animals, but the extent of bioavailability of PB tended to increase. These results indicate that elimination of PB was impaired in the ET-treated rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Developmental process: family caregivers of demented Japanese.

1. Developmental process of caring for demented elders: the case of family caregivers consists of the beginning process (stage 1 through 4) and the awakening process (stage 5 through 7). 2. In the beginning process, the caregiver is unaware of the interaction between him/her and the demented family member, relies on conventional, general-purpose methods of care and on verbal communication, and consider care in terms of training and discipline of the person cared for. 3. The caregiver in the awakening process has realized that there is interaction between him/her and the demented family member, reflects on the nonverbal signs shown by the elder in order to improve their care, and provide warm and considerate care by making the most of nonverbal communication.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

[Studies of combined treatment of radiofrequency hyperthermia with anticancer agents or irradiation for invasive bladder cancer].

Using an in vitro colony forming assay system, the cytotoxic effects of anticancer agents alone, adriamycin (ADM) and bleomycin (BLM), and the combined effects of hyperthermia and anticancer agents on cultivated KK-47 cells were investigated. When the hyperthermia was combined with various concentrations of ADM ranging from 0.005 to 0.1 microgram/ml and BLM from 0.01 to 1.0 microgram/ml, enhanced cell killing effects were obtained at the concentration of less than 0.02 microgram/ml of ADM and with an increase of BLM concentration. In DNA specimens obtained from the livers of chick embryos inoculated with human tumor cultivated cells, the polymerase chain reaction technique was used to amplify a DNA fragment specific to the beta-globin gene. By detecting these amplified DNA fragments, the feasibility of efficiently detecting metastatic cells present in chick embryo was demonstrated in vivo. Hyperthermic therapy showed inhibitory effects on the growth of metastasized cultivated cells in a thermal dose-dependent manner. Combination therapy of ADM, mitomycin and carboplatin and hyperthermia had an enhanced inhibitory activity on the growth of metastasized cultivated human tumor cells derived from bladder cancer. Hyperthermia using radiofrequency-capacitive heating in combination with irradiation or anticancer agents, was performed in a total of 56 patients with T2 to T4 invasive urinary bladder cancer. A tumor regression rate of 50 percent or more was obtained in 21 of these 56 patients. We have to follow up the patients for longer periods more precisely to evaluate the role of these treatments.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Successful surgery for pulmonary aspergillosis progressing to subacute process].

A 59-year-old woman with diabetes and rheumatoid arthritis was given prednisolone following the diagnosis of rheumatoid lung disease. She developed fever and bloody sputum, and chest X-ray showed a massive shadow in the right lower lung field. Chest CT revealed a giant massive shadow with unclear margin in the right posterior lower lobe. With enhancement, a round low density area appeared in the shadow. Aspergillus hyphae were detected from a bronchial brushing specimen. Pulmonary aspergillosis was diagnosed administration of anti-fungal agents was commenced but the improvement was not satisfactory. Surgical resection, which may be curative, was subsequently performed. The resected lung contained an aspergillus ball formation within an enlarged bronchus, that is, a bronchial aspergilloma, surrounded by widespread inflammatory cell infiltration. Most pulmonary aspergillomas are of the "colonization type", but in our case progression to subacute process occurred according to the extent of our patient's immunological reaction. For the treatment of localized pulmonary aspergillosis, our results suggest that surgery is recommended.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1993

[Neurinoma of the cauda equina associated with normal pressure hydrocephalus].

Hydrocephalus associated with spinal tumors is a well known but not common phenomenon. Over 80 such cases have been reported since 1931 by Kirieleis. Most of those cases present features of raised intracranial pressure, for instance papilledema. The histological diagnosis of the tumors is ependymoma (1/2), neurinoma (1/4) and malignant astrocytoma (1/4). On the other hand dementia as a symptom of spinal tumors has been reported only 13 times. In 11 of 13 cases presented with signs of NPH, mental status improved only by removal of the tumors without shunt operation. The histological diagnosis of the tumors is neurinoma (9 cases), ependymoma (2) and meningioma (2). Ours is the 14th case. A 59-year-old woman presented a 6 month history of memory disturbance, gait disturbance and urinary incontinence. CT scan showed ventricular dilatation. RI cisternography revealed a block at lumbar region. CSF obtained by lumbar puncture was deep yellow and turbid. CSF protein level was markedly elevated to 4073 mg/dl. MRI of the spinal cord demonstrated cauda equina mass. Total removal of the spinal tumor was performed. The histological diagnosis was neurinoma. Within 3 weeks the patient's symptoms had dramatically improved. The decrease in ventricular size was noted on CT 18 months after operation. We think one of the most important factors by which spinal tumors develop NPH is elevation of the CSF protein content. In our case, postoperative protein level decreased from 4073 to 274 mg/dl.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Cauda Equina↗
PubMed1993

[The surgical management of breast cancer, especially breast conserving treatment].

The management of breast cancer is highly controversial. Various operations have been performed at different hospitals. Herein, we reviewed the results of randomized clinical trials regarding breast conserving treatment, and axillary and internal mammary lymph node dissections. Variations in local-regional therapy may not substantially affect survival, but the incidence of local-regional failure is inversely related to the extent of operation and/or radiotherapy. At present, surgeons are highly recommended to perform adequate surgery which provides the ultimate local control, does not compromise the chance for cure and gives the best cosmetic and aesthetic results. Therefore, quadrantectomy with or without immediate reconstruction, axillary dissection and internal mammary biopsy and breast irradiation are more preferably recommended for ensuring local control and for providing a better cosmetic and psychological impact.

Breast Neoplasms↗